Piestewa Peak
Piestewa Peak | |
---|---|
Vainom Do'ag | |
Highest point | |
Elevation | 2,610 ft (796 m) NAVD 88[1] |
Prominence | 1,176 ft (358 m)[2] |
Coordinates | 33°32′50″N 112°01′16″W / 33.547332322°N 112.020989392°W[1] |
Geography | |
Location | class 1s3[3] |
Piestewa Peak (
Name
Since at least 1910, the name Squaw Peak had been used in reference to the mountain. Other historic names included Squaw Tit Mountain, Phoenix Mountain and Vainom Do'ag, the
In 1997, the local youth group of the American Indian Movement filed a petition with the State Board on Geographic and Historic Names to change the name to Iron Mountain, the English translation of the mountain's native Pima name. The board researched the issue for nearly a year before ruling in July 1998 that too much doubt existed as to whether the name Vainom Do'ag actually referred to the mountain in question or another nearby peak and the petition was rejected, although the board left the door open to alternative possible name-changes.[8]
The state board, absent its director, approved the name change to Piestewa Peak on April 17, 2003, less than a month after Piestewa's death. The U.S. Board on Geographic Names, however, refused to accept a similar petition at the time, citing their own five-year waiting rule. Five years later the board agreed to review the request as the waiting period had passed. The board also considered other potential alternatives, including Swilling Peak for area pioneer Jack Swilling.[10] Ultimately, the national board voted 11–2 to approve the name change to Piestewa Peak, while indicating that the original name of Squaw Peak might still be used in publications as a secondary reference.[11]
Natural history
As a landform, Piestewa Peak is relatively young, formed roughly 14 million years ago. However, it is composed of much older rock, primarily schist.[12]
Flora in this area is typical of the lower Sonoran Desert and includes almost all varieties of Arizona cactus such as saguaro, barrel, hedgehog, pincushion, jumping cholla and prickly pear. Trees and colorful shrubbery include palo verde, mesquite, ironwood trees, creosote (dominate), ocotillo, brittle bush, desert lavender and giant sage shrubs.[12]
Wildflowers are abundant in the early spring and include Mexican gold poppies (deep yellow), brittlebush (yellow), lupine (purples), desert globemallow (orange) and scorpionweed (purple). Fiddleneck and bladderpod also are blooming in some areas. These are in addition to the many varieties of flowering cacti.[13]
Many species of reptiles thrive in the preserve, including gila monster, horned lizard, chuckwalla, and western diamondback rattlesnake. The mammal population includes coyote, bobcat, jackrabbit, cottontail rabbit, ground squirrel and kit fox. There are several species of birds that inhabit the preserve, including turkey vultures, mockingbirds, cactus wrens, Gambel's quail and several species of owls and hawks.[12]
Hiking
The Piestewa Peak Summit Trail (elevation gain = 1,208 feet (368 m) in 1.2 miles (1.9 km))[3] is climbed thousands of times per week by locals and visitors seeking a cardio-vascular workout, great views, or a family outing.[14] However, quite a few hikers do not actually reach the top due to the fact that this trail is more difficult than it looks, especially in the summer when temperatures are well over 100 °F (40 °C). No water is available on the trail and dehydration is a common and serious problem with hikers who come unprepared. Water is only available at the trailhead, and at several ramadas along squaw peak road, uphill from the summit trail parking lot. Views from the summit include, in clear weather, Pinnacle Peak, the McDowell Mountains, Four Peaks, the Superstition Mountains, Tabletop Mountain, the Sierra Estrella, Woolsey Peak, the White Tank Mountains, the Harquahala Mountains, the Papago Mountains, the Hieroglyphic Mountains, and the Bradshaw Mountains.
The hike itself takes anywhere from 25 to 60 minutes in fair weather, depending on each hiker's capabilities (higher temperatures and sunny conditions may force the hiker to take up to twice as long). A beginning hiker should allow 60 minutes for a leisurely ascent and 40 for descent. The path is mostly well marked. There are 4 spots that are confusing and hikers who are not familiar with the path will be forced to look around for the designated route. There are a few sections that are technically difficult as they are steep and there are no guard rails.
There are approximately fifteen miles of interconnecting trails in the Preserve, ranging from easy to difficult.[14] There are several differences in regulation between the Piestewa Peak summit trail and the rest of the interconnected Phoenix mountain preserve trail system. The greater trail system allows horseback riding, biking, and foot traffic, including dogs. Piestewa peak summit trail allows foot traffic only: no bicycles, dogs, or horses. The greater trail system is generally open to the public from sunrise to sunset. Piestewa peak (summit trail only) is open from sunrise until 11:00 PM. This unique late availability combined with proximity to city lights, and a light-colored rock translates to a popular location for night hikes.
See also
- Squaw Peak Inn – historic inn near the mountain
References
- ^ a b "Squaw Peak Reset". NGS Data Sheet. National Geodetic Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce. Retrieved 2009-12-01.
- ^ "Piestewa Peak, Arizona". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2010-12-31.
- ^ a b "Piestewa Peak". SummitPost.org. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
- ^ Pancrazio, Angela Cara (2003-05-26). "Piestewa is latest hard-to-pronounce name for Arizona". The Arizona Republic.
- ^ "Army Pfc. Lori Ann Piestewa". Military Times. Archived from the original on 2014-02-21. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
- ^ Davidson, Osha Gray (June 3, 2004). "The Forgotten Soldier, The unsung herione of the Jessica Lynch ambush in Iraq". Archived from the original on 2009-04-12. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
- ^ "Piestewa Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2009-12-01.
- ^ a b Bright, William. "The Sociolinguistics of the 'S- Word' : 'Squaw' in American Placenames". Archived from the original (DOC) on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
- ^ Ruelas, Richard (2008-04-24). "Inside the Squaw Peak Storm". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved 2009-12-01.
- ^ Cone Sexton, Connie (2008-03-31). "Will feds pick 'Piestewa Peak'?". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved 2009-12-01.
- ^ Cone Sexton, Connie (2008-04-10). "Squaw Peak officially Piestewa Peak". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
- ^ a b c "Piestewa Peak / Dreamy Draw". City of Phoenix. Archived from the original on 2014-02-21. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
- ^ "Wildflower Viewing in the Phoenix Desert Preserves". City of Phoenix. Archived from the original on 2014-02-21. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
- ^ a b "Piestewa Peak/Dreamy Draw Hiking Map and Trail Descriptions". City of Phoenix. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. Retrieved 2014-02-08.