Mandarin Chinese in the Philippines
This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. (November 2019) |
Mandarin Chinese in the Philippines | |
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菲律賓華語 / 菲律宾华语 Fēilǜbīn Huáyǔ | |
Region | Philippines |
Sino-Tibetan
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| |
Official status | |
Official language in | None |
Regulated by | Philippine Chinese Education Research Center, Department of Education (DepEd) |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Glottolog | None |
Linguasphere | 79-AAA-bbd-(part)(=colloquial) |
Mandarin Chinese[a][b] is the primary formal Chinese language taught academically to Chinese Filipinos in Chinese Filipino schools[4] and across other schools and institutions in the Philippines,[5] especially as the formal written Chinese language.
Both
Mandarin Chinese is formally used in print publications in Chinese-language newspapers and books in the Philippines, such as World News, United Daily News, Chinese Commercial News, and many others.
Mandarin Chinese in the Philippines | |
---|---|
Hanyu Pinyin | Fēilǜbīn Huáyǔ |
Wade–Giles | Fei¹lü⁴pin¹ Hua²yü³ |
Yale Romanization | Fēilyùbīn Hwáyǔ |
IPA | [féɪlŷpín xwǎỳ] |
Classification
Mandarin in the Philippines can be classified into two distinct Mandarin dialects: Standard Mandarin and Colloquial Mandarin. Standard Mandarin is either the standard language of mainland China or Taiwan, while Colloquial Mandarin in the Philippines tends to combine features from Mandarin (simplified Chinese: 华语; traditional Chinese: 華語) and features from Hokkien (閩南語) of the local Philippine Hokkien dialect, which is the heritage language of many Chinese Filipinos.[4]
Usage
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Only a small minority of Chinese Filipinos claim Mandarin as their native first language, with Filipino (Tagalog) or English or Philippine Hokkien typically being the first language.[4] The lack of environment for speaking the language and the difficulty of learning it created not just a lack of interest, but even great disgust by some towards it.[4]
Efforts in the 21st century to promote Mandarin Chinese education in Chinese Filipino institutions and recent utilitarian trends, such as more Mandarin job opportunities, recent immigrants from China or Taiwan, summer education trips to China or Taiwan, encouragement of universities and schools by past presidents, and education exchange deals with China have spurred interest and potential for growth in the usage of Mandarin.[6][4]
Code-switching
Sometimes Chinese Filipinos also code-switch Mandarin together with other languages, such as English, Tagalog (or other Philippine languages), and Hokkien, as a form of pidgin language, just like Hokaglish or Singlish.[4][failed verification]
Education
There are about 150 or so Chinese schools that exist throughout the Philippines, around a third of which operate in Metro Manila.[7][8] Most education of Standard Chinese (Mandarin) provided in the Philippines is facilitated through Chinese Filipino schools established by Chinese Filipinos, which typically include the teaching of Standard Chinese (Mandarin) along with other school class subjects.
In terms of phonology, vocabulary and grammar, the "Chinese" (Mandarin) taught during most of the 20th century in the Philippines in many older Chinese Filipino schools was often the
Chinese Filipino schools often use the first language approach, which assumes that students of Chinese Filipino schools have had native experience of Mandarin, despite the contrary.[4]
See also
- Philippine Hokkien
- Languages of Philippines
- List of Chinese schools in the Philippines
Notes
- ^ simplified Chinese: 华语; traditional Chinese: 華語; pinyin: Huáyǔ; Wade–Giles: Hua2-yü3; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄩˇ
- ^ commonly known as just "Chinese" (referring to Standard Chinese) in the Philippines[1][2][3]
References
- ^ Chua, Yvonne T. (May 6, 2007). "The Chinese-language press: Marching to the beat of history". Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
- ^ Go, Josiah (April 17, 2017). "Chinese education redefined". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved November 22, 2021.
- ^ "MASTER IN TEACHING CHINESE AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROGRAM". Ateneo Confucius Institute. 2021. Retrieved November 22, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Palanca, Ellen H. (2002). "A Comparative Study of Chinese Education in the Philippines and Malaysia*" (PDF). Asian Studies. 38 (2): 1 – via Asian Studies: Journal of Critical Perspectives on Asia.
- Pasig City. December 12, 2019.
- ^ Aguilar, Krissy (May 7, 2019). "Philippines, China to enhance education, cultural exchange for Filipino teachers". Philippine Daily Inquirer.
- ^ "List of Chinese schools (华校一览)". Philippine Chinese Education Research Center (菲律賓華教中心). Retrieved Oct 4, 2021.
- ^ McCarthy, Charles F., ed. (1974). Philippine-Chinese profiles: essays and studies. Pagkakaisa sa Pag-Unlad.
- ^ Yang, Shimin (2014). Written at Science and Technology College, Jiangxi Normal University. "Several Thoughts on Current Chinese Education in the Philippines" (PDF). Nanchang, China: Atlantis Press. p. 197.