2013 Philippine House of Representatives elections

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2013 Philippine House of Representatives elections
Philippines
← 2010 May 13, 2013 (2013-05-13) 2016 →
All 293 seats to the House of Representatives of the Philippines
147 seats needed for a majority
Congressional district elections
Party % Seats +/–
Liberal

37.56 109 +62
NPC

17.08 42 +13
UNA

11.17 8 +8
NUP

8.55 24 +24
Nacionalista

8.41 18 −7
Lakas

5.24 14 −92
Bukidnon Paglaum

0.36 1 +1
Kambilan

0.34 1 +1
KABAKA

0.34 1 0
Unang Sigaw

0.34 1 +1
KBL

0.34 1 0
UNEGA

0.33 1 +1
LDP

0.32 2 0
Kusug Agusanon

0.25 1 +1
CDP

0.24 1 +1
PPPL

0.20 1 +1
Akbayan

 0.12 1 +1
Magdiwang

0.08 1 0
Independent

5.92 6 −1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Party-list election
Party % Seats +/–
Buhay

 4.59 3 +1
A TEACHER

 3.77 2 0
Bayan Muna

3.45 2 0
1-CARE

3.38 2 0
Akbayan

2.99 2 0
Abono

 2.77 2 0
Ako Bikol

 2.76 2 −1
OFW Family Club

2.72 2 +2
Gabriela

2.58 2 0
Senior Citizens

 2.45 2 0
Coop-NATCCO

2.32 2 0
AGAP

 2.14 2 +1
CIBAC

2.11 2 0
Magdalo

 2.05 2 +2
An Waray

1.95 2 0
Abante Mindanao

1.68 1 0
ACT Teachers

 1.64 1 0
Butil

1.59 1 0
Anak Mindanao

1.38 1 +1
ACT-CIS

 1.36 1 +1
Kalinga

1.34 1 0
LPGMA

1.34 1 0
TUCP

1.33 1 0
YACAP

1.32 1 0
Agri-Agra

1.32 1 +1
Angkla

1.30 1 +1
ABS

1.30 1 0
DIWA

1.23 1 0
Kabataan

1.23 1 0
Anakpawis

1.16 1 0
Alay Buhay

1.15 1 0
AAMBIS-Owa

1.13 1 0
SAGIP

 1.04 1 +1
AVE

0.98 1 0
Ating Koop

0.97 1 0
Abang Lingkod

0.94 1 +1
1BAP

0.89 1 +1
Abakada Guro

0.88 1 +1
Ang Mata'y Alagaan

0.88 1 +1
Ang Nars

0.88 1 +1
ANAC IP

0.87 1 +1
Agbiag

0.87 1 0
APPEND

0.85 1 +1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
District election results; results for Metro Manila is magnified at the top right.
Speaker before Speaker after
Feliciano Belmonte Jr.
Liberal		 Feliciano Belmonte Jr.
Liberal

The 2013 Philippine House of Representatives elections were the 33rd lower house elections in the Philippines. They were held on May 13, 2013 to elect members to the House of Representatives of the Philippines that would serve in the 16th Congress of the Philippines from June 30, 2013 to June 30, 2016.

The Philippines uses

election threshold computed via a modified Hare quota
(3-seat cap and no remainders) on 58 seats, with parties with less than 1% of the first preference vote winning one seat each if 20% of the party-list seats are not filled up. Major parties are not allowed to participate in the party-list election.

While the concurrent Senate election features the two major coalitions in Team PNoy and the United Nationalist Alliance (UNA), the constituent parties of the coalitions contested the lower house election separately, and in some districts, candidates from the same coalition in the Senate are contesting a single seat. Campaigns for the House of Representatives are done on a district-by-district basis; there is no national campaign conducted by the parties. No matter the election result, the party of the president usually controls the House of Representatives, via a grand coalition of almost all parties. Only the ruling Liberal Party can win a majority, as it is the only party to put up candidates in a majority of seats.

After release of preliminary results, the Liberal Party emerged as the largest party in the chamber. Its coalition partners also held most of their seats. Incumbent Speaker

Feliciano Belmonte, Jr.
was easily reelected as the Speaker of the 16th Congress.

Electoral system

The election for seats in the House of Representatives is done via

party-list system. A candidate is not allowed to stand for both ballots, and parties participating in the district elections would have to ask for permission on the Commission on Elections
, with major parties not allowed to participate in the party-list election.

Election via the districts

Each district sends one representative to the House of Representatives, with the winner with the

highest number of votes
winning that district's seat. The representatives from the districts comprise at most 80% of the seats.

Election via the party-list system

In the party-list system, the parties contesting the election represent a sector, or several sectors, or an ethnic group. In determining the winners, the entire country is treated as one "district". Each party that surpasses the 2%

election threshold automatically wins one seat, they can win an additional number of seats in proportion to the number of votes they received, but they can't have more than three seats. The representatives elected via the party-list system, also known as "sectoral representatives" should comprise at least 20% of the seats. However, since the winners from the parties that surpass the 2% threshold had not reached the 20% quota ever since the party-list system was instituted, the parties that received less than 1% of the first preference vote are given one seat each until the 20% quota has been filled up.[1]

Campaigning

The parties contesting the district elections campaign at the district level; there is no national-level campaigning. While no party has been able to win a majority of seats in the House of Representatives since the 1987 elections, the party of the incumbent president had usually controlled the chamber in the phenomenon known locally as the "

patronage politics, with other parties aligning themselves with the president's policies in exchange for pork barrel
and future political favors.

While the parties contesting the Senate election grouped themselves into two major electoral alliances (Team PNoy and the United Nationalist Alliance), the constituent parties of those alliances separately contested the elections to the House of Representatives. However, as stated above, the parties will again coalesce once the 16th Congress of the Philippines convenes.

Redistricting

Reapportioning (redistricting) the number of seats is either via national reapportionment after the release of every census, or via piecemeal redistricting for every province or city. National reapportionment has not happened since the 1987 constitution took effect, and aside from piecemeal redistricting, the apportionment was based on the ordinance from the constitution, which was in turn based from the 1980 census.

These are the following laws pertaining to redistricting that were passed by Congress. While a locality that has a minimum of 250,000 people is constitutionally entitled to one district representative, Congress should enact a law in order for it to take effect. The creation of new districts may be politically motivated, in order to prevent political allies (or even opponents) from contesting one seat.

Bukidnon, Cotabato, Palawan and Quezon City received additional representatives in the upcoming Congress.

House Bill No. District(s) Current Proposed Note Status
4111 Cotabato 2 3 Signed into law - RA 10177[2]
4245 Quezon City–2nd 1 3 Quezon City-2nd to be split into three districts. Signed into law - RA 10170[3]
5236[4] Bukidnon 3 4 Signed into law - RA 10184[5]
5608 Palawan-2nd 1 2
Aborlan
to be separated from Palawan-2nd.		 Signed into law - RA 10171[6]
Potential new districts 16 Approved new districts 5

The number of new legislative districts may also increase the seats allocated for party-list representatives: for every five new legislative districts, one seat for a party-list representative is also created.

Marginal seats

These are seats where the winning margin was 3% or less, politicians may choose to run under a different political party as compared to 2010. This excludes districts where the nearest losing candidate or that candidate's party is not contesting the election, or districts that were redistricted.

District 2010 Winner Political party on 2010 election day Current
political party		 2013 opponent Political party 2010 margin 2013 result
Biliran Rogelio Espina Nacionalista Liberal Glenn Chong PMP 0.45% Liberal hold
Camarines Sur–5th Salvio Fortuno Nacionalista Liberal Emmanuel Alfelor NPC 0.62% Liberal hold
Batanes
Dina Abad
 Liberal Liberal Carlo Oliver Diasnes
Independent
 1.06% Liberal hold
Mountain Province Maximo Dalog
Lakas–Kampi
 Liberal Jupiter Dominguez UNA 1.54% Liberal hold
Surigao del Norte–2nd Guillermo Romarate, Jr.
Lakas–Kampi
 Liberal
Robert Ace Barbers
 Nacionalista 1.64% Liberal hold
Manila–6th Sandy Ocampo Liberal Liberal
Benny M. Abante
 UNA 1.81% Liberal hold
Zamboanga Sibugay–2nd
Romeo Jalosjos, Jr.
 Nacionalista Nacionalista Dulce Ann Hofer Liberal 1.85% Liberal gain from Nacionalista
Isabela–2nd Ana Cristina Go Nacionalista Nacionalista Edgar Uy Liberal 1.93% Nacionalista hold
Cagayan de Oro–1st Jose Benjamin Benaldo PMP Nacionalista Rolando Uy Liberal 2.03% Liberal gain from Nacionalista
Bataan–1st Herminia Roman
Lakas–Kampi
 Liberal Enrique T. Garcia NUP 2.53% Liberal hold
Northern Samar–2nd Emil Ong
Lakas–Kampi
 NUP Ramp Nielsen Uy Liberal 2.67% NUP hold
Batangas–3rd Nelson Collantes PMP Liberal Victoria Hernandez-Reyes Nacionalista 2.78% Liberal hold
Cotabato–2nd Nancy Catamco
Lakas–Kampi
 Liberal
Bernardo Piñol, Jr.
Independent
 2.88% Redistricted; Liberal hold
Zamboanga del Norte–2nd Rosendo Labadlabad Liberal Liberal Rolando Yebes NUP 2.93% Liberal hold

Retiring and term-limited incumbents

Main article: Retiring and term-limited incumbents in the 2013 Philippine House of Representatives election

These are the incumbents who are not running for a seat in the House of Representatives, and are not term limited:

Defeated incumbents

District Party Incumbent Winner Party Notes
Bacolod
Independent
 Anthony Golez, Jr. Evelio Leonardia NPC Golez is an NPC member running as an independent.
Baguio UNA Bernardo Vergara Nicasio Aliping
Independent
Batangas–1st Liberal Tomas Apacible Eileen Ermita-Buhain Nacionalista Apacible defeated Ermita-Buhain's father Eduardo in the 2010 general election.
Bukidnon–1st NPC Jesus Emmanuel Paras Maria Lourdes Acosta Liberal Paras defeated Acosta's mother Socorro in the 2010 general election.
Cagayan de Oro–1st Nacionalista Jose Benjamin Benaldo Rolando Uy Liberal Benaldo beat Uy's son Rainier in the 2010 general election.
Caloocan–2nd Nacionalista Mitzi Cajayon Edgar Erice Liberal
Cebu–2nd NUP Pablo P. Garcia Wilfredo Caminero Liberal Garcia is one of the deputy speakers.
Iloilo–2nd UNA Augusto Syjuco, Jr. Arcadio Gorriceta Liberal
Laguna–3rd Liberal Maria Evita Agaro Sol Aragones UNA
Lanao del Sur–1st
Independent
 Hussein Pangandaman Ansaruddin Adiong Liberal
Marinduque NUP
Lord Allan Jay Velasco
Regina Ongsiako Reyes
 Liberal Velasco beat Reyes' brother Edmundo in the 2010 general election.
Misamis Occidental–2nd Liberal Loreto Leo Ocampos Henry Oaminal Nacionalista
Northern Samar–1st Liberal Raul Daza Harlin Abayon Nacionalista Daza is one of the deputy speakers. It was the closest House race with a margin of victory of 52 votes.
Pampanga–3rd NPC Aurelio Gonzales, Jr. Oscar Rodriguez Liberal
Sulu–2nd NPC Nur Ana Sahidulla Maryam Arbison Liberal
Tarlac–3rd NUP Jeci Lapus Noel Villanueva Nacionalista
Zambales–2nd Sulong Zambales Jun Omar Ebdane Cheryl Delloso-Montalla Liberal Ebdane beat Delloso-Montalla in the
2012 special election
.
Zamboanga Sibugay–2nd Nacionalista Romeo Jalosjos, Jr. Dulce Ann Hofer Liberal Jalosjos defeated Hofer's brother George in the 2010 general election.

Open seat gains

*Kaka Bag-ao is a party–list representative for Akbayan who ran in Dinagat Islands district under the Liberal Party and won.

Results

2013 Philippine House district elections chart of votes (inner ring) compared to seats won (outer ring).

District elections

Only the Liberal Party can win the election outright by placing candidates in a majority of seats. With 292 seats, including seats reserved for sectoral representatives, 147 seats are needed for a majority, and only the Liberal Party is contesting more than 150 seats.

The Liberal Party did win a near majority of the district seats. They are expected to form a coalition with other

Lakas-CMD is expected to form the minority bloc anew, while the United Nationalist Alliance
and left-leaning representatives may join either bloc.

A total of six independents won, one less than in 2010.

The vote totals below were collected from the results displayed from the COMELEC's "Transparency" server. These are partial and unofficial. The seats won are the ones which had been officially proclaimed by the COMELEC.

Partido ng Manggagawa at Magsasaka
10,3960.04−2.590−1
Partido Lakas ng Masa10,1960.04New00
Makabayan3,8700.01New00
Ompia Party1,6820.01New00
Democratic Party of the Philippines1,0710.00New00
Independent1,665,3245.92−0.936−1
Party-list seats[a]59+2
Total28,107,721100.00–293+7
Valid votes28,107,72170.02−19.45
Invalid/blank votes12,036,48629.98+19.45
Total votes40,144,207––
Registered voters/turnout52,014,64877.18+2.84
  1. ^ Originally, only 58 seats were up in the party-list election. An additional seat was then seated, then two seats were ultimately not seated until the end of the congressional term.
Vote share
Liberal
 
 37.56%
NPC
 
 17.08%
UNA
 
 11.17%
NUP
 
 8.55%
Nacionalista
 
 8.41%
Lakas
 
 5.24%
Others
 
 15.53%
Congressional district seats
Liberal
 
 46.58%
NPC
 
 17.95%
UNA
 
 3.42%
NUP
 
 10.26%
Nacionalista
 
 7.69%
Lakas
 
 5.98%
Others
 
 8.12%

Party-list election

Main article:
2013 Philippine House of Representatives election (party-list)
Politics of the Philippines
Government
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Constitutional commissions
Elections
Political parties
Administrative divisions
Related topics
flag Philippines portal

The

Commission on Elections was supposed to release results for the party-list election along with the results for the Senate election; however, the commission suspended the release of results after questions of whether to include votes for the twelve disqualified parties, although not with finality, were to be included or not.[7] Canvassing of results for the party-list election resumed on May 19 after the 12 senators-elect were already proclaimed, with the commission meeting to determine on what to do with the votes of the twelve disqualified parties.[8] On May 22, the commission announced that they will proclaim the winning parties, but not the number of seats.[9]

PartyVotes%+/–Seats+/–
Alagad
27,8830.10−0.680−1
Alliance for Philippines Security Guards Cooperative27,4000.10+0.0400
Kababaihang Lingkod Bayan sa Pilipinas24,3690.09−0.0900
1-Abilidad21,9000.08+0.0700
Alyansa Lumad Mindanao19,3810.07+0.0100
Total27,687,240100.00–59+3
Valid votes27,687,24068.97−9.91
Invalid/blank votes12,456,96731.03+9.91
Total votes40,144,207––
Registered voters/turnout52,982,17375.77+1.43
Source: COMELEC tally winning parties 1 2 3; Supreme Court: Abang Lingkod, Senior Citizens

Details

Region Details Seats won per party Total seats
Lakas
 Liberal Nacionalista NPC NUP UNA Others & ind.
I
Elections
1 / 12
2 / 12
2 / 12
6 / 12
0 / 12
 —
1 / 12
12 / 292
II
Elections
 —
2 / 10
2 / 10
4 / 10
2 / 10
0 / 10
0 / 10
10 / 292
III
Elections
1 / 21
8 / 21
2 / 21
3 / 21
4 / 21
0 / 21
3 / 21
21 / 292
IV–A
Elections
3 / 23
10 / 23
1 / 23
5 / 23
3 / 23
1 / 23
0 / 23
23 / 292
IV–B
Elections
0 / 8
4 / 8
1 / 8
1 / 8
1 / 8
0 / 8
1 / 8
8 / 292
V
Elections
4 / 16
6 / 16
1 / 16
3 / 16
2 / 16
0 / 16
0 / 16
16 / 292
VI
Elections
0 / 18
10 / 18
0 / 18
3 / 18
2 / 18
1 / 18
2 / 18
18 / 292
VII
Elections
1 / 16
8 / 16
1 / 16
4 / 16
1 / 16
1 / 16
0 / 16
16 / 292
VIII
Elections
1 / 12
7 / 12
1 / 12
1 / 12
2 / 12
0 / 12
0 / 12
12 / 292
IX
Elections
 —
4 / 9
2 / 9
1 / 9
0 / 9
0 / 9
2 / 9
9 / 292
X
Elections
 —
6 / 14
2 / 14
4 / 14
0 / 14
0 / 14
2 / 14
14 / 292
XI Elections
1 / 11
6 / 11
2 / 11
0 / 11
2 / 11
 —
0 / 11
11 / 292
XII
Elections
 —
2 / 8
 —
2 / 8
1 / 8
1 / 8
2 / 8
8 / 292
Caraga
Elections
1 / 9
6 / 9
0 / 9
0 / 9
2 / 9
0 / 9
0 / 9
9 / 292
ARMM
Elections
0 / 8
7 / 8
0 / 8
0 / 8
1 / 8
0 / 8
0 / 8
8 / 292
CAR
Elections
 —
5 / 7
0 / 7
1 / 7
0 / 7
0 / 7
1 / 7
7 / 292
NCR
Elections
1 / 32
19 / 32
2 / 32
3 / 32
1 / 32
6 / 32
0 / 32
32 / 292
Party-list
Election
 —
2 / 58
 — — — —
51 / 58
58 / 292
Total
14 / 292
114 / 292
18 / 292
42 / 292
24 / 292
10 / 292
65 / 292
287 / 292

Seat totals

Party/coalition Seats
District Party-list Totals %
Liberal coalition 112 2 114 39.0%
NPC 43 0 43 14.7%
NUP 24 0 24 8.2%
Nacionalista 17 0 17 5.8%
Lakas
 14 0 14 4.8%
UNA coalition 10 0 10 3.4%
Makabayang Koalisyon ng Mamamayan
 0 7 7 2.4%
LDP 2 0 2 0.7%
CDP 1 0 1 0.3%
Kambilan 1 0 1 0.3%
KBL 1 0 1 0.3%
PPPL 1 0 1 0.3%
Unang Sigaw 1 0 1 0.3%
United Negros Alliance 1 0 1 0.3%
Other party-list representatives 0 49 49 16.8%
Independent
 6 0 6 2.1%
Totals 234 53 248 98.3%

Aftermath

Main article: 16th Congress of the Philippines
Same as above, but showing district gains and losses.

Preliminary results states that President Aquino's allies winning an overwhelming majority of seats in the House of Representatives. This makes Aquino the only president enjoy majorities in both houses of Congress since the People Power Revolution of 1986. This is seen as an endorsement of the voters of Aquino's reformist agenda; although several key wins elsewhere by the United Nationalist Alliance and its allies would mean that Aquino's chosen successor may face a significant challenge in the 2016 presidential election.[10]

Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. is seen to keep his speakership position with the Liberals winning at least 100 out of the 234 district seats. Majority Leader Neptali Gonzales II said that a great majority of incumbents are poised to successfully defend their seats, and that the Liberal Party are to be the single largest party in the lower house. The Nacionalista Party has at least 15 winning representatives, "a substantial number" of the 40 incumbents Nationalist People's Coalition are to hold their seats, and the 34-member National Unity Party House leader Rodolfo Antonino expects Belmonte to be reelected as speaker. The United Nationalist Alliance won three seats in Metro Manila, and at least 2 more seats outside the metropolis.[11]

Election for the Speakership

15th Congress Speaker

Ferdinand Martin Romualdez. There was one abstention, from Toby Tiangco, who wanted to be an independent.[12]
Belmonte also abstained from voting, while Romaualdez and Zamora voted for themselves; if Belmonte only had one opponent he would've voted for his opponent, and his opponent would've voted for him (as seen in the 15th Congress speakership election). Since there were more than two nominees, the traditional courtesy votes did not push through.

References

  1. ^ Muga, Felix P. II (May 20, 2013). "How to fill the 58 party-list seats". Rappler.com. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
  2. Philippine Information Agency. Archived from the original
    on December 21, 2012. Retrieved September 18, 2012.
  3. ^ Santos, Reynaldo Jr. (July 10, 2012). "QC to have two additional districts". Rappler.com. Retrieved August 11, 2012.
  4. ^ "House Bill 5236 - An Act Reapportioning the Province of Bukidnon into Four (4) Legislative Districts" (PDF). 15th Congress of the Philippines. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 8, 2012. Retrieved September 18, 2012.
  5. Philippine Star. Retrieved October 29, 2012.[permanent dead link
    ]
  6. ^ "Republic Act 10171 - An Act Reapportioning the Province of Palawan into Three (3) Legislative Districts". The Official Gazette. July 19, 2012. Retrieved September 18, 2012.
  7. ^ Cruz, RG (May 15, 2013). "NBOC suspends canvassing for party-list race". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
  8. ^ Dizon, Nikko (May 20, 2013). "Suspended party-list canvass resumes". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
  9. ^ "Comelec to proclaim winning party-lists without announcing number of seats obtained". GMA News Online. May 22, 2013. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
  10. ^ "Philippines' Aquino wins rare Congress majority in mid-term polls". Reuters. May 14, 2013. Retrieved May 20, 2013.
  11. Philippine Star
    . ABS-CBNnews. May 15, 2013. Retrieved May 20, 2013.
  12. ^ Boncocan, Karen (July 22, 2013). "House re-elects Belmonte in overwhelming vote". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved July 22, 2013.
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