Petronas
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|
Shipping services | |
Revenue | US$73.01 billion (2023)[3] |
---|---|
US$30.08 billion (2022) | |
US$17.15 billion (2023) | |
Total assets | US$164.40 billion (2023) [4] |
Total equity | US$94.28 billion (2023) |
Owner | Government of Malaysia |
Number of employees | 47,669 (2020)[5] |
Subsidiaries | See subsidiaries |
Website | www |
National Petroleum Limited (Malay: Petroliam Nasional Berhad), commonly known as Petronas (stylized in all caps), is a global Malaysian energy company with a presence in over 100 countries. Established in 1974, it is a legal entity incorporated under the Malaysian Companies Act and reports to the company's Board of Directors. The corporation is vested with all oil and gas resources in Malaysia and is entrusted with the responsibility of developing and adding value to these resources. In the annual Fortune Global 500 list for 2022, Petronas was ranked at 216th. It also ranked 48th globally in the 2020 Bentley Infrastructure 500.[6]
The
The group is engaged in a broad spectrum of petroleum activities, including
Petronas provides a substantial source of income for the Malaysian government, accounting for more than 15% of the government’s revenue from 2015 to 2020.[8]
The company is headquartered at Tower 1 of the Petronas Towers, located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
History
Before the formation of Malaysia, Royal Dutch Shell (now
Establishment with the Malaysian Government: 1970s
Several factors converged in the early 1970s to prompt the Malaysian government into setting up a state oil and gas company. In 1972, the oil price per barrel was US$1.50, which later rose to US$2.28 per barrel. War in the middle east and oil embargo by Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) had caused the price per barrel to rise until US$12.00, thus giving more incentives for Malaysia to set up her own oil company. Several countries such as United Arab Emirates, Egypt, and Indonesia have adopted the production sharing agreement instead of a concession system for oil revenue distribution. The Malaysian government also believed that foreign oil companies did not properly inform the government regarding the oil exploration activities in their own concessions (such as the new discovery of oil fields), thus resulted in a loss of revenue to the government. The formulation of Malaysian New Economic Policy in the early 1970s encourages Malaysians to take control of various modern industries and to open more economic opportunities for bumiputera (Malaysian natives).[11]
The former chief minister of Sarawak,
In 1974, the Petroleum Development Act was tabled in parliament and approved. Petronas was incorporated on 17 August 1974, and Tengku Razaleigh became its inaugural chairman. Initially, Exxon and Shell refused to surrender their concessions and refused to negotiate with Petronas. Petronas then served a notice to all foreign oil companies that after 1 April 1975, all the foreign oil companies would be operating illegally in Malaysian waters if they do not start negotiations with Petronas. After a few rounds of negotiations, foreign oil companies finally surrendered their concessions to Petronas. While all other oil-producing states in Malaysia signed the petroleum agreement,
Petronas first embarked on the oil exploration and production activities with the formation of Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd in 1978. In 1980, Petronas expanded its downstream businesses by setting up ASEAN Bintulu Fertiliser plant in Sarawak.[18]
Battling oil depletion: late 1980s
Oil exploration was by no means at an end and could yet produce more reserves. The Seligi field, which came onstream at the end of 1988 and was developed by Esso Production Malaysia, was one of the richest oilfields so far found in Malaysia waters, and further concessions to the majors would encourage exploration of the deeper waters around Malaysia, where unknown reserves could be discovered. Meanwhile, computerised seismography made it both feasible and commercially justifiable to re-explore fields which had been abandoned, or were assumed to be unproductive, over the past century. In 1990, Petronas invited foreign companies to re-explore parts of the sea off Sabah and Sarawak on the basis of new surveys using up-to-date techniques.
Another way to postpone depletion was to develop sources of oil, and of its substitute, natural gas, outside Malaysia. Late in 1989, the governments of
That project was on course to becoming a major element in the postponement of oil depletion. Contracts for line pipes for the second stage of the project were signed in 1989 with two consortia of Malaysian, Japanese, and Brazilian companies. This stage, completed in 1991, included the laying of 730 kilometers of pipeline through to the tip of the Peninsula, from where gas could be sold to Singapore and
Another new venture in 1990 was in ship-owning, since Petronas' existing arrangements with
of the United States did not negate the policy, for the subsidiary company Petronas Penapisan (Melaka) had a decisive 45% of equity while sharing the enormous costs of and gaining advanced technology for the project. More to the point, a side effect of the refinery's completion was that Petronas was able to refine all of the crude oil it produced, instead of being partially dependent on refining facilities in Singapore.Petronas, with its policies of promoting self-reliance, helping to develop associated industries, and varying the sources and uses of oil and gas, played an important role in the Malaysian economy as a whole. Under governments which—by current, if not historical, Western standards—were strongly interventionist, the contribution of oil taxes to the federal government's revenue hovered at around 12% to 16% until 1980, when it showed a marked increase to 23%, followed by another leap to 32% in 1981. From then until 1988 the proportion fluctuated between 29% and 36%. Petronas was not just another big oil company: it controlled a crucial sector of the economy and remained, for better or worse, an indispensable instrument of the state.
Global Expansion: 1990s–present
During the mid- to late 1990s, international exploration, development, and production remained key components in Petronas' strategy along with diversification. A key discovery was made in the Ruby field in Vietnam in 1994. That year, the firm also saw its first overseas production from the
In 1996, Petronas entered the aromatics market by way of a joint venture that created Aromatics Malaysia Sdn Bhd. It also formed a contract with
During 1997, Petronas heightened its diversification efforts. The firm set plans in motion to build three petrochemical plants in Kuantan as well as an acetic facility in Kerteh. Its first LPG joint venture in China was launched that year, and the company acquired a 29.3% interest in Malaysia International Shipping Corporation Berhad (MISC). In 1998, Petronas' tanker-related subsidiary merged with MISC, increasing Petronas' stake in MISC to 62%. That year, Petronas introduced the Petronas E01, the country's first commercial prototype engine. The company also signed a total of five new production sharing contracts (PSCs) in 1998 and 1999, and began oil production in the Sirri field in Iran.
Petronas entered the new century determined to expand its international efforts. The company forged deals for two new exploration plots in Pakistan and began construction on the Chad-Cameroon Integrated Oil Development and Pipeline Project. By 2002, Petronas had signed seven new PSCs and secured stakes in eight exploration blocks in eight countries, including Gabon, Cameroon, Niger, Egypt, Yemen, Indonesia, and Vietnam. The firm also made considerable progress in its petrochemicals strategy, opening new gas-based petrochemical facilities in Kerteh and Gebeng.
By 2003, Malaysia was set to usurp Algeria as the world's second-largest producer of LNG with the completion of the Malaysia LNG Tiga Plant. Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad commented on the achievement in a May 2003 Bernama News Agency article, claiming that "the Petronas LNG complex now serves as another shining example of a vision realized of a national aspiration, transformed into reality by the same belief among Malaysians that 'we can do it.'" Indeed, Petronas had transformed itself into a global oil company over the previous decade, becoming a national symbol for success. The company realized, however, that it would have to continue its aggressive growth strategy to ensure its survival in the years to come.
The Petronas overseas expansion drive continues with the acquisition of Woodside Energy Ltd Mauritania assets for $418 million in 2007.[19] The venture proved successful as they discovered oil in May 2008[20]
In 2004, Minister in the Prime Minister's Department, Datuk Mustapa Mohamed[citation needed], stated that Petronas contributed RM 25 Billion to the country's treasury accounting for 25% of revenue collected via dividends and other revenues. Petronas continued to focus on international exploration projects as 40% of revenue in 2008 was derived from international projects such as Iran, Sudan, Chad and Mauritania. The company's international reserves stood at 6.24 billion barrels oil equivalent in 2008.[21] On 9 April 2019, Petronas was praised for its role in the Sudanese oil and gas industry by Minister of Oil and Gas engineer Yagoub Adam Bashir Gamaa.[22]
On 29 October 2012, Petronas sources said it would renew a bid for gas producer, Progress Energy Resources after Canada blocked its bid earlier that month. The $6-billion bid was approved by Ottawa on 7 December 2012.[23]
On 17 January 2013, Petronas issued a statement that an onshore oil and gas discovery has been made in the state after drilling a test well about 20 kilometers away from the city of Miri in northern Sarawak. The well was found to have a net hydrocarbon thickness of 349 meters. It had flow rates of 440 barrels of crude oil per day and 11.5 million standard cubic feet of gas per day. The find is the first onshore oil discovery in Malaysia in 24 years. [24]
On 2 May 2015, Petronas completed its acquisition of oil and gas assets in Azerbaijan from Norway's Statoil (now Equinor) for US$2.25 billion.[25]
Plagued by the 2010s oil glut, Petronas reported on 26 February 2015 that it cut its 2015 capital expenditures budget after reporting a $2 billion fourth quarter loss, the company's first loss since it began reporting quarterly results five years ago.[26]
On 1 April 2017, Petronas' PFLNG Satu, is the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (LNG) facility, has achieved a new milestone with the successful loading of its first cargo at the Kanowit gas field, offshore Bintulu, Sarawak.[27]
On 25 July 2017, Petronas cancelled a $36-billion
Controversies
War crimes allegations in Sudan
In June 2010, the European Coalition on Oil in Sudan (ECOS)
In June 2010, the Swedish public prosecutor for international crimes opened a criminal investigation into links between Sweden and the reported crimes. In 2016, Lundin Petroleum's Chairman Ian Lundin and CEO Alex Schneiter were informed that they were the suspects of the investigation. Sweden's Government gave the green light for the Public Prosecutor in October 2018 to indict the two top executives[32] On 1 November 2018, and the Swedish Prosecution Authority notified Lundin Petroleum AB that the company might be liable to a corporate fine and forfeiture of economic benefits of SEK 3,285 million (app. €315 million) for involvement in war crimes and crimes against humanity.[33] Consequently, the company itself will also be charged, albeit indirectly, and will be legally represented in court. On 15 November 2018, the suspects were served with the draft charges and the case files.[34] They will be indicted for aiding and abetting international crimes and may face life imprisonment if found guilty.[35] The trial is likely to begin early in 2022 and may take two years.
The Swedish war crimes investigation raises the issue of access to remedy and reparation for victims of human rights violations linked with business activities. In May 2016, representatives of communities in Block 5A claimed their right to remedy and reparation and called upon PETRONAS and its shareholders to pay off their debt to them.[36] A conviction in Sweden may provide some level of remedy and reparation for the few victims of human rights violations who will testify in court, but not for the other 200,000 victims who will not be represented in court. The Swedish court cannot impose obligations upon PETRONAS.
On 23 May 2019, the T.M.C. Asser Institute for International Law in The Hague organized the conference 'Towards criminal liability of corporations for human rights violations: The Lundin case in Sweden'.[37]
The international standard for business and human rights, the UNGP, underlines the duty of business enterprises to contribute to effective remedy of the adverse impact that it has caused or contributed to.[38] The company has never publicly showed an interest in the adverse effects of its activities on the communities in its concession area. According to the Dutch peace organisation PAX, PETRONAS, Lundin Petroleum, OMV, as well as their shareholders are disregarding the human rights standards that they claim to respect, because they, A. never conducted appropriate due diligence for their Sudanese operations; B. made no effort to know their human rights impacts; and C. do not show how they address alleged adverse human rights impacts.[39]
PETRONAS Carigali Overseas Sdn Bhd, a wholly owned subsidiary of PETRONAS Group of Companies, held a 28.5% share in the consortium that acquired the right to explore and develop oil deposits in Block 5A. In 2003, Lundin Petroleum and OMV sold their interest following a public outcry about the role of the consortium in Sudan's oil war. PETRONAS picked up Lundin's 40.375% working interest for a cash payment of US$142.5 million.[40] As the operator of the consortium, Lundin Petroleum was responsible for day-to-day management. Still, it stood under the supervision of the Operating Committee, that exercised "overall direction and control of all matters pertaining to the Joint Operations and the Joint Property". PETRONAS was permanently represented in the Operating Committee and has never publicly distanced itself from any of its decisions.[41]
PETRONAS has never publicly responded to the allegations of negative impacts in Sudan or discussed the issue with local communities. The company is not known to have taken adequate measures to prevent involvement in human rights violations during the oil war or to undo the adverse impacts of its consortium's operations.
PETRONAS was a loyal participant in the consortium that operated in Block 5A and had a substantial say in the way it operated. Therefore, the suspicions against the consortium's top managers also concern PETRONAS. The company is wholly owned by the Malaysian State. According to the UN Guiding Principles, abuse of human rights by a business enterprise that is wholly or partially controlled by a State, may entail a violation of that State's own international law obligations.[42]
In early October 2021, the
2022 seizure of Luxembourg assets
In February 2022, a French arbitration court known as the
On 13 July, the Malaysian Government obtained a stay on the French court's ruling, with
In September 2022, the heirs asked the Hague Court of Appeal to recognize and enforce the award in the Netherlands, and allow them to seize Malaysian assets to this end.[56] They attempted to do the same in France and Luxembourg.[57]
In January 2023, a Luxembourg court reportedly set aside the heirs’ request to enforce the $15 billion arbitration award.[58] However, shortly after, a Luxembourg district court issued new orders to seize holdings and assets belonging to Petronas in mid-February.[59] Petronas has two holding companies in Luxembourg called Petronas Azerbaijan and Petronas South Caucasus which are related to the state-owned oil company's activities around the Caspian sea.[59] Petronas confirmed the new seizure order for the two units and their parent company, but reiterated the heirs' actions were baseless and that the company will continue to defend its legal position.[60]
On 14 March, the Paris Court of Appeal ruled that Sulu claimants’ challenge to a stay order filed by Malaysia last year was “inadmissible”.[59] The court handed another “decisive victory” to Malaysia on 4 June, when it found that the arbitral tribunal that had heard the petition filed by the Sulu heirs did not have jurisdiction over the case.[61] According to the Malaysian Law Minister, this judgment implied that the Paris Court of Appeal will also annual the $14.9 billion award handed down earlier.[61] On the other hand, the claimants said they would now consider their options before the French Supreme Court.[61]
On 27 June, Malaysia won another legal victory, with the Hague Court of Appeal dismissing a bid to enforce the $15 billion award.[62] According to Reuters, the Dutch judges sided with Malaysia, saying the original pact lacked a clause binding parties to arbitration and the French stay meant the claim was not enforceable in the Netherlands.[62] While lawyer Paul Cohen, acting for the Sulu heirs, said they were disappointed with the court decision, Malaysia’s Prime Minister, Anwar Ibrahim, welcomed the decision, stating, “Malaysia trusts that today’s decision ... will put an end to the frivolous attempts of the claimants to enforce the purported final award in other jurisdiction”.[62]
On 8 January 2023, it was announced that Gonzalo Stampa, the Spanish arbitrator who had awarded the arbitral sum against Malaysia, had been convicted of contempt of court for “knowingly disobeying rulings and orders from the Madrid High Court of Justice”, and sentenced to six months in prison.[63]
According to Law360, the Spanish courts’ decision to move ahead with criminal proceedings against Stampa is a significant “victory for the Malaysian government”.[64]
Corporate affairs
PETRONAS is a legal entity incorporated under the Malaysian Companies Act and reports to the company's Board of Directors. The Malaysian federal government is the sole shareholder of the company. Key positions in the company are all appointees from the federal government. The federal government also controls the amount of dividend payout to finance the yearly budget of the country.[65] In December 2019, prime minister Mahathir Mohamad mooted an idea of selling a percentage of PETRONAS stake to Sabah and Sarawak because the Pakatan Harapan government was unable to fulfill its promise of giving 20% oil royalty to both the states.[66] The price of the purchase was reported to be RM 8 billion for one percent of the company. Such proposal met cold response from Sarawak. This is because once the shares are bought, Sarawak can only become a minority shareholder. Sarawak therefore would not have much voice in the PETRONAS board meetings. Due to its high share price, the money, once invested, may have difficulty to break even in the future.[67] A lawmaker from Sarawak stated that PETRONAS acts as a trustee for the oil and gas fields in both the states; therefore, it makes no sense of buying a property that should have been already owned by the state governments.[68] The brand valuation of PETRONAS as of January 2021 was US$12 billion (RM 48 billion according to conversion rate of US$1.00 to RM 4.00).[69] Total stockholder equity as of February 2021 was US$82 billion (RM 328 billion).[70]
Production sharing contracts
Production-sharing contract (PSC) was signed between PETRONAS and other foreign oil companies in 1976. A ratio of 70:30 was agreed upon where for total amount of oil produced, other oil companies will take 20% of oil for cost recovery (cost oil), and the remaining 10% will be taken as oil royalty and shared equally between federal and respective state governments. The remaining 70% of oil (profit oil) will be divided again according to 70:30 formula where PETRONAS will take 70% and 30% goes to respective oil companies. Both PETRONAS and other oil companies will be subjected to 45% income tax by the federal government. Besides, 70% of any increase in oil price from the base price of US$12.72 will go to PETRONAS and the base price will increase by 5% each year so other oil companies will be able to cover for any cost inflation. In return, PETRONAS will not take over the equity of other oil companies. Each oil company will contribute 0.5% for a petroleum research fund.[71][72]
Another PSC (the deep-water model) was developed in 1985 to attract other oil companies to enter the Malaysian oil mining scene, while taking into account the rising cost of oil exploration (cost oil of 28%). Sharing of oil revenue become more flexible, depending upon the depth of the oil is found. The deeper the oil seeps (from 200 meters to more than 1 km), the higher the cost oil (50 to 75%). However, foreign oil companies will get higher share of profit oil (from 30 to 85%) in deep-water oil mining.[11]
In 1997, revenue over cost (R/C) model was adopted for PSC. PETRONAS will get higher share of profit oil as R/C ratio increases.[11] In the mean time, 10% oil royalty stays the same throughout the years. Overall, PETRONAS earns 13.3% on R/C model and 12.5% on deep-water model. Meanwhile, the federal government earns 37% in R/C model and 25% in deep-water model.[72]
Finances
PETRONAS has been publishing its financial reports online since 2008.[73][74] However, certain quarters demanded detailed profit and loss accounts and reports on PSCs with other companies for transparency instead of just providing a summary of profits before tax.[75][76][77] Responding to allegations of public funds mismanagement, PETRONAS responded that its profits are managed by the Malaysian federal government, not by the company itself.[78]
In 2007, PETRONAS revenue come from petroleum exports from Malaysia (50%), domestic operations (20%) and international operations (30%).[79] The weightage of the revenue streams were similar in 2020, where international operations accounted for 33% of total revenue received by PETRONAS.[80]
PETRONAS continuously provides the Malaysian government dividends from its profits. Since its inception in 1974, PETRONAS have paid the government RM 403.3 billion, with RM 67.6 billion in 2008. The payment represents 44% of the 2008 federal government revenue.[81] PETRONAS paid RM 54 billion in dividends to the federal government in 2019. In 2022, PETRONAS contributed RM 50 billion to the federal government.[82]
Corporate identity
PETRONAS's logo was created in 1974 by Dato Johan Ariff of Johan Design Associates.[83] He is also responsible in creating logos for other PETRONAS subsidiaries, JVs, link-companies and properties, including Kuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC), MISC, MMHE, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Putrajaya Holdings, Prince Court Medical Centre (PCMC), PETLIN, Malaysian Petroleum Club and Mesra Mall.
In 2013, PETRONAS introduced a refreshed version of its corporate logo[84] at the 2013 Asia Oil and Gas Conference (AOGC 2013).
Subsidiaries
PETRONAS has more than 100 subsidiaries and around 40 Joint Venture companies in which PETRONAS has at least 50% stake in the company. Although PETRONAS is considering to listing more of its subsidiaries,[85] so far the company has listed at least 3 of its subsidiaries in the Bursa Malaysia.
PETRONAS Dagangan Berhad
Involved in the distribution and sale of finished petroleum products and operations of service stations for the domestic market. The company has over 800 petrol stations around Malaysia as of July 2007,[86] and further increased to 870 stations in January 2008.[87]
The company has also teamed up with local food and beverage companies, banks and transportation companies to provide better services at their petrol stations. Companies include
.PETRONAS Gas Berhad
Involved in the provision of gas processing and transmission services to PETRONAS and its customers as a throughput company. Owns and operates the
MISC Berhad
Involved in ship-owning, ship-operating and other logistics and maritime transportation services and activities. Currently has the largest fleet of LNG transport vessels
KLCC Properties Berhad
Involves in the development and the management of the Kuala Lumpur City Centre project which includes the
PETRONAS Chemicals
The PETRONAS Chemicals is the latest company to be publicly listed. The IPO was done on 26 November 2010 with investor raise around US$4.40 billion, effectively becoming one of the largest IPO exercises in South East Asia.[88]
The business is the largest petrochemical producer and seller in South East Asia. Products include
In 2022, the company acquired Swedish specialty plastics company Perstorp from PAI Partners for €2.3 billion.[90][91]
Malaysian Marine and Heavy Engineering
MMHE was listing on 29 October 2010 with MYR 1 billion raised on its IPO exercise.
The business builds offshore structures for oil and gas applications, help repair large vessels and converts vessels into Floating production storage and offloading and FSOs.[92]
Other principal subsidiaries
Some of the key subsidiaries are:-
- PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd – Main Hydrocarbon exploration arm
- E&P O&M Services Sdn Bhd (EPOMS) – Main Oil & Gas Maintenance Services – Cendor Phase 2 FPSO project, Bertam, Sepat, Layang, Gumusut-Kakap
- PETRONAS Carigali Overseas Sdn Bhd – Hydrocarbon exploration arm aimed at finding new blocks in international areas
- PETRONAS Research Sdn Bhd – Conducting research and development
- MITCO Sdn Bhd – International Trading of non-oil assets
- PETRONAS Fertiliser Kedah – Creating urea fertiliser
- PETRONAS Methanol (Labuan) Sdn. Bhd. (PMLSB)– Methanol plant
Others include PETRONAS Assets Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Maritime Services Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Selenia (OEM Oil for FCA, AREXONS); PETRONAS Trading Corp. Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Argentina S.A.; PETRONAS Australia Pty Ltd.; PETRONAS Thailand Co. Ltd.; PETRONAS Energy Philippines Inc.; PETRONAS Cambodia Co. Ltd.; PETRONAS Technical Services Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Group Technical Solutions Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS South Africa Pty Ltd.; PETRONAS India Holdings Company Pte Ltd.; PETRONAS China Co. Ltd.; PETRONAS International Corp. Ltd.; PETRONAS Marketing Thailand Co. Ltd.; Myanmar PETRONAS Trading Co. Ltd.; PETRONAS Canada; PETRONAS Marketing (Netherlands) B.V. and Indianoil PETRONAS
Commercial automotive and motorcycle partnerships
PETRONAS is an official recommended flagship fuel and lubricants for
Motorsport
Car racing
PETRONAS was one of the main
PETRONAS also sponsors many other sporting events and teams, mostly motorsports. Some of these sponsorships include the PERT (PETRONAS EON Rally Team), and also the PETRONAS Adventure Team, a 4X4 adventure team. More recently PETRONAS was also a major sponsor for PETRONAS TOYOTA TEAM TOM'S which was participating in Super GT series, which they won the team title in 2008 and driver title in 2009. The series also raced in Malaysia every season at Sepang International Circuit between 2005 and 2013. PETRONAS signed a three-year sponsorship agreement with Yamaha MotoGP team. The PETRONAS branding can be seen starting Qatar race on the 10 to 12 April 2009. PETRONAS also sponsors all Mercedes-AMG DTM cars from the 2011 season until Mercedes' DTM exit in 2018 (replacing Mobil 1) for only providing the lubricants.
Since 2010, PETRONAS has been the main sponsor of the
Motorcycle racing
In 1996, PETRONAS sponsored a Grand Prix motorcycle racing team called PETRONAS Sprinta TVK in the 250cc class with Yamaha as the manufacturer. The team got a wildcard opportunity at the Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix with Shahrol Yuzy as its rider. In the following season in 1997, the team received another wildcard and raced in the 125cc class. This time Honda was chosen as the manufacturer. Then two seasons later, PETRONAS Sprinta TVK returned to the 250cc class. From 2000 to 2002, the team competed for a full season in the 250cc class on Yamaha bikes.[95]
PETRONAS also sponsors the
Since
In 2022, PETRONAS returned as a team sponsor in Moto2 with their wildcard riders Kasma Daniel in the PETRONAS MIE Racing team and Azroy Anuar with the PETRONAS RW Racing team. Both riders compete in the Malaysian series.
From
As part of its corporate social responsibility programme, PETRONAS also brings underprivileged children to watch the races.
Automotive manufacturers
Petronas once developed its own race bike. Initially, this racing bike will be fielded in the WorldSBK racing event. The desire began in
Petronas is working with MSX International in the UK to make 75 units of the road version of the FP1. The remaining 75 units are made by Modenas, a Malaysian motorcycle brand. In terms of specifications, this bike is quite powerful. It uses an in-line 3-cylinder engine, DOHC, 4 valves per cylinder, with a capacity of 899.5 cc, and liquid-cooled. The engine produces 127.4 tk of power at 10,000 rpm and 92 Nm of torque at 9,700 rpm.
Petronas had formed the Foggy Petronas Racing team to compete in WorldSBK. The team is led by Carl Fogarty, a former legendary WorldSBK rider. For the riders, Troy Corser, Chris Walker, and Garry McCoy were selected.
However, during the 5 years the team competed in WorldSBK, Petronas FP1 was less competitive. One of the reasons was the change in regulations in 2003. Previously, 3-cylinder engines were limited to 900 cc. But, it was revised to 1,000 cc. Thus, the Petronas FP1 engine was quite defeated in terms of power. It was also not uncommon for the bike to experience technical problems. Even so, the bike made it to the podium three times. One of them was achieved by Walker when he finished third in the 2004 Valencia WorlsSBK. Corser has also achieved pole position twice.
The project was eventually discontinued in 2006 by Fogarty and Petronas. Until now, the road version of the Petronas FP1 has also been a question mark. Because, the motorcycle is difficult to detect its whereabouts now.[96]
WorldSBK constructors
By season results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Year | Bike | Team | Tyres | No. | Riders | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | Points | RC | Points | MC | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R2 | ||||||||||
2003
|
Petronas FP1 | Foggy Petronas Racing | P | 4 | Troy Corser | SPA Ret |
SPA 7 |
AUS 5 |
AUS 8 |
JPN Ret |
JPN 12 |
ITA 13 |
ITA Ret |
GER 12 |
GER 14 |
GBR 16 |
GBR Ret |
SMR 7 |
SMR 10 |
USA 8 |
USA Ret |
GBR Ret |
GBR Ret |
NED 6 |
NED 9 |
ITA 7 |
ITA 7 |
FRA 8 |
FRA Ret |
12th | 107 | 118 | 4th | ||||
8 | James Haydon | SPA 12 |
SPA Ret |
AUS 15 |
AUS 16 |
JPN 9 |
JPN Ret |
ITA Ret |
ITA Ret |
GER Ret |
GER DNS |
GBR |
GBR |
SMR |
SMR |
USA Ret |
USA Ret |
GBR 17 |
GBR Ret |
NED DNS |
NED DNS |
ITA Ret |
ITA Ret |
FRA Ret |
FRA Ret |
26th | 12 | ||||||||||
2004
|
Petronas FP1 | Foggy Petronas Racing | P | 4 | Troy Corser | SPA Ret |
SPA 11 |
AUS 13 |
AUS 5 |
SMR 2 |
SMR 7 |
ITA 9 |
ITA 5 |
GER 4 |
GER Ret |
GBR 7 |
GBR 9 |
USA 10 |
USA Ret |
EUR 5 |
EUR Ret |
NED 10 |
NED 7 |
ITA 12 |
ITA 10 |
FRA Ret |
FRA 7 |
9th | 146 | 200 | 3rd | ||||||
9 | Chris Walker | ESP 3 |
ESP 7 |
AUS 10 |
AUS 8 |
SMR 6 |
SMR 13 |
ITA 8 |
ITA 7 |
GER Ret |
GER 7 |
GBR Ret |
GBR 12 |
USA Ret |
USA Ret |
GBR 9 |
GBR 4 |
NED 12 |
NED 10 |
ITA Ret |
ITA 16 |
FRA 8 |
FRA 8 |
11th | 128 | ||||||||||||
2005
|
Petronas FP1 | Foggy Petronas Racing | P | 24 | Garry McCoy | QAT 17 |
QAT 16 |
AUS Ret |
AUS Ret |
SPA Ret |
SPA Ret |
ITA Ret |
ITA 21 |
EUR Ret |
EUR 13 |
SMR Ret |
SMR Ret |
CZE Ret |
CZE DNS |
GBR 18 |
GBR Ret |
NED 13 |
NED 12 |
GER 11 |
GER Ret |
ITA DNS |
ITA C |
FRA |
FRA |
15 | 22nd | 48 | 6th | ||||
99 | Steve Martin | QAT 15 |
QAT Ret |
AUS Ret |
AUS Ret |
SPA Ret |
SPA 17 |
ITA Ret |
ITA Ret |
EUR Ret |
EUR 20 |
SMR 11 |
SMR 8 |
CZE 17 |
CZE 16 |
GBR 15 |
GBR Ret |
NED 14 |
NED 16 |
GER 18 |
GER 9 |
ITA 5 |
ITA C |
FRA Ret |
FRA DNS |
35 | 18th | ||||||||||
2006
|
Petronas FP1 | Foggy Petronas Racing | P | 18 | Craig Jones | QAT Ret |
QAT Ret |
AUS Ret |
AUS 21 |
SPA 22 |
SPA 25 |
ITA Ret |
ITA Ret |
EUR Ret |
EUR DNS |
SMR 21 |
SMR 21 |
CZE 17 |
CZE 21 |
GBR Ret |
GBR Ret |
NED Ret |
NED Ret |
GER 18 |
GER 13 |
ITA 17 |
ITA Ret |
FRA 17 |
FRA Ret |
27th | 3 | 19 | 6th | ||||
99 | Steve Martin | QAT 18 |
QAT 18 |
AUS 14 |
AUS 15 |
SPA Ret |
SPA 15 |
ITA Ret |
ITA Ret |
EUR Ret |
EUR Ret |
SMR Ret |
SMR 17 |
CZE Ret |
CZE 19 |
GBR 17 |
GBR 16 |
NED 12 |
NED 11 |
GER 14 |
GER 12 |
ITA Ret |
ITA 16 |
FRA Ret |
FRA Ret |
21st | 19 |
Education
PETRONAS bestows educational sponsorships in the form of convertible loans upon both Malaysian and international students, facilitating their pursuit of higher education at local or overseas universities. Overseeing educational matters is the Sponsorship & Talent Sourcing Unit (STS), an arm of PETRONAS. These sponsorships are granted based on academic accomplishments, extracurricular involvements, family background, and an evaluation of the student's character (assessed through the EduCamp program, mandatory for all aspiring PETRONAS scholars). Upon successful completion of their tertiary studies, scholars absorbed into PETRONAS have their convertible loans transformed into comprehensive scholarships. These scholars are contractually obliged to serve the company for a period of two years for each year of sponsorship. PETRONAS has its own research university, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP). Built in 1997, the campus is located in Seri Iskandar, Perak.
See also
References
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{{cite web}}
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External links
- Official website (in English)