Pentraxins

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Pentaxin family
SCOP2
1sac / SCOPe / SUPFAM
CDDcd00152
Available protein structures:
Pfam  structures / ECOD  
PDBRCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsumstructure summary
PDB1limD:32-237 2a3wF:26-219 2a3xH:26-219

1lgnC:26-219 2a3yD:26-219 1gykA:26-219 1sacC:26-219 1hasB:29-222 1crvE:25-220

1lj7D:25-220 1b09C:25-220 1gnhA:25-220

Pentraxins (PTX), also known as pentaxins, are an evolutionary conserved family of

acute phase proteins (APP), known for over a century.[2]

Structure

Pentraxins are characterised by

C reactive protein (CRP). The "long" pentraxins include PTX3
(a cytokine modulated molecule) and several neuronal pentraxins.

Family members

Three of the principal members of the pentraxin family are serum proteins: namely, CRP,[4] SAP,[5] and hamster female protein (FP).[6] PTX3 (or TSG-14) protein is a cytokine-induced protein that is homologous to CRPs and SAPs.

C-reactive protein

Limulus polyphemus
(Atlantic horseshoe crab), where they are a normal constituent of the hemolymph.

Pentraxin 3

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute phase protein whose levels rise during severe infections in humans. In case of central nervous system infections PTX3 helps distinguishes between

bacterial meningoencephalitis.[7]

Serum amyloid P component

blood vessels. SAP binds to various lipoprotein ligands in a calcium-dependent manner, and it has been suggested that, in mammals, this may have important implications in atherosclerosis and amyloidosis.[5]

Hamster female protein

Hamster female protein is a SAP homologue found in

sex steroids and stimuli that elicit an acute phase response.[6]

Nervous system

Pentraxin proteins expressed in the nervous system are neural pentraxin I (

Cavia porcellus (Guinea pig).[9]

Human

Human genes encoding proteins that contain this domain include:

References