Peru, Indiana
Peru, Indiana | ||
---|---|---|
FIPS code 18-59328[4] | | |
GNIS feature ID | 2396188[2] | |
Website | www |
Peru is a city in, and the county seat of, Miami County, Indiana, United States.[2] It is 73 miles (117 km) north of Indianapolis. The population was 11,073 at the 2020 census,[3] making it the most populous community in Miami County.[5] Peru is located along the Wabash River and is part of the Kokomo-Peru Combined Statistical Area.
Residents of Peru usually pronounce the name of Peru like the name of the nation of Peru as it is commonly pronounced in American English. Elderly Hoosiers commonly use the archaic pronunciation of /ˈpiːru/ PEE-roo.[citation needed]
History
This section needs additional citations for verification. (April 2023) |
On August 18, 1827, Joseph Holman bought land near the confluence of the Mississinewa and Wabash rivers from Jean Baptiste "Pechewa" (Wildcat) Drouet de Richardville, the chief of the Miami people. The sale was approved on March 3, 1828, by President John Quincy Adams. On March 12, 1829, Holman had the land surveyed and laid out the town of Miamisport.[6]
Peru was founded in 1834 by William N. Hood, who had bought 210 acres (85 hectares) of land from Miamisport's founder Joseph Holman five years earlier.[7] By 1835, court was being held in Peru rather than Miamisport, and the name "Miamisport" quietly disappeared as Peru became the dominant community in the area.[6] Frances Slocum was reunited with members of her family near Peru in 1837, after nearly sixty years of living among Native Americans.
Early in the 20th century, Peru was home to a pioneering automobile maker, Model Automobile Company;[8] like many other early automobile manufacturers, Model did not survive.
In 1913, Peru suffered a massive flood, the worst of its time. Between March 24 and March 27, 6 inches (150 mm) of rain fell on Peru, and sent water from the Wabash and Mississinewa rivers rushing down its streets at speeds of 20 miles per hour (32 km/h), destroying everything in its path. Before the flood of 1913, Peru was a busy town, full of activity and jobs, with 15,000 inhabitants, 100 factories, a trolley service, railroads, a new hospital (Duke's), a circus (which employed 1,000 people on the road), and a new concrete bridge (largest of its kind in the world at the time). The total loss for Peru was estimated at $3,000,000 (1913 figures). Many people died, as well as many of the circus animals.
Public enemy John Dillinger and his gang robbed the Peru police department armory on October 21, 1933. They acquired one Thompson submachine gun, two Winchester rifles, two shotguns, four .38 revolvers and a half-dozen bulletproof vests.
On June 23, 1972, Martin J. McNally hijacked
The movie Little Big Top, which starred Sid Haig, was shot and directed in the town of Peru by Peru native Ward Roberts who also wrote the movie. Scenes show the famous drive up to the "Mr. Weenie" restaurant and the Circus building.
The Brownell Block/Senger Dry Goods Company Building, James Omar Cole House, Miami County Courthouse, Peru High School Historic District, and Shirk-Edwards House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[11]
Circuses
Peru was the winter headquarters for several famous circuses, including
Mariya Rasputina, daughter of Grigori Rasputin, was mauled by a bear in Peru while working for the Hagenback-Wallace Circus, but survived.[14]
Geography
Peru is located in north-central Indiana, in central Miami County, 14 miles (23 km) west of Wabash and 16 miles (26 km) east of Logansport. Indianapolis, the state capital, is 73 miles (117 km) to the south, and South Bend is 71 miles (114 km) to the north.
According to the
Peru is the largest town or city in Miami County and is the site of the tribal headquarters of the Miami Nation.
Peru's water treatment plant tested negative for PFC in September 2015.[15]
Transportation
Highways
The business route of U.S. Route 31 runs north–south through Peru on North Broadway and West Main Street. The business route of U.S. Route 24 runs east–west through the town on East and West Main Street. Current U.S. 24 follows a four-lane bypass 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of downtown, while current U.S. 31 is a four-lane highway 3 miles (5 km) west of downtown. The Peru city limits extend north as far as U.S. 24 and then west along that highway as far as its interchange with U.S. 31.[16]
Indiana State Road 19 passes through the center of Peru on Chili Avenue, North Benton Street, East Main Street, and South Broadway. It leads north 8 miles (13 km) to Chili and southeast 14 miles (23 km) to Amboy. State Road 124 (East Riverside Drive) leads east from South Peru 27 miles (43 km) to Mount Etna.
Rail
Peru was a stop on Wabash Railroad trains between St. Louis and Detroit. The last train on that line was the Wabash Cannon Ball in 1971.[17][18] The last Amtrak service was in 1986 when the Chicago–Cincinnati–New York City Cardinal was rerouted out of the town.[19]
Air
Peru Municipal Airport, operated by the city, is located approximately 5 miles (8 km) to the northwest of downtown.[20]
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1850 | 1,266 | — | |
1860 | 2,506 | 97.9% | |
1870 | 3,617 | 44.3% | |
1880 | 5,280 | 46.0% | |
1890 | 7,028 | 33.1% | |
1900 | 8,463 | 20.4% | |
1910 | 10,910 | 28.9% | |
1920 | 12,410 | 13.7% | |
1930 | 12,730 | 2.6% | |
1940 | 12,432 | −2.3% | |
1950 | 13,308 | 7.0% | |
1960 | 14,453 | 8.6% | |
1970 | 14,139 | −2.2% | |
1980 | 13,764 | −2.7% | |
1990 | 12,843 | −6.7% | |
2000 | 12,994 | 1.2% | |
2010 | 11,417 | −12.1% | |
2020 | 11,073 | −3.0% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[21] |
2010 census
As of the 2010
There were 4,791 households, of which 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.0% were married couples living together, 14.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.2% were non-families. 33.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.96.
The median age in the city was 39 years. 24.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.1% were from 25 to 44; 27% were from 45 to 64; and 15.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.5% male and 52.5% female.
2000 census
As of the
There were 5,410 households, out of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.1% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.2% were non-families. 32.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.97.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.1% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $30,668, and the median income for a family was $39,440. Males had a median income of $31,631 versus $20,440 for females. The
Education
The city has a lending library, the Peru Public Library.[23]
Notable people
- Mary Newbury Adams, suffragist and education advocate[24]
- Richard Antrim, Medal of Honor recipient
- Alfred Bergman, former five-sport letterman at Notre Dame
- Arthur Bergman, football player and coach
- Arthur G. Elvin, engineer, businessman, and the former mayor of 2 New York cities[25]
- Frank Fetter, economist
- Albert Fredrick Ottomar Germann (1886–1976) and Frank Erhart Emmanuel Germann (1887–1974), physical chemists[26]
- Bob Gibbs, Former Congressman from Ohio
- International Circus Hall of Fame, actor
- Kyle Macy, former basketball player and coach; raised in Peru
- Keith O'Conner Murphy, singer and songwriter, member of the Rockabilly Hall of Fame[27][28]
- Ole Olsen, comedian and member of Olsen and Johnson
- B. J. Penn, briefly served as United States Secretary of the Navy in 2009
- Cole Porter, songwriter; born in Peru[29]
- Ralph Richeson, actor [30]
- Emil Schram, president of the New York Stock Exchange
- G. David Thompson (1899–1965), investment banker, industrialist, and modern art collector[31]
- Robert Edward Weaver, artist, professor emeritus Herron School of Art, Indianapolis
- Nancy Wilson-Pajic, artist, named Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters by the French Ministry of Culture
- John Ross Woodring, newspaper editor
- Carol Lou Woodward, pianist
- Amy Shuman, HR specialist, former cheerleader, and childhood friend of Jessica Alba
References
- ^ a b "2022 U.S. Gazetteer Files: Indiana". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 18, 2023.
- ^ a b c U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Peru, Indiana
- ^ a b "P1. Race – Peru city, Indiana: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved April 18, 2023.
- ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ a b Bodurtha, Arthur L. (1914). History of Miami County, Indiana. Chicago and New York: Lewis Publishing Company.
- ^ "History of Miami County (archived)". Miami County Tourism Office. Archived from the original on February 12, 2015. Retrieved August 22, 2015.
- ^ Clymer, Floyd. Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877–1925 (New York: Bonanza Books, 1950), p.57.
- ^ O'Neil, Time. "A Look Back • Airline hijacking at Lambert in 1972 turns bizarre". St. Louis Post Dispatch.
- ^ "The Free Lance-Star - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com.
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
- ISBN 9780738560717
- ^ "Peru Amateur Circus - The Circus Capital of the World!". www.peruamateurcircus.com.
- ^ Barry, Rey (1968). "Kind Rasputin". The Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Virginia, USA). http://www.freewarehof.org/manahans.html. Retrieved February 18, 2007.
- ^ "Grissom officials: Well tests show no chemical pollution". LIN Television Corporation. Associated Press. September 19, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2015.
- ^ "TIGERweb: Peru, Indiana". Geography Division, U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved April 18, 2023.
- ^ Wabash 1959 timetable, p. 4, 10 http://streamlinermemories.info/Eastern/Wabash59TT.pdf
- ^ Passenger trains operating on the eve of Amtrak http://ctr.trains.com/~/media/import/files/pdf/f/7/7/passenger_trains_operating_on_the_eve_of_amtrak.pdf
- ^ "Peru Amtrak Stop Lost In Routing". Logansport Pharos-Tribune. March 26, 1986. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Peru Municipal Airport". City of Peru, Indiana. Archived from the original on August 8, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 11, 2012.
- ^ "Indiana public library directory" (PDF). Indiana State Library. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ Knight, R. Cecilia. "Adams, Mary Newbury (or Newberry)". University of Iowa. Retrieved January 15, 2018.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 23, 2022.
- ISBN 9781532326172.
- ^ Peru Daily Tribune, June 30, 2012, front page
- ^ "Keith O'Connor Murphy". Rockabillyhall.com. Retrieved April 30, 2013.
- ^ "Cole Porter Is Dead; Songwriter Was 72". The New York Times. 1964. Retrieved September 21, 2011.
- ^ Barnes, Mike (October 28, 2015). "'Deadwood' Actor Ralph Richeson Dies at 63". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved November 21, 2015.
- ^ "Thompson, G. David". MetMuseum. Retrieved September 25, 2015.