Pinhas Rutenberg
Pinhas Rutenberg | |
---|---|
Born | |
Died | 3 January 1942 | (aged 62)
Pinhas Rutenberg (
Socialist and revolutionary
Pinhas Rutenberg was born in the town of
For Sunday, 22 January [
Gapon and Rutenberg fled abroad, being welcomed in Europe both by prominent Russian emigrants (such as
Gapon soon revealed to Rutenberg his contacts with the police and tried to recruit him, too, reasoning that double loyalty was helpful to the workers' cause. However, Rutenberg betrayed his trust and reported this provocation to his party leaders, Yevno Azef and Boris Savinkov. Azef demanded that the traitor be put to death. Ironically, he was in fact an agent provocateur himself, exposed by Vladimir Burtsev in 1908.
On 26 March 1906, Gapon arrived to meet Rutenberg in a rented cottage outside Saint Petersburg, and after a month Gapon was found there hanged. Rutenberg asserted later that Gapon was condemned by a comrades' court and that three S.R. party combatants overheard their conversation from the next room. After Gapon had repeated his collaboration proposal, Rutenberg called the comrades into the room and he left. When he returned, Gapon was dead.
However, the S.R. party leadership refused to assume responsibility, announcing that the execution was undertaken by Rutenberg individually and that the cause was a personal one, denying ever having sent their comrades to the meeting on 26 March. Rutenberg was then condemned and expelled from the party.
Turn to Zionism
Forced to emigrate, Rutenberg settled in
After
He found strong support among Jewish organizations in
While in the US, Rutenberg managed to complete a detailed design for utilizing the Land of Israel's hydraulic resources for irrigation and electrical power production, which was his long-time dream.
Anti-Bolshevik
Rutenberg greeted the Russian February Revolution of 1917, and in July 1917 he returned to Petrograd, welcomed by the prime minister of the Russian Provisional Government, Alexander Kerensky, also an S.R party member. Despite 12 years of absence in Russia, Rutenberg was soon named vice-president of the Petrograd municipality, the local Duma.
In a couple of months,
In March 1918, when German troops approached Petrograd, the Bolsheviks released Rutenberg, among many others. He moved to Moscow, the new capital, and took a position in the
In Palestine
In 1919, Rutenberg appeared in
However, his first contribution after arrival was establishing, together with Jabotinsky, the Jewish self-defense militia, the Haganah.[dubious ] Rutenberg was the chief officer of these troops in Tel Aviv during the Arab hostilities in 1921.
He participated in the demarcation of Mandatory Palestine's northern border, defining British and French areas of interest.
In 1921 – over fierce Arab-Palestinian protests against giving the
The formidable achievement of Rutenberg was the "
In October 1934 Rutenberg acted as mediator between
On 17 September 1939 Rutenberg was elected for the second time as the president of the Jewish National Council. That same year Rutenberg moved into his new mansion on the Carmel overlooking Haifa. However, suffering from throat cancer he moved to Jerusalem in July 1941 to be nearer to Hadassah Hospital.
Rutenberg died in Jerusalem on 3 January 1942 at age 62. He left his house for the education of youth. The current resident at Beyt Rutenberg (Rutenberg House) is the Rutenberg Institute.[11] A large modern power station near Ashkelon is named after him. Additionally, streets in Ramat Gan and Netanya are named in his honor.
References
- ^ "Gallery of the first power stations". Israel Electric Corporation. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ Shamir, Ronen (2013) "Current Flow: The Electrification of Palestine". Stanford: Stanford University Press.
- Time magazine. 4 March 1929. Archived from the originalon 1 October 2007. Retrieved 24 May 2007.
- ^ Avitzur, Shmuel. "The Power Plant on Two Rivers". Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 12 May 2007.
- Time magazine. 4 April 1932. Archived from the originalon 24 May 2011. Retrieved 12 May 2007.
- ^ Naor, Mordechai (25 January 2004). "An electrifying story". Haaretz. Retrieved 12 May 2007.
- ^ "October 26, 1934 Agreement Signed in London Between Labor and Revisionist Movements". cojs.org. Center for Online Judaic Studies. 24 December 2017. Retrieved 10 December 2022.
- ^ "Jabotinsky and Ben-Gurion Meeting in London". israeled.org. Center for Israel Education. Retrieved 10 December 2022.
- ^ "ZIONIST LEADERS SIGN PEACE PACT; Agreement Designed to End Riotous Outbreaks Among Various Jewish Groups". The New York Times. 28 October 1934. Retrieved 10 December 2022.
- ^ "Pinḥas Rutenberg". jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved 10 December 2022.
- ^ Rutenberg Institute
External links
- Popular Mechanics, November 1930
- Rutenberg and the Jordan River:A revolution in hydro-electricity
- RUTENBERG, PINḤAS by Moshe Medzini. Encyclopaedia Judaica article at Encyclopedia.com
- Pinhas Rutenberg