Politics of Macau
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Politics and government of Macau |
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Politics of Macau is a framework of a politically constrained multi-party presidential system, dominated by the People's Republic of China. It includes the legislature, the judiciary, the government, and a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government, led by the Chief Executive.
Constitutional role of Macau
In accordance with Article 31 of the
Macau's seven deputies to the National People's Congress (NPC) are selected by an electoral conference; they attended their first session of the NPC in Beijing in March 2000. Previously, in December 1999, the NPC Standing Committee approved the membership of the NPC Committee for the Basic Law of the Macau Special Administrative Region, chaired by NPC Vice Chairman Qiao Xiaoyang, for a five-year term. Half of the ten members are from Macau, the others from mainland China. Macau also has representation on the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
Relations between the government of Macau and China's central government are typically congenial.[1]: 182
Head of Government
Office | Name | Party | Since |
---|---|---|---|
General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (paramount leader) | Xi Jinping | Chinese Communist Party | 15 November 2012 |
President of the PRC (head of state) | Xi Jinping | Chinese Communist Party | 14 March 2013 |
Premier of the State Council (head of central government) | Li Keqiang | Chinese Communist Party | 15 March 2013 |
Chief Executive of the Macau SAR (head of region AND head of regional government) | Ho Iat Seng | Non-partisan
|
20 December 2019 |
The Chief Executive of Macau is appointed by the People's Republic of China's central government after selection by an election committee, whose members are nominated by corporate bodies. The chief executive appears before a cabinet, the Executive Council, of between 7 and 11 members. The term of office of the chief executive is 5 years, and no individual may serve for more than two consecutive terms. The governor has strong policymaking and executive powers similar to those of a president. These powers are, however, limited from above by the central government in Beijing, to whom the governor reports directly, and from below (to a more limited extent) by the legislature.
In May 1999, Edmund Ho, a community leader and banker, was the first PRC-appointed chief executive of the Macau SAR, having replaced General de Rocha Viera on 20 December 1999. He was elected by the 200-member Chief Executive Selection Committee. Ho, born in Macau in 1955, was the first Chinese person to govern the region since the 1550s. Prior to 20 December 1999, Ho nominated major officials in the new government and carried out other transfer tasks. Ho was re-elected for a second term in 2004 and was succeeded by Fernando Chui in 2009.
The executive branch of the Macau government has the following cabinet departments, each headed by a secretary: Administration and Justice, Economic and Financial Affairs, Security, Social Affairs and Culture, and Transport and Public Works. There also are two commissions, Against Corruption and Audit, and a chief public prosecutor. Upon Macau's reversion to China, the executive offices were moved from Macau Government House temporarily to the Banco Tai Fung.
Executive
The executive council decides on matters of policy, the introduction of bills to the Legislative Assembly of Macau and the drafting of subordinate legislation. The council consists of 11 members including the chief executive.
Cabinet
The cabinet consists of 5 secretariats of departments led by a chief:
- Chief of Cabinet (Macau)
- Secretariat for Transport and Public Works
- Secretariat for Social Affairs and Culture
- Secretariat for Security
- Secretariat for Economy and Finance
- Secretariat for Administration and Justice
Principal officials
- Commissioner of the Macau Customs Service
- Commissioner of the Unitary Police Service of Macau
- Commissioner Against Corruption
- Procurator General of Macau
Legislative branch
The legislative organ of the territory is the
The last election was held in 2017 and the current Legislative Assembly is chaired by its president, businessman Ho Iat Seng (賀一誠), who is assisted by the vice president, Chui Sai Cheong (崔世昌), the elder brother of Chief Executive Fernando Chui Sai On.
Elections
Judiciary
The Court of Final Appeal is the court of last resort in the Macau Special Administrative Region.
The legal system is based largely on
Political pressure groups and leaders
Public political demonstration is rare in Macau.[1]: 182
- Roman Catholic Church(José Lai, bishop)
- Macau Society of Tourism and Entertainment or STDM (Stanley Ho, managing director)
- Union for Democracy Development (Antonio Ng Kuok cheong, leader)
Foreign affairs
The central government in Beijing controls the foreign affairs of Macau. The
International organisation participation
See also
- Politics of the People's Republic of China
References
- ^ ISBN 978-1-5179-0031-1.