Poeciliopsis monacha
Poeciliopsis monacha | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Cyprinodontiformes |
Family: | Poeciliidae |
Genus: | Poeciliopsis |
Species: | P. monacha
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Binomial name | |
Poeciliopsis monacha R. R. Miller, 1960
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Poeciliopsis monacha, or the headwater livebearer, is a species of freshwater
Distribution and habitat
Poeciliopsis monacha is
Ecology
In addition to the stress factors induced by trying to survive in summer in decreasing and warming waters, some pools have very low oxygen levels, exacerbated at night by the lack of the
P monacha is a
P. monacha hybridises with Poeciliopsis lucida and Poeciliopsis occidentalis. When a female of P. monacha mates with a male of either of these two species, the offspring are invariably female.[4] In fact this all-female breeding line can be maintained indefinitely in the laboratory by repeatedly back-crossing the offspring to males of P. lucida and P. occidentalis.[4] In the headwaters of the Fuerte River in northwestern Mexico, it is found that only the bisexual form of P. monacha is present in the highest waters, and the proportion of unisexual individuals increases progressively downstream from here.[6]
P. monacha are highly
Poeciliopsis monacha sometimes exhibits
Ancient clonal lineage
The unisexual (all female) hybridogenetic fish Poeciliopsis monacha—occidentalis is an ancient clonal lineage that appears to be more than 100,000 generations old.[8] P. monacha was the maternal ancestor of this lineage and P. occidentalis was the paternal ancestor. In these hybridogenetic fish only the haploid maternal P. monacha genome (M), but not the paternal genome, is transmitted to ova (hemiclonal reproduction). The paternal P. occidentalis genome (O) is excluded during a pre-meiotic cell division, thus avoiding synapsis and crossing-over. Fertilization of haploid (M) eggs by O sperm occurs during mating with P. occidentalis males. This fertilization restores diploidy and results in expression of maternal and paternal traits in somatic tissue. These findings indicate that clonal reproduction in a vertebrate lineage is not necessarily transient, but can achieve a substantial evolutionary age.[8]
References
- ^ . Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2015). "Poeciliopsis monacha" in FishBase. August 2015 version.
- ^ PMID 28567757.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4684-4652-4.
- ^ .
- ISBN 978-1-4684-4652-4.
- ISBN 978-1-4214-1202-3.
- ^ PMID 11607248.