Perciformes

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Perciformes
Temporal range: Early Paleocene–recent
Dusky grouper
(Epinephelus marginatus)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Clade: Percomorpha
Order: Perciformes
Bleeker, 1863
Type species
Perca fluviatilis
Linnaeus, 1758
Suborders

See text

Perciformes (/ˈpɜːrsɪˌfɔːrmiːz/), also called the Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish in the clade Percomorpha. Perciformes means "perch-like". Among the well-known members of this group are perch and darters (Percidae), sea bass and groupers (Serranidae).[1]

Taxonomy

Formerly, this group was thought to be even more diverse than it is thought to be now, containing about 41% of all

bony fish (about 10,000 species) and about 160 families, which is the most of any order within the vertebrates.[2] However, many of these other families have since been reclassified within their own orders within the clade Percomorpha, significantly reducing the size of the group. In contrast to this splitting, other groups formerly considered distinct, such as the Scorpaeniformes, are now classified in the Perciformes.[3]

Evolution

The earliest fossil perciform is the extinct serranid Paleoserranus from the Early Paleocene of Mexico, but potential records of "percoids" are known from the Maastrichtian, including Eoserranus, Indiaichthys, and Prolates, although their exact taxonomic identity remains uncertain.[4][5]

Characteristics

The

cycloid
(smooth to the touch) or otherwise modified.

Taxonomy

Classification of this group is controversial. As traditionally defined before the introduction of

Pleuronectiformes
. Of the presently recognized suborders, several may be paraphyletic, as well. These are grouped by suborder/superfamily, generally following the text Fishes of the World.[2][6][7][8]

Perciformes display at the National Museum of Natural History.
Pomacanthus semicirculatus
Nelson 2016[8] Betancur-Rodriguez et al. 2017[9]

References

  1. ^ "Perciform - Form and function". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  2. ^
    ISBN 978-0-471-25031-9
    .
  3. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original
    on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
  4. ISSN 0895-9811
    .
  5. ^ Kriwet, Jürgen; Arratia, Gloria; López-Arbarello, Adriana; Parmar, Varun; Prasad, Guntupalli (1 January 2004). "Late Cretaceous-Paleocene percomorphs (Teleostei) from India - early radiation of perciformes". Recent advances in ….
  6. ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2015). "Perciformes" in FishBase. August 2015 version.
  7. ^ "ADW: Perciformes". animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu. Animal Diversity Web.
  8. ^
    ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original
    on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  9. PMID 28683774
    .
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