Portal:Rocketry

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The Rocketry Portal

A Soyuz-FG rocket launches from "Gagarin's Start" (Site 1/5), Baikonur Cosmodrome

A rocket (from Italian: rocchetto, lit.'bobbin/spool') is a vehicle that uses jet propulsion to accelerate without using the surrounding air. A rocket engine produces thrust by reaction to exhaust expelled at high speed. Rocket engines work entirely from propellant carried within the vehicle; therefore a rocket can fly in the vacuum of space. Rockets work more efficiently in a vacuum and incur a loss of thrust due to the opposing pressure of the atmosphere.

spin, or gravity
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Rockets for military and recreational uses date back to at least 13th-century

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hybrid propellant system). Chemical rockets store a large amount of energy in an easily released form, and can be very dangerous. However, careful design, testing, construction and use minimizes risks. (Full article...
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In the news

14 March 2024 – SpaceX Starship integrated flight test 3
SpaceX successfully launches the first Starship rocket, the most powerful rocket ever built, at Starbase in Texas, United States, after two previous failed attempts. The rocket reached an altitude of more than 200 kilometres (120 mi), but was destroyed during re-entry. (Al Jazeera)
12 March 2024 – Israel–Hezbollah conflict
Hezbollah launches more than 100 Katyusha rockets into northern Israel, targeting several Israeli military outposts. (The New York Times)

Topics

    • Reusable launch system
  • Model rocket
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  • General images - load new batch

    The following are images from various rocketry-related articles on Wikipedia.
    • Image 1Robert Esnault-Pelterie (1909). (from History of rockets)
    • Image 2Von Braun's rocket team in 1961 (from History of rockets)
      Von Braun's rocket team in 1961 (from History of rockets)
    • Image 3A semi-active missile homing system (from Missile)
      A semi-active missile
      homing system (from Missile
      )
    • Image 4A simplified diagram of a solid-fuel rocket. A propellant is packed with a hole in the middle An igniter combusts the propellant The hole acts as a combustion chamber The hot exhaust is choked at the throat Exhaust exits the rocket (from Missile)
      A simplified diagram of a solid-fuel rocket.
      1. A propellant is packed with a hole in the middle
      2. An igniter combusts the propellant
      3. The hole acts as a combustion chamber
      4. The hot exhaust is choked at the throat
      5. Exhaust exits the rocket
      (from Missile)
    • Image 5Viking 5C rocket engine used on Ariane 1 through Ariane 4 (from Rocket engine)
    • Image 6Typical ballistic missile sequence: 1. Launches by firing motor1(A) 2. Stage1 drops, motor2(B) ignites & shroud(E) ejects 3. Motor3(C) ignites and separates 4. Stage3 terminates and post-boost vehicle(D) separates 5. Vehicle maneuvers itself and prepares re-entry vehicle (RV) 6. RV with decoys and chaffs deploys 7. RV re-enters the atmosphere 8. Warhead(s) detonate on target (from Missile)
      Typical ballistic missile sequence:
      • 1. Launches by firing motor1(A)
      • 2. Stage1 drops, motor2(B) ignites & shroud(E) ejects
      • 3. Motor3(C) ignites and separates
      • 4. Stage3 terminates and post-boost vehicle(D) separates
      • 5. Vehicle maneuvers itself and prepares re-entry vehicle (RV)
      • 6. RV with decoys and chaffs deploys
      • 7. RV re-enters the atmosphere
      • 8. Warhead(s) detonate on target
      (from Missile)
    • Image 7The Congreve rocket (from History of rockets)
    • Image 8Robert Anderson suggests using metal for rocket casing (from History of rockets)
      Robert Anderson suggests using metal for rocket casing (from History of rockets)
    • Image 9Layout of a V-2 rocket. (from History of rockets)
      Layout of a V-2 rocket. (from History of rockets)
    • Image 10Simplified diagram of a liquid-fuel rocket: Liquid fuel tank Liquid oxidiser tank Pumps feed fuel and oxidiser under high pressure. Combustion chamber mixes and burns the propellants. Exhaust nozzle expands and accelerates the gas jet to produce thrust. Exhaust exits nozzle. (from Rocket engine)
      Simplified diagram of a liquid-fuel rocket:
      1. Liquid fuel tank
      2. Liquid oxidiser tank
      3. Pumps feed fuel and oxidiser under high pressure.
      4. Combustion chamber mixes and burns the propellants.
      5. Exhaust nozzle expands and accelerates the gas jet to produce thrust.
      6. Exhaust exits nozzle.
      (from Rocket engine)
    • Image 11An illustration of fire arrow launchers as depicted in the Wubei Zhi (17th century). The launcher is constructed using basketry. (from History of rockets)
      An illustration of fire arrow launchers as depicted in the Wubei Zhi (17th century). The launcher is constructed using basketry. (from History of rockets)
    • Image 12Simplified diagram of a solid-fuel rocket: Solid fuel–oxidiser mixture (propellant) packed into casing Igniter initiates propellant combustion. Central hole in propellant acts as the combustion chamber. Exhaust nozzle expands and accelerates the gas jet to produce thrust. Exhaust exits nozzle. (from Rocket engine)
      Simplified diagram of a solid-fuel rocket:
      1. Solid fuel–oxidiser mixture (propellant) packed into casing
      2. Igniter initiates propellant combustion.
      3. Central hole in propellant acts as the combustion chamber.
      4. Exhaust nozzle expands and accelerates the gas jet to produce thrust.
      5. Exhaust exits nozzle.
      (from Rocket engine)
    • Image 13Rocket carts from the Wubei Zhi (17th century) (from History of rockets)
      Rocket carts from the Wubei Zhi (17th century) (from History of rockets)
    • Image 14The 'convocation of eagles chasing hare' rocket launcher from the Wubei Zhi (17th century). A double-ended rocket pod that carries 30 small poisoned rockets on each end for a total of 60 rockets. It carries a sling for transport. (from History of rockets)
      The 'convocation of eagles chasing hare' rocket launcher from the Wubei Zhi (17th century). A double-ended rocket pod that carries 30 small poisoned rockets on each end for a total of 60 rockets. It carries a sling for transport. (from History of rockets)
    • Image 15Robert Goddard and the first liquid-fueled rocket. (from History of rockets)
      Robert Goddard and the first liquid-fueled rocket. (from History of rockets)
    • Image 16A "long serpent enemy breaking" fire arrow launcher as depicted in the Wubei Zhi (17th century). It carries 32 medium small poisoned rockets and comes with a sling to carry on the back. (from History of rockets)
      A "long serpent enemy breaking" fire arrow launcher as depicted in the Wubei Zhi (17th century). It carries 32 medium small poisoned rockets and comes with a sling to carry on the back. (from History of rockets)
    • Image 17Robert Goddard (from History of rockets)
    • Image 18RS-68 being tested at NASA's Stennis Space Center (from Rocket engine)
      RS-68 being tested at NASA's Stennis Space Center (from Rocket engine)
    • Image 19Opel RAK.1 - World's first public manned flight of a rocket plane on September 30, 1929. (from History of rockets)
      Opel RAK.1 - World's first public manned flight of a rocket plane on September 30, 1929. (from History of rockets)
    • Image 20Armadillo Aerospace's quad vehicle showing visible banding (shock diamonds) in the exhaust jet (from Rocket engine)
      Armadillo Aerospace's quad vehicle showing visible banding (shock diamonds) in the exhaust jet (from Rocket engine)
    • Image 21French Diamant rocket, the second French rocket program, developed from 1961 (from History of rockets)
      French Diamant rocket, the second French rocket program, developed from 1961 (from History of rockets)
    • Image 22A V-1 flying bomb, amongst the first guided missiles (from Missile)
      A V-1 flying bomb, amongst the first guided missiles (from Missile)
    • Image 23A German V-2 rocket on a Meillerwagen. (from History of rockets)
      A German V-2 rocket on a Meillerwagen. (from History of rockets)
    • Image 24A battery of Katyusha launchers fires at German forces during the Battle of Stalingrad, 6 October 1942 (from History of rockets)
      A battery of Katyusha launchers fires at German forces during the Battle of Stalingrad, 6 October 1942 (from History of rockets)
    • Image 25Rocket thrust is caused by pressures acting in the combustion chamber and nozzle. From Newton's third law, equal and opposite pressures act on the exhaust, and this accelerates it to high speeds. (from Rocket engine)
      Rocket thrust is caused by pressures acting in the combustion chamber and nozzle. From Newton's third law, equal and opposite pressures act on the exhaust, and this accelerates it to high speeds. (from Rocket engine)
    • Image 26Rocket vehicle mechanical efficiency as a function of vehicle instantaneous speed divided by effective exhaust speed. These percentages need to be multiplied by internal engine efficiency to get overall efficiency. (from Rocket engine)
      Rocket vehicle mechanical efficiency as a function of vehicle instantaneous speed divided by effective exhaust speed. These percentages need to be multiplied by internal engine efficiency to get overall efficiency. (from Rocket engine)
    • Image 27A Tomahawk cruise missile in flight (from Missile)
      A
      Tomahawk cruise missile in flight (from Missile
      )
    • Image 28The four expansion regimes of a de Laval nozzle:• under-expanded• perfectly expanded• over-expanded• grossly over-expanded (from Rocket engine)
      The four expansion regimes of a de Laval nozzle:• under-expanded• perfectly expanded• over-expanded• grossly over-expanded (from Rocket engine)

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    The swing arms move away and a plume of flame signals the liftoff of the Saturn V launch vehicle.
    The swing arms move away and a plume of flame signals the liftoff of the Saturn V launch vehicle.
    Credit: NASA
    Launch of Saturn V at the start of Apollo 11.

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