Príncipe

Coordinates: 1°37′N 7°24′E / 1.617°N 7.400°E / 1.617; 7.400
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other uses, see Principe (disambiguation).
Príncipe
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Príncipe (

Cameroon Line archipelago, Príncipe rises in the south to 947 metres at Pico do Príncipe.[5] The island is the main constituent of the Autonomous Region of Príncipe, established in 1995, and of the coterminous district of Pagué
.

History

Entrance to the harbour of Principe, from a 1727 engraving: the accompanying text was, This Island is very Woody and breeds abundance of Monkeys, insomuch that it is not safe to walk in the Woods without a gun. The harbour is very convenient to Careen Ships in, and most Ships Bound from Africa to America with Slaves put in here for Food, Water etc."

The island was uninhabited when discovered by the Portuguese on 17 January 1471 and was first named after Saint Anthony ("Ilha de Santo Antão"). Later the island was renamed Príncipe ("Prince's [Island]") by King

sugar and after 1822 on cocoa, becoming the world's greatest cocoa producer.[7]
Since independence, these plantations have largely reverted to forest.

The island's fortress named

capital of Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe.[8]

Príncipe was the site where

Arthur Stanley Eddington and his team during the total solar eclipse of May 29, 1919; photographs of the eclipse revealed evidence of the 'bending' of starlight, in accordance with Einstein's predictions (see Eddington experiment
).

On April 29, 1995, the Autonomous Region of Príncipe was established, corresponding with the existing Pagué District.[9]

Settlements

See also: Autonomous Region of Príncipe § Settlements

Príncipe has one town, Santo António, and an airport (IATA code: PCP, ICAO: FPPR). Some other smaller settlements are Sundy and Porto Real.

Demographics

Forro
are also spoken.

In 1771, Príncipe had a population of 5,850: 111 whites, 165 free mulattoes, 6 mulatto slaves, 900 free blacks, and 4,668 black slaves. In 1875, the year when slavery was officially abolished in the archipelago, Príncipe's population had dropped to only 1,946, of whom 45 were Europeans, 1,521 were free natives, and 380 were freemen.

In 2018, Príncipe had a population of 8,420 people.

Nature

In 2006, the

Dohrn's thrush-babbler and the Príncipe weaver. The Príncipe white-eye also occurs on São Tomé. Geckos include the Príncipe gecko, frogs include the palm forest tree frog and the Príncipe puddle frog. Marine fauna includes Muricopsis principensis, a mollusc and the West African mud turtle
.

Some endemic animals

Ecological reserve

Main article: Island of Príncipe Biosphere Reserve

UNESCO established the Island of Príncipe Biosphere Reserve in 2012 under the Man and the Biosphere Programme. The reserve encompasses the entire emerged area of the island of Príncipe, and its islets Bom Bom, Boné do Jóquei, Mosteiros, Santana, and Pedra da Galei, and the Tinhosas islands.[11]

Notable people

Gallery

  • Praia do Boi, in Príncipe
    Praia do Boi, in Príncipe
  • Praia das Bananas, São Tomé and Príncipe
    Praia das Bananas, São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Carambola in Príncipe
    Carambola in Príncipe
  • Lagoa do Caixão, Príncipe Island
    Lagoa do Caixão, Príncipe Island
  • Beach in Príncipe
    Beach in Príncipe
  • Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Conceição, in Santo António, São Tomé and Príncipe.
    Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Conceição, in Santo António, São Tomé and Príncipe.
  • Bom Bom Islet, Príncipe
    Bom Bom Islet, Príncipe

References

  1. ^ a b Instituto Nacional de Estatística.
  2. ^ "São Tomé – Definition of São Tomé". Yourdictionary.com. 25 September 2013. Archived from the original on 3 October 2013. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
  3. ^ "Satellite View and Map of São Tomé and Príncipe" Archived 2023-06-07 at the Wayback Machine Nations Online. Retrieved 2014-9-26.
  4. ^ Projecção a nível distrital 2012 - 2020[permanent dead link], Instituto Nacional de Estatística
  5. ^ Sailing Directions (Enroute), Pub. 123: Southwest Coast of Africa (PDF). Sailing Directions. United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. 2017. p. 74.
  6. ^ a b c Santo António Archived 2019-12-13 at the Wayback Machine, Heritage of Portuguese Influence
  7. ^ Pinnock, D & Pinnock, G (2012) Chocolate Island. Africa Geographic. February 2012
  8. ISBN 9781615303229
    – via Google Books.
  9. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa
    , p. 42-43
  10. ^ "Parque Natural do Príncipe". Archived from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2018.
  11. ^ "World Network of Biosphere Reserves". Island of Príncipe. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2016.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Príncipe&oldid=1189839791"