Non-peptidic antigen
(Redirected from
Phosphoantigen
)Non-peptidic antigens are low-molecular-weight compounds that stimulate human
HMB-PP is an essential metabolite in most pathogenic bacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis as well as in malaria
parasites, but is absent from the human host.
IPP itself is structurally closely related to
HMB-PP
and ubiquitously present in all living cells (i.e., also in human cells), yet its potency in vitro is 10,000-fold reduced; whether IPP represents a physiological 'danger' signal of stressed or transformed cells is still unclear.
Of pharmacological interest and with bioactivities comparable to that of IPP are synthetic
metastases
, and act as Vγ9/Vδ2 T cell receptor agonists.
Certain alkylated
HMB-PP, thereby questioning their physiological relevance
.
References
- Morita CT, Mariuzza RA, Brenner MB. Antigen recognition by human γδ T cells: pattern recognition by the adaptive immune system. Springer Semin Immunopathol. 2000;22:191-217. PMID 11116953
- Eberl M, Hintz M, Reichenberg A, Kollas AK, Wiesner J, Jomaa H. Microbial isoprenoid biosynthesis and human γδ T cell activation. FEBS Lett. 2003;544:4-10. PMID 12782281
- Holtmeier W, Kabelitz D. γδ T cells link innate and adaptive immune responses. Chem Immunol Allergy. 2005;86:151-83. PMID 15976493
- Girardi M. Immunosurveillance and immunoregulation by γδ T cells. J Invest Dermatol. 2006 Jan;126:25-31. PMID 16417214