Pinot gris

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
"Malvoisie" redirects here. For the Spanish wine grape also known as Malvoisie, see
Viura
.
For the French/Italian grape also known as Malvoisie, see Vermentino. For the French wine grape that is known as Pinot Gris Mendoza, see Canari noir.

Pinot gris
Burgundy, France
Notable regions(see major regions)
VIVC number9275

Pinot gris, Pinot grigio (

skin-contact wine
.

Pinot gris is grown around the globe, with the "spicy"

Germany, where the grape is known as Ruländer, or more commonly, Grauburgunder.[2]

History

Like Pinot blanc (right), Pinot gris (center) is a color mutation of Pinot noir (left).

Pinot gris has been known since the Middle Ages in the

Cistercian monks: the brothers planted the vines on the slopes of Badacsony bordering Lake Balaton in 1375. The vine soon after developed the name Szürkebarát meaning "grey monk". In 1711, a German merchant named Johann Seger Ruland (re)discovered a grape growing wild in the fields of the Palatinate. The subsequent wine he produced became known as Ruländer, and the vine was later discovered to be Pinot gris.[1]

Until the 18th and 19th centuries, the grape was a popular planting in Burgundy and

Champagne, but poor yields and unreliable crops caused the grape to fall out of favor in those areas. The same fate nearly occurred in Germany, but vine breeders in the early 20th century were able to develop clonal varieties that would produce a more consistent and reliable crop.[1]

Researchers at the

mutation that occurred centuries ago. The leaves and the vines of both grapes are so similar that the coloration is the only aspect that differentiates the two.[3]

Santa Margherita wine group, a wine producer, located in the north of Italy, has been the first company in the world in 1961 to vinify pink Pinot grigio grapes as a white wine.[4]

Around 2005, Pinot gris was enjoying increasing popularity in the marketplace, especially in its Pinot grigio incarnation and similar New World varietal wines.[5]

Regions

An Italian Pinot grigio from the Alto Adige region

The total area cultivated by this vine worldwide is about 115,000 hectares.

France

Alsace

A Pinot gris Vendange Tardive from Alsace, i.e. a sweet late harvest wine

A major grape in Alsace, grown on 13.9% of the region's vineyard surface in 2006,[14] the varietal Pinot-Gris d'Alsace [fr] is markedly different from Pinot gris found elsewhere. The cool climate of Alsace and warm volcanic soils are particularly well suited for Pinot gris, with its dry autumns allowing plenty of time for the grapes to hang on the vines, often resulting in wines of very powerful flavors.[15]

Pinot gris is one of the so-called

Vendange Tardive and Sélection de Grains Nobles.[16]

Previously, the Pinot gris wines produced in Alsace were originally labeled Tokay d'Alsace. In the

Tokaj-Hegyalja region.[19] Therefore, in 1993, an agreement was reached between Hungary and the European Union to phase out the name Tokay from non-Hungarian wine. In the case of Alsace, Tokay Pinot gris was adopted as an intermediate step, with the "Tokay" part to be eliminated in 2007.[17][20][21]
Many producers had implemented the change to plain Pinot gris on their labels by the early 2000s, several years before the deadline.

In the Loire Valley, Pinot gris produces a single variety rose wine described as 'gris' in Reuilly AOC.

Australia

Pinot gris was first introduced into Australia in 1832 in the collection of grapes brought by

Victoria, wines from the grape are labeled both Pinot gris and Pinot grigio, depending on the sweetness of wine, with the drier wines being labeled Pingt Grigio.[23]

Germany

Grauburgunder cultivation in Germany is divided by wine-growing area as follows:

Wine region Vineyards (hectares)
Ahr 3
Baden 1,636
Franken
 48
Hessische Bergstraße 38
Mittelrhein 3
Moselle
 79
Nahe 210
Palatinate 1,044
Rheingau 19
Rheinhessen 1,153
Saale-Unstrut
 30
Saxony 41
Stargader Land -
Württemberg 105
Total for Germany in 2007 4,413

Source: Vine area statistics, 13 March 2008,

Statistisches Bundesamt, Wiesbaden 2008 in Beschreibende Sortenliste des Bundessortenamtes 2008, p. 198 ff.[24]

Hungary

In Hungary, this variety of wine is called Szürkebarát and is produced primarily in the Badacsony, Mátra, and Balaton-felvidék regions.

Italy

Pinot grigio is a popular planting in northeastern Italy, in regions such as Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

In Italy, where the grape is known as Pinot grigio, plantings can be found in the Lombardy region around Oltrepò Pavese[25] and in South Tyrol, Italy's northernmost wine region.[26] The grape is also prominent in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region.[27]

New Zealand

Pinot gris is grown in both the

Waipara), with 2,488 hectares (6,150 acres) producing as of 2019. This is a nearly eight-fold increase since 2003.[28] In 2007, Pinot gris overtook Riesling as the third most planted white variety after Sauvignon blanc and Chardonnay. Half of all plantings are in Canterbury and Marlborough, with the wine developing a "rich, flinty, fruit-laden character".[29]

United States

A Pinot gris from the Russian River Valley of California

Eyrie Vineyards planted the first American Pinot gris vines in Oregon in 1965. Hoping to increase sales, Lett started to graft Riesling vines to Pinot gris in 1979.[30] The grape originally had difficulties finding a sustainable market until Lett began marketing the wine to salmon traders as a good match to the fish. The wine's popularity only increased slightly until the mid-1990s, when well-capitalized larger producers entered the picture with enough volume to warrant expensive marketing.[3] In 1991, King Estate Winery was the world's leading producer of premium Pinot gris and farmed the world's largest contiguous organic vineyard, which contains over 300 acres (1.2 km2) of Pinot gris grapes.[31]

There are about 1,620 acres (660 ha) planted in the Central and South coastal areas of California.[32] The Pinot gris from California is often called Pinot grigio because of its similarity in style to the wine of Italy.[33]

Pinot gris can be found in the northern regions of

Ohio
, which is considered part of the pinot trail.

Viticulture

Pinot gris thrives in cooler climates, with the major growing regions being

ripening, often display a pinkish-gray hue, although the colors can vary from blue-gray to pinkish-brown.[32]
Pinot gris is often blended with Pinot Noir to enrich and lighten the Pinot Noir's flavor.[35]

Wine characteristics

Color variations among different styles of Pinot gris. (L-R) Italian Pinot grigio with a straw yellow color, Alsatian Pinot gris with a lemon color, Oregon Pinot gris with a copper-pink color.

Wines made from the Pinot gris vary greatly and are dependent on the region and wine-making style they are from.

arugula notes. The Pinot grigio style of Italy is a light-bodied, often lean wine that is light in color with sometimes spritzy flavors that can be crisp and acidic.[37]

Pinot gris is considered an "early to market wine" that can be bottled and out on the market within 4–12 weeks after fermentation.[38]

Synonyms

Pinot gris is called by many names in different parts of the world:

Synonym of Pinot gris Country / Region
Auxerrois gris France Alsace
Fauvet France France
Fromentau / Fromentot France Languedoc
Grauburgunder / Grauer Burgunder Austria Austria Germany Germany (dry)
Grauer Mönch Germany Germany
Grauklevner Germany Germany
Gris cordelier France France
Malvoisie France Loire Valley Switzerland Switzerland
Μονεμβασία Greece Greece
Pinot grigio Italy Italy United States California Australia Australia
Pinot beurot
Burgundy
Ruländer Austria Austria Germany Germany Romania Romania (sweet)
Rulandské šedé Czech Republic Czech Republic Slovakia Slovakia
Sivi pinot Croatia Croatia Slovenia Slovenia
Szürkebarát Hungary Hungary
Tokay d'Alsace France Alsace (renamed to Pinot gris due to EU regulations)
Піно ґрі, Піно сірий Ukraine Ukraine
Пино-гри Russia Russia
灰皮诺 China China

See also

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 1-85732-999-6
    .
  2. ISBN 9781905819157
    .
  3. ^
    ISBN 1-56305-434-5
    .
  4. ^ Barlow, Seth (March 29, 2016). "5 Things You Never Knew About the World's Most Popular Pinot Grigio". olooneys.com. O'Looney's Wine & Liquor. Retrieved February 17, 2022. Santa Margherita Pinot Grigio is one of the world's most popular wines. Available in over 70 countries, it's a common site on dinner tables and wine lists all over America, but how much do you know about this famous wine?
  5. ^ Wine Business Insider Pinot grigio and Pinot gris Poised to Overtake White Zinfandel 10/10/2005.
  6. ^ "Areas of vines and grape production by variety – 2007–08". Annual Report 2008–2009. Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation. 2009. p. 89. Retrieved November 25, 2014.
  7. ONIVINS
    , 2008.
  8. ^ LES CEPAGES NOIRS DANS LE VIGNOBLE (PDF), Statistics on red wine varieties per major region, part 2, publication by ONIVINS, 2008.
  9. ^ Deutsches Weininstitut (2013), Statistik 2013/2014 (in German), Mainz{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  10. ^ "New Zealand Winegrowers Annual Report 2019". New Zealand Winegrowers. 2019. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
  11. ^ "New Zealand Wine: Statistics & Reports". New Zealand Winegrowers. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
  12. ^ "Rulandské šedé – Wines of Slovakia ::|:: Imagine". www.winesofslovakia.com. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  13. ^ Das Weinjahr 2008 (PDF), published by the Office fédéral de l'agriculture OFAG.
  14. ^ CIVA website, read on September 9, 2007.
  15. ISBN 0-15-100714-4
    .
  16. ISBN 1-84000-332-4
    .
  17. ^
    ISBN 0-19-860990-6
    .
  18. ISBN 1-56305-434-5
    .
  19. ISBN 1-56305-434-5
    .
  20. ISBN 0-19-860990-6
    .
  21. ^ "Decanter October 11, 2006: Italians lament the end of Tocai". Archived from the original on January 12, 2009. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
  22. ^ Queensland Tourism,The World Atlas of Wine Fair Trade and Wine Industry Development. "Pinot gris". Archived from the original on April 9, 2007.
  23. ISBN 1-84000-332-4
    .
  24. ^ Beschreibende Sortenliste des Bundessortenamtes 2008(pdf; 507 kB) Archived 2015-11-23 at the Wayback Machine.
  25. ISBN 1-84000-332-4
    .
  26. ISBN 1-84000-332-4
    .
  27. ISBN 1-84000-332-4
    .
  28. ^ NZ Wine Institute Planted Area Statistics Archived 2007-03-31 at the Wayback Machine.
  29. ^ NZ Wine Institute Aromatics Information Archived 2006-11-16 at the Wayback Machine.
  30. ISBN 0-520-24176-2
    .
  31. The Wine Anorak
    , July 30, 2008.
  32. ^ a b Professional Friends of Wine: Pinot Grigio Archived 2011-10-26 at the Wayback Machine.
  33. ^ "Pinot Gris – The Other White Wine". Archived from the original on July 7, 2007. Retrieved March 23, 2007.
  34. ISBN 9780811878197
    .
  35. ^ Pinot Gris and Pinot Grigio
  36. ^ Rosen, Jennifer (June 24, 2009). "Why Am I Drinking Pinot Grigio, or is it Pinot Gris?". Wine: Features. Novus Vinum. Retrieved July 14, 2011.
  37. ISBN 1-56305-434-5
    .
  38. ^ A. Crowe Making Great Early-to-Market White Wines Wine Business Monthly, 02/15/2007.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pinot_gris&oldid=1218375296"