Philippe Hecquet

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Philippe Hecquet
Born11 February 1661
Abbeville, France
Died11 April 1737 (1737-04-12) (aged 76)
Paris, France
Occupation(s)Physician, writer

Philippe Hecquet (11 February 1661 – 11 April 1737) was a French physician and vegetarianism activist.

Biography

Hecquet obtained his M.D. from Reims in 1684.[1] In 1688, he moved to Port-Royal-des-Champs, where he succeeded Jean Hamon, as physician.[2] He spent much time helping the poor. In 1697, he became Doctor at University of Paris and received the official hat after an examination of "rare success".[2] The Faculty named him Docteur-Régent and he was appointed as Professor of Materia Medica. In 1712, he was named Dean of the Faculty.[2]

Hecquet was an ascetic, Cartesian mechanist and vegetarian.[3] He was influenced by Porphyry. Hecquet was concerned with health from a diet perspective and campaigned against the consumption of meat, stating it interfered with digestion and circulation of the blood.[3] Hecquet noted how the rich often consumed much expensive meat, spicy sauces and strong wine which was bad for health.[4] He argued that such a diet was difficult for the body to digest and impaired the elasticity of the fluid-bearing organs.[4] He stated that if flesh was to be eaten it should only be fish.[4] He believed that fruits, grains, nuts and seeds should replace meat. Hecquet was a Jansenist Catholic and promoted a "theological medicine".[5] He argued that the Garden of Eden depicted a vegetarian regime.[3]

Hecquet argued that all physiological processes could be reduced to simple mechanisms. He developed a digestive theory of "trituration" which emphasized the grinding action of mastication and peristalsis of muscle walls of the stomach.[6] Hecquet believed fish and vegetables are superior to meat because their composition is easily broken down by trituration.[6]

Hecquet has been described as "one of the first systematic proponents of vegetarianism".[7] Historian Ken Albala credits Hecquet for making the first scientific defense of a vegetarian diet.[8]

Selected publications

See also

References

  1. ^ Osler, William. (1987). Bibliotheca Osleriana: A Catalogue of Books Illustrating the History of Medicine and Science Collected, Arranged, and Annotated. McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 262
  2. ^ a b c Williams, Howard. (1896). The Ethics of Diet. London. pp. 314-318
  3. ^
  4. ^
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  6. ^ Moulin, Léo. (2002). Eating and Drinking in Europe: A Cultural History. Mercatorfonds. p. 54