Piedmont
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|
Piedmont
Piemonte ( Arpitan) | |
---|---|
Anthem: Ël Drapò a deuv vive | |
Coordinates: 45°04′N 7°42′E / 45.067°N 7.700°E | |
Country | Italy |
Capital | Turin |
Government | |
• President | Alberto Cirio (FI) |
Area | |
• Total | 25,402 km2 (9,808 sq mi) |
Population (31 January 2021) | |
• Total | 4,269,714 |
• Density | 170/km2 (440/sq mi) |
Demonym(s) | English: Piedmontese Italian: Piemontese |
GDP | |
• Total | €136.007 billion (2021) |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
ISO 3166 code | IT-21 |
HDI (2021) | 0.901[2] very high · 10th of 21 |
NUTS Region | ITC1 |
Website | Regione.Piemonte.it |
Piedmont (/ˈpiːdmɒnt/ PEED-mont; Italian: Piemonte, pronounced [pjeˈmonte]; Piedmontese: Piemont, [pjeˈmʊŋt]),[a] located in northwest Italy, is one of the 20 regions of Italy.[3] It borders the Liguria region to the south, the Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna regions to the east, and the Aosta Valley region to the northwest. Piedmont also borders Switzerland to the north and France to the west.
Piedmont has an area of 25,402 km2 (9,808 sq mi), making it the second-largest region of Italy after Sicily. As of 31 January 2021, the population was 4,269,714. The capital of Piedmont is Turin, which was also the capital of the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 to 1865.
Toponymy
The French Piedmont, the Italian Piemonte, and other variant cognates come from the medieval Latin Pedemontium or Pedemontis, i.e. ad pedem montium, meaning "at the foot of the mountains" (referring to the Alps), attested in documents from the end of the 12th century.[4]
Geography
Piedmont is surrounded on three sides by the
Piedmont is the second largest of Italy's 20 regions, after
The countryside is very diverse: from the rugged peaks of the massifs of Monte Rosa and Gran Paradiso to the damp rice paddies of Vercelli and Novara, from the gentle hillsides of the Langhe, Roero, and Montferrat to the plains. 7.6% of the entire territory is considered protected area. There are 56 different national or regional parks; one of the most famous is the Gran Paradiso National Park, between Piedmont and the Aosta Valley.
Piedmont has a typically temperate climate, which on the Alps becomes progressively temperate-cold and colder as it climbs to altitude. In areas located at low altitudes, winters are relatively cold but not very rainy and often sunny, with the possibility of snowfall, sometimes abundant. Snowfall, on the other hand, is less frequent and occasional in the northeast areas. Summers are hot with local possibilities of strong thunderstorms.[5]
Major towns and cities
Population rank | City name | Population (ab) |
Surface ( km2 )
|
Density (ab/ km2 )
|
Altitude (m s.l.m.) |
Province or metropolitan city |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Turin | 875,698 | 130.17 | 6,786 | 239 | TO |
2 | Novara | 104,411 | 103.05 | 1,013 | 162 | NO
|
3 | Alessandria | 93,884 | 203.97 | 460 | 95 | AL
|
4 | Asti | 76,424 | 151.82 | 504 | 123 | AT
|
5 | Moncalieri | 57,060 | 47.63 | 1,197 | 260 | TO |
6 | Cuneo | 56,116 | 119.88 | 468 | 534 | CN
|
7 | Collegno | 49,940 | 18.12 | 2,756 | 302 | TO |
8 | Rivoli | 48,819 | 29.52 | 1,653 | 390 | TO |
9 | Nichelino | 48,182 | 20.64 | 2,334 | 229 | TO |
10 | Settimo Torinese | 47,704 | 32.37 | 1,473 | 207 | TO |
Below are listed other towns of Piedmont with more than 20,000 inhabitants sorted by population.
Population rank | City Name | Population (ab) |
Surface ( km2 )
|
Density (ab/ km2 )
|
Altitude (m s.l.m.) |
Province or metropolitan city |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
11 | Vercelli | 46,808 | 79.85 | 586 | 130 | VC
|
12 | Biella | 44,860 | 46.68 | 961 | 417 | BI
|
13 | Grugliasco | 37,906 | 13.12 | 2,889 | 293 | TO |
14 | Chieri | 36,778 | 54.30 | 677 | 305 | TO |
15 | Pinerolo | 35,778 | 50.28 | 711 | 376 | TO |
16 | Casale Monferrato | 34,565 | 86.32 | 400 | 116 | AL
|
17 | Venaria Reale | 34,248 | 20.29 | 1,687 | 262 | TO |
18 | Alba | 31,419 | 54.01 | 581 | 172 | CN
|
19 | Verbania | 30,933 | 36.62 | 844 | 197 | VB
|
20 | Bra | 29,705 | 59.61 | 498 | 285 | CN
|
21 | Carmagnola | 29,052 | 96.38 | 301 | 240 | TO |
22 | Novi Ligure | 28,257 | 54.22 | 521 | 199 | AL
|
23 | Tortona | 27,575 | 99.29 | 278 | 122 | AL
|
24 | Chivasso | 26,704 | 51.31 | 520 | 183 | TO |
25 | Fossano | 24,743 | 130.72 | 189 | 375 | CN
|
26 | Ivrea | 23,598 | 30.19 | 781 | 253 | TO |
27 | Orbassano | 23,240 | 22.05 | 1,053 | 273 | TO |
28 | Mondovì | 22,592 | 87.25 | 258 | 395 | CN
|
29 | Borgomanero | 21,709 | 32.36 | 670 | 307 | NO
|
30 | Savigliano | 21,306 | 110.73 | 192 | 321 | CN
|
31 | Trecate | 20,329 | 38.38 | 529 | 136 | NO
|
32 | Acqui Terme | 20,054 | 33.30 | 602 | 156 | AL
|
History
Piedmont was inhabited in early historic times by
In the 9th–10th centuries there were further incursions by the
The
Piedmont was a springboard for
-
The Sacra di San Michele is a symbol of Piedmont.
Economy
The
Automotive
The region contains major industrial centres, the most important of which is Turin, home to the
anymore, however, some research and development centres are still working.Formerly famous automotive design companies also were sold to global automotive groups:
There are some automotive suppliers of:
- exhaust systems, electronic systems, suspension systems and automotive lighting in Magneti Marelli
- dual-clutch transmission, gearboxes, drivelines and their mechatronics components from Dana Graziano
- bearings from SKF
- tires (Michelin and Pirelli)
Electronics and industrial equipment
There are some important companies in high-tech manufacturing:
-
Excavator
New Holland E 215B -
Telescopic Handler Merlo Roto
-
Robot
Comau Aura -
High-speed train
Alstom AGV
Aerospace and defence
One of the most important industries in Piedmont is military aerospace with plants:
- Leonardo Aircraft Turin-Caselle (Nord and Sud), final assembly of multi-role attack jet Eurofighter Typhoon, ground-attack jet AMX and military transport aircraft C-27J Spartan
- Leonardo Aircraft Novara-Cameri, final assembly of stealth multi-role attack jet Lockheed Martin F-35
- Borgaretto, manufacturing of mechanical transmissions for gas turbine, foundry
Information technology
Piedmont has several notable
.Wool textile
Italy is the world's largest exporter of carded (71.8% in 2018)[14] and combed (73.4% in 2018)[15] wool fabrics. These are the only two types of fabrics not dominated by Chinese textile exports. There are three industrial districts that process wool in Italy. One of them, Biella, is located in Piedmont.
Below are showed some basic stages of wool processing (not complete).
Jewellery
One of Italy's four industrial jewellery districts is located in
have factories here as do many other smaller companies.-
Cartier: Bismarck sapphire necklace
-
Cartier: Mackay emerald and diamond necklace
Food
Since 2006, the Piedmont region has benefited from the start of the Slow Food movement and Terra Madre, events that highlighted the rich agricultural and viticultural value of the Po Valley and northern Italy. A chain of food halls Eataly works in collaboration with Slow Food. Piedmont is the leading producer of confectionery, coffee, rice, and white truffles in Italy. It is ranked 3 of 20 for the production of quality DOC and DOCG wines with 1,982,718 hl, there are 17 DOCG wines of all possible types (white, red, sweet, sparkling). In 2019, Piedmont accounted for 16.5% of wine exports from Italy, ranking second behind Veneto, with 36%.[16] The typical food industries in Piedmont are:
- alcoholic beverages
- coffee
- confectionery
- production of traditional Chocolate Gianduiotto
- production of different kind of chocolate and pralines
- production of torrone
- production of sweet paste Nutella
- production of biscotto
- delicacy
- production of white truffles from Alba and related products with white truffles like condiments, honey, salami, and prosciutto
- production of high-quality marinated beef Gradisca or dried beef Bresaola
- cereals
- production of dry risotto mixes
-
White Truffles from Alba
-
Risotto ai funghi porcini
-
Grissini
Unemployment
The unemployment rate stood at 6.2% in 2023.[17]
Year | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unemployment rate | 4.1% | 4.2% | 5.1% | 6.8% | 7.5% | 7.6% | 9.2% | 10.5% | 11.3% | 10.2% | 9.3% | 9.1% | 8.2% | 7.7% | 7.5% | 7.3% | 6.5% | 6.2% |
Agriculture
Lowland Piedmont is a fertile agricultural region. The main agricultural products in Piedmont are
Tourism
Tourism in Piedmont employs 75,534 people and involves 17,367 companies operating in the hospitality and catering sector, with 1,473 hotels and other tourist accommodation. The sector generates a turnover of €2,671 million, 3.3% of the €80,196 million total estimated spending on tourism in Italy. The region is popular with both foreign visitors and those from other parts of Italy. In 2002 there were 2,651,068 total arrivals, 1,124,696 (42%) of whom were foreign. The traditional leading areas for tourism in Piedmont are the Lake District ("Piedmont's riviera"), which accounts for 32.84% of total overnight stays, and the metropolitan area of Turin, which accounts for 26.51%.[20]
In 2006, Turin hosted the
Piedmont has many small and picturesque villages, 20 of them have been selected by I Borghi più belli d'Italia (English: The most beautiful Villages of Italy),[24] a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest,[25] that was founded on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities.[26]
Transport
Land
There are links with neighbouring France via the
Air
Education
The economy of Piedmont is anchored on a rich history of state support for higher education, including some of the leading universities in Italy. Piedmont is home to the famous University of Turin, the Polytechnic University of Turin, the University of Eastern Piedmont, and more recently the United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute.[27]
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1861 | 2,759,000 | — |
1871 | 2,928,000 | +6.1% |
1881 | 3,090,000 | +5.5% |
1901 | 3,319,000 | +7.4% |
1911 | 3,414,000 | +2.9% |
1921 | 3,439,000 | +0.7% |
1931 | 3,458,000 | +0.6% |
1936 | 3,418,000 | −1.2% |
1951 | 3,518,177 | +2.9% |
1961 | 3,914,250 | +11.3% |
1971 | 4,432,313 | +13.2% |
1981 | 4,479,031 | +1.1% |
1991 | 4,302,565 | −3.9% |
2001 | 4,214,677 | −2.0% |
2011 | 4,363,916 | +3.5% |
2021 | 4,256,350 | −2.5% |
Source: ISTAT 2001 |
Country of birth | Population |
---|---|
Romania | 147,916 |
Morocco | 54,151 |
Albania | 40,919 |
China | 20,091 |
Nigeria | 12,638 |
Peru | 11,579 |
Ukraine | 10,435 |
Moldova | 8,945 |
Egypt | 7,889 |
Senegal | 7,626 |
North Macedonia | 6,463 |
Philippines | 6,309 |
India | 5,301 |
Pakistan | 5,084 |
The population density in Piedmont is lower than the national average. In 2008, it was equal to 174 inhabitants per km2, compared to the national figure of about 200. The
The population of Piedmont followed a downward trend throughout the 1980s, a result of the natural negative balance (of some 3 to 4% per year), while the migratory balance since 1986 has again become positive because of immigration.[28] The population remained stable in the 1990s.
The Turin metro area grew rapidly in the 1950s and 1960s due to an increase of immigrants from southern Italy and Veneto and today it has a population of approximately two million. As of 2008[update], the Italian national institute of statistics (ISTAT) estimated that 310,543 foreign-born immigrants lived in Piedmont, equal to 7.0% of the total regional population. Most immigrants come from Eastern Europe (mostly from Romania, Albania, and Ukraine) with smaller communities of African immigrants.
Government and politics
The Regional Government (Giunta Regionale) is presided by the president of the region (presidente della regione), who is elected for a five-year term and is composed of the president and 14 ministers, including a vice president (vice presidente).
Administrative divisions
Piedmont is divided into eight provinces.
Province | Area (km2) | Population | Density (inhabitants/km2) |
---|---|---|---|
Province of Alessandria | 3,560 | 431,885 | 121.3 |
Province of Asti | 1,504 | 219,292 | 145.8 |
Province of Biella | 913 | 181,089 | 204.9 |
Province of Cuneo | 6,903 | 592,060 | 85.7 |
Province of Novara | 1,339 | 371,418 | 277.3 |
Metropolitan City of Turin | 6,821 | 2,291,719 | 335.9 |
Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola | 2,255 | 160,883 | 71.3 |
Province of Vercelli | 2,088 | 176,121 | 84.3 |
Culture
Languages
As in the rest of Italy,
Sport
In
See also
- Siege of Turin (1706)
- Battle of Assietta (1747)
- Battle of Marengo (14 June 1800)
- Battle of Novara (1849)
- Bialbero de Casorzo
- Giovenale Boetto
- Chiusella
- Federation of Damanhur
- Gianduja
- Piedmont cuisine
- Roman Catholic Diocese of Tortona
- Waldensian Evangelical Church
- Western Alps
Notes
References
- ^ "Population on 1 January by age, sex and NUTS 2 region", www.ec.europa.eu
- ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 5 March 2023.
- ^ rai (3 June 2015). "An aerial view of Piedmont". Archived from the original on 8 April 2017 – via YouTube.
- ISBN 978-88-365-0001-7.
- ^ Rosa, Diego (April 2005). "DIDATTICA - La neve" (PDF). Rivista Ligure di Meteorologia. Società Meteorologica Italiana - Sezione Ligura. p. 3. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
- ISBN 0-521-37019-1.
- ^ "History of Italy".
- ^ Collier, p. 75.
- ^ Valeria Fargion, From the Southern to the Northern Question: Territorial and Social Politics in Italy Archived 23 November 2006 at the Wayback Machine, paper presented at the RC 19 conference 'Welfare state restructuring: processes and social outcomes', 2–4 September 2004, Sciences-Po Paris. Retrieved 7 January 2007.
- ^ Anna Bull, Regionalism in Italy Archived 10 December 2006 at the Wayback Machine, Europa 2(4). Retrieved 7 January 2007.
- ^ Marco Meriggi, (1996). Breve Storia dell'Italia Settentrionale, dall'Ottocento a Oggi. 1st ed. Italy: Donzelli Dditore, Rome.
- ^ "Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018". Eurostat.
- ^ a b "Stellantis production report" (in Italian). 11 January 2021.
- ^ "Who exported Woven fabrics of carded wool in 2018?".
- ^ "Who exported Woven fabrics of combed wool in 2018?".
- ^ "Export of wine by region in Italy 2019". Statista. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ "Unemployment rates by sex, age, educational attainment level and NUTS 2 regions (%)".
- ^ a b c "Eurostat". Europa (web portal). Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 23 April 2010.
- ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato".
- ^ "Tourism in Piedmont: The Figures" (PDF). Regione Piemonte. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2009. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ AA.VV. (2004). Dimore Reali e la Corona di Delizie - Palazzi, castelli e ville sabaude in Piemonte I. Torino: La Stampa. pp. 1–13.
- ^ Cortese, Damiano (2018). L'azienda turistica: nuovi scenari e modelli evolutivi. Torino: Giappichelli Editore. pp. 63–77.
- ^ Cortese D., Giacosa E., Cantino V. (2018). Knowledge sharing for coopetition in tourist destinations: the difficult path to the network. Springer. pp. 1–12.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Basilicata" (in Italian). 10 January 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
- ^ "Borghi più belli d'Italia. Le 14 novità 2023, dal Trentino alla Calabria" (in Italian). 16 January 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2023.
- ^ "I Borghi più belli d'Italia, la guida online ai piccoli centri dell'Italia nascosta" (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2018.
- ^ "Contact Us". www.unicri.it.
- ^ a b "Eurostat". Europa (web portal). Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 23 April 2010.
- ^ "Sito Ufficiale della Regione Piemonte: Giunta regionale". Regione.piemonte.it. Archived from the original on 18 February 2010. Retrieved 23 April 2010.
- ^ "Turin wins 2006 Winter Olympics". Canoe.ca. 19 June 1999. Archived from the original on 10 February 2005. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
Sources
- Collier, M. (2003). Italian Unification, 1820–71. Heinemann: Oxford. ISBN 9780435327545.
External links
- Regional government website (in Italian)
- New International Encyclopedia. 1905. .