Pierre Ramond

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Pierre Ramond
Born31 January 1943 (1943-01-31) (age 81)
Ramond algebra
Seesaw mechanism
Scientific career
FieldsTheoretical physics
InstitutionsUniversity of Florida
Doctoral advisorA. P. Balachandran

Pierre Ramond (/rəˈmɔːnd/;[1] born 31 January 1943) is distinguished professor of physics at University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida.[2] He initiated the development of superstring theory.

Academic career

Ramond completed his BSEE from

Caltech as an R. A. Millikan Senior Fellow in 1976. He became a professor of physics at University of Florida
in 1980, and promoted to his present title of "distinguished professor" in 1999.

Superstring theory

Ramond initiated the development of

point-like particles to stringlike ones.[3] In this process he discovered two-dimensional supersymmetry and laid the ground for supersymmetry in four spacetime dimensions. He found the spectrum of fermionic modes in string theory and the paper started superstring theory. From this paper André Neveu and John Schwarz developed a string theory with both fermions and bosons.[4][5]

According to

photons
, etc. are all bosons. In quantum field theory, fermions interact by exchanging bosons.

Early string theory proposed by Yoichiro Nambu and others in 1970 was only a bosonic string. Ramond completed the theory by inventing a fermionic string to accompany the bosonic ones. The Virasoro algebra which is the symmetry algebra of the bosonic string was generalized to a superconformal algebra (the Ramond algebra, an example of a super Virasoro algebra) including anticommuting operators also.

In 1979, with Murray Gell-Mann and Richard Slansky he proposed the seesaw mechanism which explains small neutrino masses in the context of Grand-Unified theories.

Honors and awards

Ramond has received several awards for his contributions to theoretical physics. He received a Distinguished Alumnus Award from NJIT in 1990. Fellow of the American Physical Society, 1998 Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Recipient of the 1992

ICTP for their pioneering contributions to the inception and formulation of string theory.[6]

In addition, Ramond has played an active role in service to his profession as a scientist and educator. He was President of the Aspen Center For Physics in 2006-2008;[7] he served as chair of the Faculty Senate of the University of Florida in 2004-05, and chair of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society in 2012.

Publications

Articles

  • Ramond, Pierre (1971). "Dual theory for free fermions". Physical Review D. 3 (10): 2415–2418.
    doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.3.2415
    .
  • Kalb, Michael; —— (1974). "Classical direct interstring action". Physical Review D. 9 (8): 2273–2284.
    doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.9.2273
    .
  • Gross, Benedict;
    PMID 9671696
    .
  • —— (2012). "Dual model with fermions: memoirs of an early string theorist". In Cappelli, Andrea; Castellani, Elena; Colomo, Filippo; Di Vecchia, Paolo (eds.). The Birth of String Theory.
    ISBN 978-0-521-19790-8
    .

Books

References

  1. ^ Leonard Susskind – String Theory and M-Theory: Lecture 10
  2. ^ Pierre Ramond at University of Florida
  3. doi:10.1103/physrevd.3.2415
    .
  4. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(71)90669-1
    .
  5. ^ "A timeline of mathematics and theoretical physics". Archived from the original on 2016-08-19. Retrieved 2007-07-20.
  6. ^ Dirac Medal ICTP 2020
  7. ^ "Aspen Center for Physics". www.aspenphys.org. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  8. doi:10.1063/1.2915136
    .
  9. ISBN 9780738201160
    .
Scholia has an author profile for Pierre Ramond.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ramond&oldid=1180956177"