Pierre Bérégovoy
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Pierre Bérégovoy | |
---|---|
Prime Minister of France | |
In office 2 April 1992 – 29 March 1993 | |
President | François Mitterrand |
Preceded by | Édith Cresson |
Succeeded by | Édouard Balladur |
Personal details | |
Born | Pierre Eugène Bérégovoy 23 December 1925 Déville-lès-Rouen, France |
Died | 1 May 1993 Nevers, France | (aged 67)
Political party | SFIO (until 1959) PSU (1960–69) PS (1969–93) |
Occupation | Metallurgist, politician |
Pierre Eugène Bérégovoy (French pronunciation:
Early career
Pierre Bérégovoy was born in Déville-lès-Rouen to a French mother and a Ukrainian father (original family name Береговий in Ukrainian or Береговой in Russian) who had left the Russian Empire after the Russian Civil War.
He started his professional life at the age of 16 as a qualified metal worker. He got involved in politics following his activities in the
In 1959, he left the SFIO and participated in the foundation of the dissident
In 1981, following Mitterrand's election as
Bérégovoy became
Elected mayor of Nevers in 1983, and deputy of Nièvre département in 1986, in the electoral land of Mitterrand, he was manager of the latter's 1988 presidential campaign. After his re-election, at the time of each cabinet reshuffle, his name was mentioned as a possible prime minister. In the end, he returned to the Ministry of the Economy and Finance. In this function, he symbolized the adaptation of French socialism to the market economy and struck up hearty relations with employer representatives.
After the
After nearly a year as Prime Minister, Bérégovoy led the Socialist Party into the electoral collapse of the March 1993 parliamentary elections: the governing party, which previously held 260 seats (29 short from an overall majority), was reduced to only 53 seats, thus constituting the worst electoral defeat in the French left's history and one of the worst ever suffered by a governing party in French history. He resigned as PM on 29 March 1993.
Political career
Secretary General of the Presidency of the Republic: 1981–1982.
Governmental functions
Prime Minister: 1992–1993.
Minister of Economy and Finances: 1984–1986 / 1988–1992.
Minister of Social Affairs: 1982–1984.
Electoral mandates
National Assembly of France
Member of the
General Council
General Councillor of the Nièvre: 1985–1993 (Died in May 1993). Reelected in 1992.
Municipal Council
Mayor of Nevers: 1983–1993 (Died in May 1993). Reelected in 1989.
Municipal councillor of Nevers: 1983–1993 (Died in May 1993). Reelected in 1989.
Death
Bérégovoy killed himself with a gunshot on 1 May 1993.[10] Friends said he had been depressed ever since he lost the March legislative election in which his Socialist Party won only 67 out of 577 parliamentary seats. Bérégovoy was also being investigated concerning a one-million-franc interest-free loan he received from businessman and close friend, Roger-Patrice Pelat. Pelat had died of a heart attack on 7 March 1989, shortly after being found guilty in the Péchiney-Triangle affair.[10]
At Bérégovoy's funeral, held at Nevers in an atmosphere of tension and shock, François Mitterrand stated that media pressure in connection with the Pelat scandal was responsible for Bérégovoy's suicide. Targeting the press, he said Bérégovoy's "honour was thrown to the dogs", crediting him with "the grandeur of someone who chooses his destiny."[11]
Bérégovoy's ministry, 2 April 1992 – 29 March 1993
- Pierre Bérégovoy – Prime Minister
- Roland Dumas – Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Pierre Joxe – Minister of Defense
- Paul Quilès – Minister of the Interior and Public Security
- Michel Sapin – Minister of Economy, Finance, and Privatization
- Michel Charasse – Minister of Budget
- Dominique Strauss-Kahn – Minister of Industry and External Commerce
- Martine Aubry – Minister of Labour, Employment, and Vocational Training
- Michel Vauzelle – Minister of Justice
- Jack Lang – Minister of National Education and Culture
- Louis Mermaz – Minister of Agriculture and Forests
- Ségolène Royal – Minister of Environment
- Frédérique Bredin – Minister of Youth and Sports
- Louis Le Pensec – Minister of Overseas Departments and Territories
- Jean-Louis Bianco – Minister of Transport, Housing, and Equipment
- Louis Mermaz – Minister of Relations with Parliament
- Bernard Kouchner – Minister of Health and Humanitarian Action
- Émile Zuccarelli – Minister of Posts and Telecommunications
- Michel Delebarre – Minister of Civil Service and Administrative Reform
- François Loncle – Minister of City, Minister of Planning
- Bernard Tapie – Minister of City
- Hubert Curien – Minister of Research and Space
- René Teulade – Minister of Social Affairs and Integration
Changes
- 23 May 1992 – Bernard Tapie leaves the ministry and the office of Minister of City is abolished
- 2 October 1992 – Martin Malvy succeeds Charasse as Minister of Budget. Jean-Pierre Soisson succeeds Mermaz as Minister of Agriculture, becoming also Minister of Rural Development
- 26 December 1992 – The office of Minister of City is re-established, with Bernard Tapie again as Minister
- 9 March 1993 – Pierre Joxe leaves the ministry of Defence and was succeeded by Pierre Bérégovoy (who remains also Prime minister)
References
- ^ "Le Monde - Toute l'actualité en continu". Le Monde.fr (in French). Retrieved 26 February 2023.
- ISBN 9781859840788. Archivedfrom the original on 4 March 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ^ OECD Economic Surveys: France 1992 – Books – OECD iLibrary. oecd-ilibrary.org. 1992. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ISBN 9780415225038. Archivedfrom the original on 14 December 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ISBN 9789287128676. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ISBN 9781443852616. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ISBN 9781847312129. Archivedfrom the original on 14 December 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ^ http://www.eea-esem.com/papers/eea-esem/2004/702/Student-2004.pdf[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ a b Simons, Marlise (4 May 1993). "In French Ex-Premier's Suicide, Cries of 'J'Accuse'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 28 August 2009.
- ^ "Funeral lament for death of ex-PM: Mitterrand salutes 'man of integrity'". The Independent. 5 May 1993. Archived from the original on 14 December 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
External links
- Association Pierre Bérégovoy, in French only