Sunenphaa
Sunenphaa | |
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Rudra Singha | |
Religion | Hinduism |
Ahom dynasty |
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Sunenphaa (r. 1744–1751) also, Pramatta Singha, was the king of
Ancestry and background
Pramatta Singha was the second son of Swargadeo[1] Rudra Singha. During the reign of his elder brother Swargadeo Siva Singha, he held the post of Charing Raja or the heir apparent to the throne. Most of the chronicles recorded that Swargadeo Rudra Singha expressed his desire at his death-bed that all his five sons Siva Singha, Pramatta Singha, Mohanmala Maladev Gohain alias Barjana Gohain, Rajeswar Singha and Lakshmi Singha successively became king, after him.[2] Accordingly, after the death of Swargadeo Siba Singha, Chengmung Burhagohain of Pukhuriparia clan along with some other nobles decided to install Charing Raja as the king of Ahom kingdom.
Unsuccessful palace coup by Tipam Raja
Ugra Singha, the son of Swargadeo
Meanwhile, Charing Raja and his three brothers, accompanied by Chengmung
"We have brothers and sons of the deceased king entitled to sit on the throne. If you do not become a king who will fill up the exalted office? You have come out prepared with your attendants; is there any fighting going anywhere? A king is properly installed on the throne if he is appointed by the three Dangarias[5] and the Baruas and Phukans. Can these urchins of slaves ever appoint a king?"
The
"What are you looking at? Don’t you see that we are going to be massacred?"
Just at that time Laidhan, who was a Changmai-ligira or an attendant of the royal cooked, gave the Burhagohain a sword which he pointed at the miscreants and they dispersed. The Burhagohain’s party then came out to the gate-house, and there also they were confronted by the rebels who were also dispersed after some altercation. The party then reached the courtyard of the palanquin-bearers. There, one Naga Ligira, an attendant belonging to the Dihingia family, having placed himself at the head of forty shields men of the Lukhurasun clan, confronted the royalists on the way. He was also disbanded.[6]
Accession
After neutralizing the supporters of Ugra Singha Tipam Raja, son of Swargadeo
"The brother of the deceased sovereign has become king. All the subjects including the Baruas and the Phukans should now offer their homage and kneel down before him."
Then the people assembled knelt down before the newly appointed monarch.[7] The Burhagohain then counseled the new monarch as follows:
"The great God has conferred on you the position of a sovereign. Your duty will be the protection of the virtuous, and punishment of the wicked, an investigation into the weal and woe of your subjects. Just as a person does not feel the heat when sitting below a huge tree, so under the shelter of your elder brother’s government you are tainted by the merits or demerits of the subjects. From today you have become the fountain of all their actions, virtuous or wicked. Your Majesty should regulate the acts according to the principle of their inspiring wicked or virtuous deeds. You have three younger brothers. They should also be protected and maintained by you as your own sons. They in their turn should pay homage to you regarding you as their father. They will succeed to the kingly office according to their seniority. You should not reject from your protection the Tipam Raja as well. Your Majesty should love him as your son."
After saying so the Burhagohain bathed the body of the deceased king and ascended the royal chamber for laying on the winding sheet. After few days, the Burhagohain removed the body of Swargadeo Siva Singha to Charaideo and buried it there.[8]
The
Reign
Punishment of the rebels
On the ground of the supporting Tipam Raja's coup against the accession of Pramatta Singha to the throne, the Kalugayan
Embassy from Rani
It was customary for the tributary rulers under
"Vidyanivas, ask the Rani ambassador whether at the time of his departure from his country, the subjects of the Swargadeo living in plains and hills were in the enjoyment of peace and plenty. When did he arrive here? Has he encountered any fear or trouble in his journey?"
On being thus interrogated by Vidyanivas the Rani ambassador said: The Burhagohain again added:
"It is our wish that the subjects of the Swargadeo living in plains and hills should pass their days in peace and happiness."
The ambassador of Rani then replied:
"We Mikirs and Garos live in the interior of hills. The Swargadeo used to give us the bones of cows looking upon us as insignificant as shrubs on the way or dogs on the road. But for many years we have not been blessed with the good grace of the Swargadeo. We have also been comparatively weakened by the cessation of royal favour. I have been deputed by my countrymen to win back the kindness of the Swargadeo."
The Burhagohain then replied:
"Vidyanivas, tell the ambassador that the prayer of the wild monkeys even was granted by Lord Ramachandra as it was made with proper reverence and love."[15]
Gifts and presents for the ruler of Rani were sent along with Rup, the ambassador of Rani, on his return journey.
Temples and edifices
The reign of Swargadeo Pramatta Singha was marked with peace and prosperity of the
He also erected the temples of
Land Survey at Kamrup
In 1754 CE Swargadeo Pramatta Singha initiated a fresh settlement operation in
Death
Swargadeo Pramatta Singha died in 1751 CE. An interesting story circulates around the death of Swargadeo Pramatta Singha. The king used to complain about severe headache from time to time. It was said that he had a vision in his dream that if he offers prayers in the holy shrine of
Family and issues
Swargadeo Pramatta Singha was survived by two sons, named Molou Gohain and Madhab Gohain.
Legacy
In
Swargadeo Pramatta Singha was known as a kind and lenient ruler. His seven years long reign, though uneventful, was peaceful and prosperous.
References
- Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Swargadeo Rajeswar Singha first edition 1975 Publication Board of Assam Guwahati
- Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati
- Barbaruah Hiteswar Ahomar-Din or A History of Assam under the Ahoms first edition 1981 Publication Board of Assam Guwahati
- Gait E.A. A History of Assam second edition 1926 Thacker, Spink & Co Calcutta
- Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Swargadeo Rajeswar Singha first edition 1975 Publication Board of Assam Guwahati
- Neog Dr. Maheswar Pavitra Asam or The Sacred Assam 4th edition 2008 Kiran Prakashan, Dhemaji on behalf of Assam Sahitya Sabha
Notes
- ^ The Ahom kings were often referred as Swargadeo or Heavenly king, being the descendants of Lengdon or Indra, the Lord of Heaven and Earth
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Swargadeo Rajeswar Singha first edition 1975 Publication Board of Assam Guwahati page 17
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Swargadeo Rajeswar Singha first edition 1975 Publication Board of Assam Guwahati page 17
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati page 44
- Ahom Kingdom.
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati page 44-45
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati page 45
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati page 45
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati page 46-48
- ^ Gait E.A. A History of Assam 2nd edition 1926 Thacker, Spink & Co Calcutta page 225-185
- ^ A Hindu religious ceremony for the deceased
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati page 46
- ^ Gait E.A. A History of Assam 2nd edition 1926 Thacker, Spink & Co Calcutta page 157
- ^ Gait E.A. A History of Assam 2nd edition 1926 Thacker, Spink & Co Calcutta page 165
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati page 48-49
- ^ Neog, Dr. Maheswar Pavitra Asam or The Sacred Assam 4th edition 2008 Kiran Prakashan, Dhemaji page 264-265
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati page 49
- ^ Neog Dr. Maheswar Pavitra Asam or The Sacred Assam 4th edition 2008 Kiran Prakashan, Dhemaji page 270-271
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati page 49
- ^ Gait E.A. A History of Assam 2nd edition 1926 Thacker, Spink & Co Calcutta page 185
- ^ Barbaruah Hiteswar Ahomar-Din or A History of Assam under the Ahoms 1st edition 1981 Publication Board of Assam Guwahati page 248
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati page 218
- ^ Barbaruah Hiteswar Ahomar-Din or A History of Assam under the Ahoms 1st edition 1981 Publication Board of Assam Guwahati page 247
- ^ Barbaruah Hiteswar Ahomar-Din or A History of Assam under the Ahoms 1st edition 1981 Publication Board of Assam Guwahati page 249
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Swargadeo Rajeswar Singha first edition 1975 Publication Board of Assam Guwahati page 231
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Tunkhungia Buranji or A History of Assam (1681-1826) second edition 1968 Department of HISTORICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN STUDIES IN ASSAM Guwahati page 50
- ^ Bhuyan Dr. S.K. Swargadeo Rajeswar Singha first edition 1975 Publication Board of Assam Guwahati page 71
- ^ Gait E.A. A History of Assam 2nd edition 1926 Thacker, Spink & Co Calcutta page 185