Perilymph

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Perilymph
scala tympani - the aqua regions at the top and bottom of the diagram.
Cross-section of semi-circular canal and duct showing perilymphatic space
Details
Identifiers
Latinperilympha
MeSHD010498
TA98A15.3.03.056
TA26938
FMA60908
Anatomical terminology]

Perilymph is an

mM, respectively.[1] It is also named Cotunnius' liquid and liquor cotunnii for Domenico Cotugno
.

Structure

The

subarachnoid space via the perilymphatic duct.[3]

Composition

Perilymph and

hair cells necessary for hearing. The electric potential of endolymph is ~80-90 mV more positive than perilymph due to a higher concentration of potassium cations (K+) in endolymph and higher sodium (Na+) in perilymph.[4] This is referred to as the endocochlear potential.[5]

Perilymph is the fluid contained within the bony labyrinth, surrounding and protecting the membranous labyrinth; perilymph resembles extracellular fluid in composition (sodium salts are the predominant positive electrolyte) and, via the cochlear aqueduct (sometimes referred to as the "perilymphatic duct"), is in continuity with cerebrospinal fluid.

Endolymph is the fluid contained within the scala media of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear and within the semicircular canals of the vestibular apparatus; endolymph resembles

intracellular fluid
in composition (potassium is the main cation).

Apart from the importance in the electric cochlear potential, the perilymph also contains a large number of proteins, e.g. extracellular enzymes and immunoglobulins. These proteins are important for the immune response and metabolism among others physiological functions.[6]

Clinical significance

It has also been suggested that perilymph and endolymph participate in a unidirectional flow that is interrupted in Ménière's disease.

References

  1. S2CID 32638469
    .
  2. Science Direct
    . Retrieved 2021-03-17.
  3. ^ Blumenfeld, Hal (2010). Neuroanatomy through Clinical Cases second edition. Sinauer Associates, Inc.
  4. PMID 696294
    .
  5. PMID 16857713
    .
  6. PMID 29856847
    .

External links
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