Ottoman poetry

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Poetry of the Ottoman Empire
)
This article is about the Ottoman Divan poetry tradition. For the tradition of folk poetry in the Ottoman Empire, see Turkish folk literature.
Turkish
literature
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Folk tradition
Ottoman era
Republican era

The poetry of the Ottoman Empire, or Ottoman

modern Turkish poetic tradition
.

Even in modern Turkey, however, Ottoman Divan poetry is a highly specialist subject. Much of this has to do with the fact that Divan poetry is written in

Ottoman Turkish, which was written using a variant of the Arabic script and made extensive use of Arabic and Persian words, making the language vastly different from modern Turkish
. In its own time, knowledge of this form of literary Turkish was largely limited to the educated classes.

History

The Ottoman Divan poetry tradition embraced the influence of the Persian and, to a lesser extent,

Seljuks
conducted their official business in the Persian language, rather than in Turkish, and the poetry of the Seljuk court was highly inflected with Persian.

When the Ottoman Empire arose in northwestern

mesnevî), or indirectly through Persian from the Arabic (the kasîde). However, the decision to adopt these poetic forms wholesale led to two important further consequences:[1]

  • the poetic meters (Persian: beher (Arabic: بَحْر); Turkish: aruz (Arabic: عَرُوض)) of Persian poetry were adopted.
  • Persian- and
    Arabic
    -based words were brought into the Turkish language in great numbers, as Turkish words rarely worked well within the system of the Persian poetic meter.

Out of this confluence of choices, the Ottoman Turkish language—which was always highly distinct from standard Turkish—was effectively born. This style of writing under Persian and Arabic influence came to be known as "Divan literature" (Turkish divân edebiyatı), as divân was the Ottoman Turkish word referring to the collected works of a poet.

Beginning with the

European literature
began to make itself felt.

Divan

Main article: Diwan (poetry)

Kaside

Kaside is generally about God, religious or government leaders and their values. Most famous poets are Ahmed Paşa, Necati, Bâkî, Nedîm, most importantly Nef'i.

Terminology:

  • Tevhid: About the Unity of God.
  • Münacaat: Prayer to God
  • Naat: About religious leaders and the prophet.
  • Methiye: About the sultan and government leaders.
  • Nesip or teşbib: Nature and environment descriptions.
  • Girizgah: Prelude to the topic.
  • Fahriye: Praising the poet himself
  • Dua: Prayer and well wishing for the subject of the poem

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Tanpınar, 2–3

Bibliography

External links
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