Philip (husband of Berenice I of Egypt)

Philip (Greek: Φίλιππος, died c. 318 BC) was a Greek Macedonian nobleman who lived during the 4th century BC.

Early life

Philip was the son of Amyntas by an unnamed mother.

phalanx at the Battle of the Granicus in May 334 BC.^[3] His name does not subsequently appear in the campaigns of Alexander, but can be at least distinctly identified.^[4]

Based on information provided by Plutarch (Pyrrhus 4.4), before Philip married Berenice he was already married and had children from those marriages.^[5] The identities of his first wife and children are unknown.

Marriage to Berenice I

In c. 325 BC, Philip married Berenice I as her first husband.^[6] Pausanias (1.7.1), criticises his marriage to Berenice I and describes him as "a Macedonian but of no note and of lowly origin". The ancient sources don’t say anything else about him and there is no evidence against this.^[7] Philip must have been a nobleman of some social status and influence as he married the great-niece of the powerful Regent Antipater and the grandchild of Antipater’s brother Cassander.^[8]

Berenice bore Philip three children:

Son, Magas^[9]
Daughter, Antigone^[10]
Daughter, Theoxena^[11]

Death

Philip died of unknown causes. After his death, Berenice and her children travelled to Egypt, where they were a part of the entourage of Berenice’s second maternal cousin Eurydice. Eurydice was then the wife of Ptolemy I Soter. By 317 BC, Berenice married Ptolemy I and became the queen mother of the Ptolemaic dynasty.

As a posthumous honour to Philip, his son Magas, when he served as a priest of the Greek God Apollo, had dedicated an honorific inscription proudly naming him as "the eponymous priest" and "Magas, son of Philip".^[12]