Pincer nail

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Pincer nail
Other namesOmega nails, Trumpet nails, Pincer nail deformity
SpecialtyDermatology

Pincer nails are a toenail disorder in which the lateral edges of the nail slowly approach one another, compressing the nailbed and underlying dermis. It occurs less often in the fingernails than toenails, and there usually are no symptoms.[1][2]: 788–9 

Hereditary pincer nails have been described although the genes or mutations causing the hereditary form seem to be unknown.[3]

Signs and symptoms

Pincer nail is characterized by an increase in the maximum transverse curvature, which pushes the nail edges down into the lateral nail fold, as well as thickening and narrowing of the

nail bed at the distal end along the longitudinal axis of the nail plate in a proximal to distal manner. Affected patients' daily lives are negatively impacted by the curvature that rises along the distal sides of the nail, resulting in excruciating pain, persistent inflammation, and recurring infections.[4]

Causes

Pincer nails cause is unknown, although it may be acquired or inherited.

systemic lupus erythematosus.[6][7]

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of pincer nails in clinical.

nail plate that grows from proximal to distal. Additionally, the contour of the nail plate in ingrown nails stays normal while the nail steadily grows in height.[9]

Treatment

Correcting the curvature that pinches the fingers and toes in order to produce a nail that is aesthetically normal is the goal of pincer nail treatment.[10] There is no established course of treatment for pincer nails, despite the use of conservative, surgical, and combination therapies. Conservative treatment is associated with recurrence/temporary remission and is a straightforward procedure.[4] On the other hand, although the surgical treatment has a decreased rate of recurrence, it comes with a price: extreme pain, an unattractive appearance, secondary infection, wound necrosis, and sensory disruption.[11]

Epidemiology

Pincer nail has an incidence rate of about 0.9% and usually affects the hallux toenails on the outer, inside, and bilateral sides; fingernails and other toenails are rarely affected.[12]

See also

References

  1. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1
    .
  2. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0
    .
  3. PMID 11829181
    .
  4. ^
    PMID 32382542
    .
  5. PMID 4743435
    .
  6. PMID 16208437
    .
  7. PMID 27130395
    .
  8. PMID 37554671
    .
  9. PMID 19889164
    .
  10. PMID 12711965
    .
  11. PMID 25984904
    .
  12. PMID 12734512
    .

Further reading

External links
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