Philippine Trench
The Philippine Trench (also called the Philippine Deep, Mindanao Trench, and the Mindanao Deep) is a submarine trench to the east of the Philippines. The trench is located in the Philippine sea of the western North Pacific Ocean and continues NNW-SSE.[1] It has a length of approximately 1,320 kilometres (820 miles) and a width of about 30 km (19 mi) from the center of the Philippine island of Luzon trending southeast to the northern Maluku island of Halmahera in Indonesia. At its deepest point, the trench reaches 10,540 meters (34,580 ft or 5,760 fathoms).[2]
Immediately to the north of the Philippine Trench is the East Luzon Trench. They are separated, with their continuity interrupted and displaced, by
Geology
The Philippine trench is hypothesized to be younger than 8–9 million years old. The central part of the Philippine fault formed during the
Although there are vast areas of subduction zones, some authors have considered this region to have low
Depth
The trench reaches one of the greatest depths in the ocean. Its deepest point is known as Emden Deep and reaches 10,540 meters (34,580 ft or 5,760 fathoms).[2]
Sedimentation
Sedimentation of the Philippine trench contains slightly
Significant quakes
This is a list of significant quakes related to the Philippine Trench, which are 7.0+[18]
Year | Location | Moment magnitude | Casualties |
---|---|---|---|
1911 | offshore Mindanao, east-northeast of Barcelona | 7.7 | - |
1921 | offshore Mindanao, east of Baculin | 7.4 | - |
1943 | offshore Mindanao, east of Baculin | 7.8 | - |
1952 | offshore Mindanao, east-northeast of Cortez | 7.3 | - |
1975 | offshore Samar, east-northeast of Alugan | 7.2 | 1 |
1982 | offshore Catanduanes, southwest of Gigmoto | 7.1 | - |
1988 | offshore Catanduanes, east-southeast of Bato | 7.3 | - |
1989 | offshore Mindanao, east-northeast of Barcelona | 7.6 | 1 |
1995 | offshore Samar, east of Dapdap | 7.2 | - |
2001 | offshore Mindanao, south-east of Lukatan | 7.5 | - |
2012 | offshore Samar, east of Guiuan | 7.6 | - |
2023 | offshore Mindanao, north-east of Hinatuan | 7.6 | - |
Trenches in the Philippine region
Known trenches in the Philippines are:
- Manila Trench
- East Luzon Trench
- Negros Trench
- Sulu Trench
- Cotabato Trench
References
- .
- ^ a b c d Deschamps, A.; Lallemand, S. (2003). "Geodynamic setting of Izu-Bonin-Mariana boninites". In Larter, R.D.; Leat, P.T. (eds.). Intra-Oceanic Subduction Systems: Tectonic and Magmatic Processes. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. Vol. 219. pp. 163–185.
- ^ "M 7.7 - Philippine Islands region". United States Geological Survey. 1911.
- ^ "M 7.4 - Philippine Islands region". United States Geological Survey. 1921.
- ^ "M 7.8 - Philippine Islands region". United States Geological Survey. 1943.
- ^ "M 7.3 - Philippine Islands region". United States Geological Survey. 1952.
- ^ "M 7.2 - Samar, Philippines". United States Geological Survey. 1975.
- ^ "M 7.1 - Catanduanes, Philippines". United States Geological Survey. 1982.
- ^ "M 7.3 - Catanduanes, Philippines". United States Geological Survey. 1988.
- ^ "M 7.6 - Mindanao, Philippines". United States Geological Survey. 1989.
- ^ "M 7.0 - Mindanao, Philippines". United States Geological Survey. 1991.
- ^ "M 7.2 - Samar, Philippines". United States Geological Survey. 1995.
- ^ "M 7.5 - Mindanao, Philippines". United States Geological Survey. 2001.
- ^ "M 7.2 - Samar, Philippines". United States Geological Survey. 2012.
- ^ .
- ^ a b c d Larsen, B. (1968). "Sediment from the central Philippine trench". Galathea Report. 9: 7–21.
- ^ .
- ^ "USGS Earthquake Hazards Program". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved January 27, 2022.