Plauen
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Plauen | |
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Clockwise from top: view over the city centre, astronomical clock, St John's Church, old market, St Mark's Church, old and new city hall | |
Location of Plauen within Vogtlandkreis district | |
Coordinates: 50°29′N 12°07′E / 50.483°N 12.117°E | |
Country | Germany |
State | Saxony |
District | Vogtlandkreis |
Subdivisions | 5 city boroughs with 38 parts |
Government | |
• Lord mayor (2021–28) | Steffen Zenner[1] (CDU) |
Area | |
• Total | 102.11 km2 (39.42 sq mi) |
Elevation | 412 m (1,352 ft) |
Population (2022-12-31)[2] | |
• Total | 64,763 |
• Density | 630/km2 (1,600/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
Postal codes | 08523;-5;-7;-9 |
Dialling codes | 03741 |
Vehicle registration | V, AE, OVL, PL, RC |
Website | www |
Plauen (German pronunciation:
Although being a Saxon city, the regional
History
Plauen was founded by Polabian Slavs in the 12th century as "Plawe" and was passed to the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1327. The town was captured by the Archbishop of Magdeburg, Lippold von Bredow, in 1384. In 1466, it was passed to Albertine Saxony and later in 1569 to the Electorate of Saxony. Plauen became incorporated into the Kingdom of Saxony in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars, and in 1871 it became part of the German Empire.
In the late-19th century, Plauen became a centre of textile manufacturing, specializing in Chemical lace, called Plauen lace. Around 1910, Plauen, as an industrial 'boomtown' of the region, reached its population peak (1910 census: 121,000, 1912: 128,000). Plauen's population, however, has shrunk dramatically since the Second World War (1939: 111,000 inhabitants).
In the 1930s, Plauen hosted the first chapter of the Nazi Party outside of Bavaria.
During the war, the Nazis operated a prison in the town,[5] and three subcamps of the Flossenbürg concentration camp. 500 women, mostly Polish, but also Russian, Italian, French, Yugoslavian and Croatian, were imprisoned and used as forced labour in the first two subcamps,[6][7] and 50 men from various countries were imprisoned in the third subcamp.[8] It was occupied by American troops on 16 April 1945 but was left to Red Army on 1 July 1945. On December 15, 1945, the city issued 7 semi-postal postage stamps of its own to raise money for reconstruction.
From 1945 onwards, Plauen fell into the
The exposé
In the district reform of 1 July 2008, Plauen lost its
Jewish Community of Plauen
The Jewish community of Plauen dates back to the early 14th century [9] and numbered up to several houndreds between world wars. A reform-Jewish, bauhaus-style synagogue was opened in 1930, only to be demolished in 1938 during the Krystallnacht.
Plauen becoming a Nazi stronghold, attacks against the Jewish community were frequented in the 1920s.
A 3D-model of the Jewish Synagogue of Plauen was designed by Prof. Marc Grellert and his team from the TU Darmstadt as a part of his project to 3D design German synagogues that were demolished before, during and after the WW2. https://www.architektur.tu-darmstadt.de/fachbereich/aktuelles_arch/architektur_news_details_133952.de.jsp
Politics
The first freely elected mayor after German reunification was Rolf Magerkord of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), who served from 1990 to 2000. The mayor was originally chosen by the city council, but since 1994 has been directly elected. Ralf Oberdorfer of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) was mayor between 2000 and 2021. The most recent mayoral election was held in two rounds on 13 June and 4 July 2021, in which Steffen Zenner (CDU) was elected.[1]
The most recent city council election was held on 26 May 2019, and the results were as follows:
Party | Votes | % | +/- | Seats | +/- | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Christian Democratic Union (CDU) | 20,717 | 23.7 | 11.7 | 11 | 5 | |
Alternative for Germany (AfD) | 17,464 | 20.0 | New | 11 | New | |
The Left (Die Linke) | 12,728 | 14.5 | 6.9 | 6 | 3 | |
Social Democratic Party (SPD) | 12,245 | 14.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 2 | |
Free Democratic Party (FDP) | 8,687 | 9.9 | 2.6 | 4 | 1 | |
Alliance 90/The Greens (Grüne) | 7,529 | 8.6 | 2.7 | 3 | 1 | |
Initiative Plauen (WV) | 4,752 | 5.4 | 0.4 | 2 | ±0 | |
The III. Path
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3,366 | 3.8 | New | 1 | New | |
Valid votes | 30,247 | 98.2 | ||||
Invalid votes | 556 | 1.8 | ||||
Total | 30,803 | 100.0 | 42 | ±0 | ||
Electorate/voter turnout | 52,962 | 58.2 | 13.8 | |||
Source: Wahlen in Sachsen |
Industry and infrastructure
Vogtlandbahn (Vogtland Railway), a regional train company, operates services from Plauen to Hof, Werdau, Chemnitz, Zwickau, Falkenstein and Adorf within Germany and Cheb in the Czech Republic. At these stations, there are other Vogtlandbahn services to Munich, Regensburg, Marktredwitz, Dresden and Leipzig within Germany and Karlovy Vary and Prague in the Czech Republic. A Vogtlandbahn Express Bus service runs between Plauen and Berlin Schönefeld Airport and Zoological Garden.
The
Main sights
- Embroidery Machine Museum
- Museum Plauener Spitze
- Galerie e.O. plauen
- Old City Hall
- Elster Viaduct – second largest brick bridge in the world
- Friedensbrücke – largest stone arch bridge in the world
- Johanniskirche
- Old Elster Viaduct – oldest bridge in Saxony
- Malzhaus
Education and science
Plauen is home to a University of Applied Sciences with about 300 students and a DIPLOMA Fachhochschule.
Twin towns – sister cities
The urban district of Jößnitz is twinned with Heilsbronn, Germany.[13]
Notable people
- Teutonic Knights
- Christoph Pezel (1539–1604), theologian
- Johann von Mayr (1716–1759), Prussian general
- Ferdinand Gotthelf Hand (1786–1851), philologist
- Eduard Friedrich Poeppig (1798–1868), botanist, zoologist and explorer
- Gustav Hartenstein (1808–1890), philosopher
- Charles Beyer (1813–1876), locomotive designer and engineer
- Emil Kautzsch(1841–1910), theologian
- Arwed Rossbach(1844–1902), architect in Leipzig
- Hermann Vogel (1854–1921), illustrator
- Kurt Helbig (1901–1975), weightlifter
- Friedrich Hielscher (1902–1990), religious philosopher, writer and resistance fighter against Nazism
- E.O. Plauen(1903–1944), cartoonist
- Paul Wessel (1904–1967), politician (SED)
- Egon Zill (1906–1974), Nazi SS commandant of the Flossenbürg concentration camp
- Werner Hartenstein (1908–1943), war-time commander of U-156
- Walter Ballhause (1911–1991), photographer
- Horst Dohlus (1925–2007), SED functionary
- Karl Richter (1926–1981), conductor, organist, and harpsichordist
- Hans Otte (1926–2007), composer and pianist
- Klaus Zoephel (1929–2017), composer and conductor
- Klaus Zink (born 1936), footballer
- Angelika Bahmann (born 1952), slalom canoeist, Olympic champion
- Kornelia Ender (born 1958), swimmer, Olympic champion
- Volker Eckert (1959-2007), serial killer
- Matthias Freihof (born 1961), television actor and director
- Andrea Stolletz (born 1963), handball player
- Olaf Schubert (born 1967), comedian and musician
- Martin Dulig (born 1974), politician (SPD)
- Philip Geipel (born 1986), racing driver
- Christian Bahmann (born 1981), slalom canoeist
- Christin Zenner (born 1991), swimmer
- Kassem Taher Saleh (born 1993), politician (Alliance 90/The Greens)
Honorary citizens
- Martin Mutschmann, 1933 (revoked 1945)[14]
Gallery
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Plauen downtown
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Old market square
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Old city hall
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Church of St. Mark
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Vogtlandtheater
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Commemorative plaque in Plauen for the mass demonstration of 1989
References
- ^ a b Gewählte Bürgermeisterinnen und Bürgermeister im Freistaat Sachsen, Stand: 17. Juli 2022, Statistisches Landesamt des Freistaates Sachsen.
- Statistisches Landesamt des Freistaates Sachsen. 2024.
- ISBN 978-3-11-018202-6.
- ISBN 9783411040667.
- ^ "Untersuchungshaftanstalt Plauen". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ "Plauen (Industriewerke AG) Subcamp". KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ "Plauen (Cotton Mill) Subcamp". KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ "Plauen (Dr. Th. Horn) Subcamp". KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ Centre for Holocaust Education. Life in Plauen Photo Cards. https://holocausteducation.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/Life-in-Plauen-Photo-cards.pdf
- ^ "Archive - saxony - Plauen".
- ^ "Police Double Guard as Nazis Attacks on Merchants Continue | The American Jewish World | 12 אוגוסט 1932 | אוסף העיתונות | הספרייה הלאומית".
- ^ "Städtepartnerschaften". plauen.de (in German). Plauen. Archived from the original on 3 November 2019. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
- ^ "Städtepartnerschaften". heilsbronn.de (in German). Heilsbronn. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
- ISBN 978-1-932970-32-6.
External links
- Plauen travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Official website (in German)