Pita Limjaroenrat

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In this Thai name, the person is referred to by his given name, Pita, and not by his surname, Limjaroenrat.

Pita Limjaroenrat
พิธา ลิ้มเจริญรัตน์
Pita in 2023
Member of the House of Representatives
Assumed office
24 March 2019[note 1]
ConstituencyParty-list
Advisory Chairman of Move Forward Party
Assumed office
23 September 2023
Preceded byPosition established
Leader of the Move Forward Party
In office
14 March 2020 – 23 September 2023
Preceded byThanathorn Juangroongruangkit (as Leader of the Future Forward Party)
Succeeded byChaithawat Tulathon
Personal details
Born (1980-09-05) 5 September 1980 (age 43)
Bangkok, Thailand
Political partyMove Forward (since 2020)
Other political
affiliations		Future Forward (2018–2020)
Spouse
Chutima Teepanart
​
​
(m. 2012; div. 2019)​
Children1
Education
WebsiteCampaign website
NicknameTim (ทิม)[1]

Pita Limjaroenrat (Thai: พิธา ลิ้มเจริญรัตน์, RTGS: Phitha Limcharoenrat, pronounced [pʰí(ʔ).tʰāː lím.tɕā.rɤ̄ːn.rát] ⓘ; born 5 September 1980), nicknamed Tim (Thai: ทิม), is a Thai businessman and politician. A member of the House of Representatives, he previously served as Leader of the Move Forward Party, the de facto successor to the dissolved Future Forward Party, from 2020 to 2023.

Educated in New Zealand, Pita studied finance in Thailand. He further studied politics and business in the United States, having received various scholarships. Upon his return to Thailand in 2005, he took over his family’s rice bran oil company and helped it gain its foothold. After obtaining a master’s degree in the US, he continued his work in business. In 2019, Pita was approached by the pro-democracy Future Forward Party to be a party-list candidate for the 2019 general elections. He accepted and ultimately won a seat in the House of Representatives. Upon the dissolution of Future Forward in 2020, Pita was selected to lead the newly formed Move Forward Party.

Pita led Move Forward to become the largest party in the 2023 general election, winning 151 seats. Forming a coalition with fellow pro-democracy parties, he announced plans to be elected prime minister of Thailand. In the first round of parliamentary voting on 13 July 2023, he was not elected by the National Assembly, as he lacked the votes from the Senate. Later, on 19 July, he was suspended as an MP by the Constitutional Court over shares in the defunct broadcaster ITV. Pita's second nomination on the same day was blocked by the National Assembly. Move Forward ultimately joined the opposition following a dispute with their initial coalition partner, Pheu Thai. Pita resigned as leader of Move Forward in September 2023. He was succeeded by Chaithawat Tulathon, but continues to be active in the party. On 24 January, the Constitutional Court cleared him of wrongdoing, securing his status as a Member of the House of Representatives.

Early life and education

Pita was born on 5 September 1980.[1][2] He is the eldest son of Pongsak Limjaroenrat, who previously served as an adviser to the Minister of Agriculture and Cooperatives, and Linda Limjaroenrat. His uncle, Padung Limjaroenrat, was a former secretary to the Interior Minister and closely associated with then-Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra.[3][4]

Pita's education began at Bangkok Christian College. At the age of 11, he moved to Hamilton, New Zealand,[5] where he stayed with a middle-class host family. During his time in New Zealand, he took on part-time jobs, including delivering newspapers and milk, to support himself. His interest in politics was sparked in an unexpected way: due to the limited television options, which were mostly Australian soap operas or parliamentary debates, he found himself drawn to the political discussions. This exposure, particularly to speeches by Jim Bolger, then the Prime Minister of New Zealand, played a significant role in developing his political interests.[6]

After completing his secondary education in New Zealand, Pita returned to Thailand and enrolled in Thammasat University, where he pursued a bachelor's degree in finance at the Faculty of Commerce and Accountancy. He graduated in 2002 with first-class honors and received a scholarship to study at the University of Texas at Austin.[7] During his time in Austin, the 2000 U.S. presidential election unfolded, which Pita notes had a significant impact on his political views.[8] He then earned an international student scholarship to Harvard University, making him the first Thai student to achieve this distinction.[9][10][11] Pita has expressed that his experiences at Harvard greatly influenced his political beliefs and future policy goals.[12]

Pita's engagement in political circles extended to his involvement with economic advisor Somkid Jatusripitak. This included accompanying then-Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra to New York City for a United Nations General Assembly meeting in September 2006. However, Thaksin, who had written Pita's recommendation letter for Harvard,[13] was unable to deliver his speech due to a military coup on 19 September, leading to his departure for London.

Following the coup, upon his return to Thailand, Pita faced a brief detention, which caused him to miss part of his father's funeral.

John F. Kennedy School of Government of Harvard University and a Master of Business Administration degree at the Sloan School of Management of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2011.[4]

Business career

At the age of 25, Pita returned to Thailand to take over as managing director of CEO Agrifood, a rice bran oil business run by his family, after the death of his father.[15][16] The company was able to regain its foothold two years after and allowed Pita to return to the United States where he finished his master's degree in 2011.[5]

He also served as the executive director of Grab Thailand from 2017 to 2018.[17][5]

Political career

Member of the House of Representatives

Pita when he was an MP in 2020

Pita became a member of the Future Forward Party (Thai: พรรคอนาคตใหม่, RTGS: Phak Anakhot Mai) following an invitation from the party leader Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit. He ran as a candidate in the 2019 Thai general election and was elected as the fourth party-list representative for his party in the House of Representatives.[18][a]

In July 2019, Pita gave a speech in the House of Representatives about the "Five-Button Theory." This theory highlighted the need for government focus on key agricultural policies, including land ownership, farmers' debts, cannabis, agro-tourism, and water resources. His speech, notable for transcending party lines, received commendation from Interior Minister Anupong Paochinda.[20][21]

Following the dissolution of the Future Forward Party by the Constitutional Court on 21 February 2020, Pita was chosen as the leader of the newly established Move Forward Party (Thai: พรรคก้าวไกล, RTGS: Phak Kao Klai). He, along with 54 former members of parliament from the disbanded party, joined this new party.[22][23][24][25] Pita's formal election as the leader of the Move Forward Party occurred on 14 March 2020.[26][27]

2023 general election

Pita announces a government formation following the 2023 general election, 18 May 2023

Pita, leading the Move Forward Party, achieved a notable victory in the 2023 general election, securing the majority of seats (151).[28] This outcome was unexpected for many, as the Pheu Thai party was widely anticipated to be the frontrunner.[29] Following this victory, on 15 May 2023, Pita expressed his readiness to assume the role of prime minister. He reached out to the Pheu Thai Party and several smaller parties, proposing the formation of a coalition government.[30]

On 22 May, Pita and his coalition partners held a press conference, where they focused on key issues such as drafting a new constitution through the Constituent Assembly, implementing military reforms, introducing voluntary conscription, legalizing same-sex marriage, and decentralizing the economy.[31][32] Pita also mentioned that his campaign strategies were inspired by Barack Obama's 2008 US presidential campaign.[33]

However, despite the coalition's majority in the House, Pita needed the support of both elected MPs and unelected senators, who were appointed by the previous military junta, to be officially elected as Prime Minister.[34]

On 9 June, the

Shin Corporation, previously owned by Thaksin Shinawatra, a former Thai Prime Minister now in exile.[35] The constitution prohibits shareholders of media organizations from participating in general elections.[36] Instead of pursuing these complaints, the EC initiated a criminal investigation to determine if Pita knowingly violated election eligibility rules, specifically sections of the organic law on the election of MPs.[36][37]

Pita stated that he inherited the iTV shares from his father's estate. iTV had ceased broadcasting in 2007 and was removed from the Stock Exchange of Thailand in 2014. According to Pita, the company hadn't produced significant media-related income for years, except for minor earnings from a subsidiary involved in broadcasting equipment rental.[36] Despite the ongoing investigation by the EC, Pita was among the 500 MPs officially endorsed by the EC on 19 June.[38] On 27 June, he announced having sufficient support from the military-appointed Senate to secure the position of Prime Minister.[39]

Attempts to form a government

Pita addressing his supporters after the general election, 18 May 2023.

Following the general election and subsequent coalition announcement, the House of Representatives held its first session on 5 July to select a Speaker, Wan Muhamad Noor Matha, founder of the coalition-member party, the Prachachat Party.[40] In the days preceding the premiership vote, Pita and the MFP party held rallies with supporters in Bangkok.[41] Pita appealed to the assembly to support his government, in accordance with the mandate granted by the people in the general election.[42]

On 12 July, the Constitutional Court said it had accepted a complaint against Pita and the Move Forward Party by the Election Commission, that said its plan to reform lèse-majesté laws amounted to an attempt to "overthrow the democratic regime of government with the king as a head of state".[43] The Commission referred Pita for disqualification as an MP; Pita called the process unfair, and said he wasn't allowed to defend himself before the decision.[44] The day before the parliamentary vote, Pita warned assembly members that there would be a "high price" if his premiership was denied.[45]

On 13 July the

Dr. Chonlanan Srikaew, Pita was the only member of the assembly to be put forward.[46] Despite securing a majority-coalition in the lower house, Pita was unable to win enough votes from the assembly in the first ballot, particularly the 250 members of the Senate, appointed by the National Council for Peace and Order in May 2019, to become the country's next prime minister.[47][48] 324 members of the National Assembly voted to approve Pita's premiership (311 of which were MPs and 13 of which were junta-appointed senators), 182 disapproved and 199 abstained. Of the 705 votes, Pita fell 51 votes short of a majority, as he required 375 votes in order to be appointed Prime Minister.[49][50] Subsequent protests occurred in the evening following the vote; the voting system was criticized for being undemocratic, and contradictory to the mandate given by the people.[51][52] The failure of the National Assembly to produce a Prime Minister led to Thai stocks underperforming.[53] The newspaper Khaosod described the vote as a 'trap set in advance.'[54] Despite this, Pita said he would still pursue the role of prime minister, and would not back down on his promise to reform the lèse-majesté law.[55][56]

Pita speaking with journalists 10 days before the 1st prime ministership election, 3 July 2023.

Protests continued, with many demanding that the senators resign.[57] On July 15, Pita announced his coalition had agreed to put his name forward for the next round of voting, but also said he was ready to allow a member of the Pheu Thai party to be nominated if his second bid were to be unsuccessful, or if he would be unable to gain significantly more votes than the previous ballot.[58] On 19 July the National Assembly convened to elect a new Prime Minister for a second time following the general election.[59] On the same day, the Constitutional Court unamimously voted to accept a case against Pita regarding his inherited shares of the defunct iTV. They also voted 7–2 to suspend him from MP duty until it reached a ruling, but it not preclude him from being nominated for prime minister.[60][61][62] During the assembly proceedings, Pita announced he would acknowledge the decision, and left the chamber.[63] In the subsequent debate, the National Assembly voted against considering him for another round of voting for Prime Minister.[64] Pita was nominated by Pheu Thai MP Suthin Klangsaeng,[65] but the proposal was argued to have been against a parliamentary rule prohibiting a repeat motion.[66][67][68][64] In the voting for his renomination, 312 voters supported, 394 rejected—most of which were senators—eight abstained and one (Pita) did not vote.[67][69][70]

Brief suspension and resignation

In accordance with the vote in the assembly, Pita could not stand for Prime Minister until a new session after the next general election.[71] Despite being the largest party in the opposition Pita stated he did not have intentions to assume the role as leader of the opposition. Pita’s reasoning was that he intended to become prime minister and that the PM position was simply a role to expand Thai democracy.[72] Pita remained under suspension as an MP, but initially signaled his support for a Pheu Thai party PM candidate.[73][74] On 2 August 2023, Move Forward and Pheu Thai split, as Pheu Thai pulled out of the original coalition to form one of their own.[75] The Pheu Thai party pulled back on their election pledge to not join with pro-junta parties, and the Move Forward party refused to rescind their own election pledge to reform the Lèse-majesté law.[76]

"When people ask me 'How do you feel that you have failed?' and I would respond back to them that I won, I formed, and I got blocked. I didn't fail."

- Pita Limjaroenrat[77]

On 22 August, Pheu Thai candidate

National Assembly of Thailand.[78] All present (149) MFP members voted against Thavisin's bid for Prime Minister.[79] Following Srettha's election as prime minister, Pita gave him a congratulatory phone call.[80]

On 20 August 2023, Pita began campaigning for the Move Forward party in the run-up to the by-election in Constituency 3 of Rayong Province,[81] which was contested by the Move Forward, Democrat and Nation Building Labour party, following the resignation of the Move Forward MP elected there.[82] MFP's candidate, Pongsathorn Sornpetnarin, won the election on 10 September.[83]

Pita Limjaroenrat speaking with VOA News in Washington D.C.

On 15 September 2023, Pita announced his resignation as Leader of the Move Forward Party.[84][85] He cited his inability to perform duties in the House, pending a ruling regarding his suspension status as an MP in the Constitutional Court, hindering his ability to become the Leader of the Opposition.[86] In his announcement, Pita stressed the importance of the position of Leader of the Opposition, and said it must provide "checks and balance" to the government.[87] He reiterated he would remain active in Thai politics and the party, regardless of his role.[88] Pita said that Move Forward would select a new leader to replace him on 23 September, who would lead the party and the opposition in the House of Representatives.[89][90] He was replaced by Secretary-General Chaithawat Tulathon as party leader.[91] Chaithawat said his leadership was part of "temporary restructure", and said he would be "willing to step down once Pita resumes the position as an MP in the parliament again".[92]

During his suspension, Pita criticized the system of government in Thailand, considering his inability to become Prime Minister un-democratic.[93] Pita embarked on a visit to the United States in October 2023 to discuss the political situation in Thailand.[94] He spoke at various universities, and met with government officials from Australia, New Zealand, and the US.[95][96][97] Most notably, he returned to the Harvard Kennedy School, and spoke with students interested in politics about his experience. He cited his work at Harvard partially for his ability to win the election, but criticized the political establishment for blocking him from power.[98] He also received an honorary master's degree and lectured about Thailand and ASEAN at the Harvard Asia Center.[99] He also spoke at MIT.[100] Earlier he met with the Thai diaspora and was honored at the TIME 100 Next gala in New York City.[101] Pita criticized the Srettha government's digital wallet scheme, calling it “old fashioned”.[102] On Srettha’s premiership, Pita argued his administration should be given more time to prove its ability to lead, while also recommending adjustments in policy.[103]

Return to Parliament

Statement of the Constitutional Court clearing Pita of wrongdoing, allowing his return to the Parliament.

By December, a date was set for 24 January for the verdict in Pita’s iTV case. The Constitutional Court extended the original deadline for the case, with Pita permitted to prepare his defense by 12 December, and the hearings beginning by 20 December.[104] He was accused by the Election Commission of holding stocks in a media company and therefore violating Thailand’s election laws; the argument being that Pita knowingly applied to run for office in 2019 and 2023 while holding stake in a media company.[105] The defunct 42,000 iTV media shares in questions were inherited from his father after he died, and the company had been defunct since before the election in 2007.[106] The shares had since been transferred to his relatives. Pita welcomed the opportunity to present evidence to the court, and said he was not worried.[105] After preparing a statement on 15 December, he arrived at the Constitutional Court to answer questions and deliver his final testimony relating to the case on 20 December, and expressed confidence in  the justice system, believing he “will receive justice”.[103] That same day, the court announced it would deliver its verdict at 2:00 PM on 24 January 2024.[106] On the day of the verdict, the court was surrounded by Pita and MFP supporters, warranting increased security. Pita arrived at the court at 12:45 PM on 24 January, along with Chaithawat.[107] After more than 30 minutes of reading the verdict, the Constitutional Court cleared Pita of any wrongdoing, allowing him to return to Parliament.[108] While addressing the press outside the court, Pita said he hoped to return to the legislature “as soon as possible”.[109] Upon being reinstated as an MP, Pita set to work in his capacities in the party and in the House, officially returning to the Parliament the next day on 25 January, notably wearing the same tie he wore on the day of his suspension.[110][111] He outlined Move Forward’s six goals for the country the following day, which included a proposed amnesty bill for criminal cases that were political in nature. Pita announced a total of 47 draft bills set to be introduced into the legislature, which included policies for military reforms, quality of life, and rural development.[112] He also dismissed allegations that the party was not doing enough to scrutinize the government.[113] During his policy outline, Pita did not mention reforming the lèse-majesté law, which drew criticism from former Future Forward party officials.[114]

In late December, Chaithawat Tulathon said he would be ready to resign as party leader were Pita to be acquitted, believing most party members would support Pita for the position at the party’s upcoming general meeting in April 2024.[115] When asked if he will return to party leadership, Pita stated it would be decided at the April meeting.[110] After his reinstatement, he stated he was “ready, willing, and able” to lead the country as the next prime minister, if the political situation demanded it.[116] In January, Chaithawat confirmed the party meeting would take place in late April.[117]

Simultaneously, Pita and the entire Move Forward Party were involved in another court case, in which they were accused via a petition of attempting to overthrow the monarchy of Thailand.[118] The Constitutional Court considered a petition which argued that the party’s attempt to reform the lese-majeste law amounted to an attempt to overthrow the monarchy.[119] If found guilty, the party may be dissolved, although in late December, when summoned to the court, Pita rejected that possibility.[120] Additionally, MFP leader Chaithawat Tulathon believed that their proposal to amend Section 112 of the Criminal Code was not a breach of the law or Section 49 of the Constitution. The original petitioner stated he was attempting to block a “violation” of the royal institution, and was not intending for his case to dissolve the Move Forward party.[121] In the days preceding the ruling, Pita reiterated the policy’s legality.[122] By December, both Pita and Chaithawat were interviewed in preparation for the court’s decision. The judges met at 9:30 AM on 31 January to confer their individual decisions.[123] Move Forward was not physically present at the court for the verdict, opting to watch from a conference room at the Parliament building; Pita and Chaithawat arrived at around 1:50 PM, and were once again swarmed by reporters. The court began reading the verdict at 2:14 PM.[124] After 43 minutes, the court ruled that Move Forward’s campaign promise to amend the lèse majesté was unlawful and tantamount to attempting to overthrow the monarchy, and ordered the party to cease related activities. The ruling effectively ended any national attempts to amend lèse majesté.[125] The verdict makes it possible for the Election Commission to ask for the party’s dissolution, which could also lead to Pita and other party executives being banned from politics for up to 10 years.[126] Pita believed the case damaged free speech and the health of Thai democracy, while Chaithawat stated the ruling changed the definition of a constitutional monarchy. CNA described the ruling as a “gag order”, and reported that some Move Forward MPs belived it would just be a matter of time before a petition would be filed to dissolve the party.[127] On 1 February, Ruangkrai Leekitwattana, who was a former Palang Pracharath party senator, filed a petition to the EC to dissolve the party. Ruangkrai had twice before petitioned the EC to dissolve the party and had filed the complaint against Pita for his iTV shares.[128]

Political positions

Pita giving a speech at Samyan Mitrtown in Bangkok

Pita has been described as a progressive by the standards of Thai politics.[129][130][131] His Move Forward Party, which he has led since 2020, has been referred to as center-left, reformist, pro-democratic, and progressive.[132][93]

Pita has frequently referred to the years between

demonopolization, and decentralization of the economy.[137] Pita thinks aspects of a welfare state are needed in Thailand.[138] He has said he would liberalize Thailand's liquor industry.[139][140]

Pita supports the legalization of same-sex marriage and has attended a pride parade in Bangkok.[141] Pita also believes in voluntary conscription for military service.[142]

Pita has centered his foreign policy on his "3Rs", 'Revive, Rebalance, and Recalibrate'.[143] He also stated that Thailand should be more assertive on the global stage and open more dialogue with greater powers, and that democratic values should be the core of Thailand's foreign policy.[144] Pita believes in “rules based world order” when approaching diplomacy, and said the 2014 coup may have isolated Thailand's Western allies, such as the United States.[145] Celebrating the 190 anniversary of American-Thai relations, Pita stated he “trusts the US - Thai alliance.”[146] Pita has condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine calling the Thai government's response "two-faced".[147][148] Pita celebrated Taiwan's National Day at the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in October 2023, despite the lack of government representatives.[149]

In an interview with CNA, Pita said he was inspired by Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew of Singapore, and has compared politics to a marathon rather than a sprint, saying "I have the stamina to run for a long time."[150] He has also cited U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders as another one of his political role models and owns a copy of the Senator's book "It's OK To Be Angry About Capitalism."[151][152] He also included Uruguayan President José Mujica as one of his political inspirations.[153]

Personal life

Pita with supporters in the United States, October 2023.

Pita married actress Chutima Teepanart on 12 December 2012.[154][155] The couple divorced in March 2019.[156] Chutima publicly alleged that Pita had been controlling and abusing her during their marriage.[157] Women's rights and pro-democracy activists called for Pita to respond to the allegations.[158][157] Chutima filed a lawsuit against Pita alleging bodily abuse, but it was dismissed as false by the family court.[159][160] Afterwards, she said, "Violence may not have been an issue, but he did harm me psychologically."[161] She has since downplayed the allegations and expressed support for his political ambitions.[159][160] They have one daughter.[161][162]

Pita enjoys rock music, particularly bands such as Coldplay, Metallica, and Radiohead among others.[13]

In addition to his native Thai, Pita speaks English.[163][164]

Popularity

In 2008, he was named as one of CLEO Thailand's "50 Most Eligible Bachelors".[4][165][166] In the aftermath of the 2023 Thai general elections, Pita was named as "TIME100 NEXT" by Time magazine. He was the only Thai who had been selected on the list in 2023.[167] He attended the TIME 100 Next gala night in New York on 24 October.[168]

According to results from a National Institute of Development Administration (Nida) poll survey, published at the end of 2023, Pita remained the most popular politician in Thailand, trumping Srettha Thavisin as the preferred prime minister.[169] Poll respondents stated he possesses good leadership qualities, is accessible to the new generation, and has a good personality.[170] Additionally, Move Forward remained the most popular party in Thailand, with opinion souring on Pheu Thai after their collaboration with military-aligned parties in the parliament.[171]

Notes

  1. ^ Suspended by the Constitutional Court from 19 July 2023 to 24 January 2024.
  1. ^ He became the third party-list representative after the first party-list representative and party leader Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit was disqualified by Thailand's constitutional court in November 2019.[19]

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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pita Limjaroenrat.
Party political offices
Preceded by
Pimai Ratthawongsa
acting
 Leader of Move Forward Party
2020 – present 		Incumbent
Preceded byas Leader of Future Forward Party
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pita_Limjaroenrat&oldid=1218186119"