List of the Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula

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This is a list of the pre-

Aquitanians

• Airenosini/Arenosii
• Iacetani
• Vascones

Iberians

• Segre river basin, area of modern Andorra
  .
• Ter river basin. Ausa (today's Vic
  ) was their main centre.
• Baza
  ) was their main centre.
  • Mastieni - in and around Mastia territory (Cartagena).
• Barcelona province. Berga was their main centre. North of the Lacetani
  .
• Ter river basin, East Pyrenees southern slopes. North of the Ausetani
  .
• Tarragona province), in the mediterranean coastal region. Kese (Tarraco in Roman times, that would become the Hispania Tarraconensis
  capital), was their main centre.
• Llivia) was their main centre. North of the Ilergetes and the Bergistani
  .
• Albacete provinces. A tribal confederation. East of the Bastetani
  .
  • Elx/Elche
    )
• Sagunt) was also in their territory. North of the Contestani and the Bastetani and south of the Ilercavones
  .
• Ligurian
  or a Ligurian-Iberian tribe.
• Millars river along the mediterranean coast and to the inland towards the Sierra de Gúdar, in Ilercavonia. One of the biggest iberian tribes or tribal confederations. Hibera (Roman time Dertusa or Dertosa, modern time Tortosa) was their main centre. North of the Edetani, south of the Ilergetes, east of the Sedetani and west of the Cessetani
  .
• Lérida/Lleida
  ) was their main centre.
• Girona Province
  . Indika/Indiga or Undika was their main centre. A tribal confederation: they were formed by four tribes.
• Llobregat river basin and surrounding hills. Northwest of the Laietani
  .
• Barcelona province and Barcelona city. Laieta (Barcino in Roman times and Barcelona
  in modern times) was their main centre.
• Oretania) in eastern Marianus Mons (Sierra Morena) and west Jabalón
  river valley, sometimes are included in the Oretani but it is not certain if they were Oretani tribes.
• Iberus (Ebro). Salduie (Roman time Salduba and Caesaraugusta and modern time Zaragoza) was in their territory and they were possibly closely related to the Edetani. West of the Ilercavones
  .
• Pyrénées Orientales Department, France), Ruscino (today's Château-Roussillon near Perpignan
  ) was their main centre.
• Gállego river, in Sobrarbe, in and around Bolskan, later Osca (Huesca), and high Cinca River valley, Spain. They could also be related to the Vascones and therefore be related to the Aquitani speaking the Aquitanian language, or a mixed Iberian-Aquitanian
  tribe or tribal confederacy.
• Unknown named tribe or tribes in the
  Gymnesian islands
  ), may have been Iberians.

• Proto-Indo-Europeans

Celts

• Hispano-Celts/Celts of Hispania - They lived in large parts of the Iberian Peninsula, in the Northern, Central and Western regions (more than half of the peninsula's territory).
  • Q Celtic
    type).
    • Arevaci
    • Belli
    • Cratistii
    • Lobetani
    • Guadalajara
      (Spain).
    • Olcades
    • Leyre (river)
      .
    • Titii (Celtiberian)
    • Turboletae/Turboleti
    • Uraci/Duraci
    • Oretani? – northeastern Andalusia, northwest Murcia and southern fringes of La Mancha, (Spain), mountains of the headwaters of the Guadalquivir (ancient Baetis river); Some consider them not Celtic Ethnographic Map of Pre-Roman Iberia (circa 200 b.
  • Q Celtic
    type).
    • La Rioja
      (Spain) to the Atlantic Coast.
    • northern León (Spain), and east of Trás os Montes (Portugal
      ), (tribal confederation).
      • Cismontani
        • Amaci
        • Cabruagenigi
        • Gigurri
        • Lancienses
        • Lougei
        • Orniaci
        • Superatii
        • Susarri/Astures Proper
        • Tiburi
        • Zoelae – Eastern Trás-os-Montes (Portugal), (Miranda do Douro).
      • Transmontani
        • Baedunienses
        • Brigaentini
        • Cabarci
        • Iburri
        • Luggones/Lungones
        • Paenii
        • Paesici
        • Saelini
        • Vinciani
        • Viromenici
    • Bebryaces/Berybraces – unknown location, may have been related to the Bebryces (gauls) or the Berones, there is also the possibility that it was an old name of the Celtiberians.
    • La Rioja
      (Spain).
    • Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European
      language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). (tribal confederation).
      • Avarigines
      • Blendii/Plentusii/Plentuisii
      • Camarici/Tamarici
      • Concani
      • Coniaci/Conisci
      • Moroecani
      • Noegi
      • Orgenomesci
      • Salaeni/Selaeni
      • Vadinienses
      • Vellici/Velliques
    • Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European
      language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic).
    • Castilla-La Mancha and Madrid regions. A tribal confederation with 27 identified tribes.^[1]
      • Aelariques -
      • Aeturiques -
      • Arquioci - in Iplacea, Roman named Complutum (today's Alcalá de Henares) region.
      • Acualiques -
      • Bocouriques -
      • Toletum (Toledo
        ) region.
      • Contucianci - in Segobriga region.
      • Dagencii -
      • Doviliques -
      • Duitiques -
      • Duniques -
      • Elguismiques -
      • Langioci -
      • Longeidoci -
      • Maganiques -
      • Malugeniques -
      • Manuciques -
      • Maureici -
      • Mesici -
      • Metturici -
      • Moenicci -
      • Toletum (Toledo
        ) region
      • Pilonicori -
      • Solici -
      • Tirtaliques - in Segobriga region.
      • Uloques -
      • Venatioques -
    • Guadiana River (Anas), Alentejo and Algarve (Portugal), western Extremadura
      (Spain), (tribal confederation).
      • Cempsi
      • celticization of the Cynetes by the Celtici confused the distinction between the two peoples or tribes).^[2]
      • Mirobrigenses
      • Sefes/Saefes
    • Andalucia
      region.
    • Cynetes – Cyneticum (today's Algarve region) and Low Alentejo (Portugal); originally probably Tartessians or similar, later celtized by the Celtici; according to some scholars, Cynetes and Conii were two different peoples or tribes^[2] Ethnographic Map of Pre-Roman Iberia (circa 200 b.
    • Gallaecians or Callaici – Gallaecia
      (Spain & Portugal), (tribal confederation).
      • Addovi/Iadovi
      • Aebocosi
      • Albioni – western Asturias (Spain
        ).
      • Amphiloci
      • Aobrigenses
      • Arroni/Arrotrebi
      • Arrotrebae/Artabri – Northern Galicia (Spain).
      • Aunonenses
      • Baedi
      • Baião Municipality, Eastern Porto District
        , (Portugal).
      • Biballi
      • Oporto
        , (Portugal).
      • Brigantes (Callaici tribe) – Northern Bragança District, Bragança, (Portugal).
      • Caladuni
      • Capori
      • Celtici Praestamarici
      • Celtici Supertamarici
      • Cibarci
      • Cileni
      • Coelerni/Aquaflavienses – Braga District, Vila Real District (Chaves), (Portugal) and Ourense (Spain).
      • Egi
      • Egovarri
      • Equaesi – Minho and Trás-os-Montes (Portugal).
      • Grovii – Minho (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
      • Iadones
      • Interamici/Interamnici – Trás-os-Montes (Portugal).
      • Lapatianci
      • Lemavi
      • Leuni – Minho (Portugal).
      • Limici – Lima River banks, Minho (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
      • Louguei
      • Luanqui – Trás-os-Montes (Portugal).
      • Naebisoci/Aebisoci
      • Namarii
      • Namarini
      • Narbasi – Minho (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
      • Nemetati – Minho (Portugal).
      • Nerii
      • Poemani
      • Quaquerni/Querquerni – Minho (Portugal).
      • Seurbi – Minho (Portugal).
      • Seurri – Sarria Municipality, East Central Galicia (Spain)
      • Tamagani – Chaves (Portugal).
      • Turodi – Trás-os-Montes (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
      • Varri
    • Castilla-La Mancha (Spain); were a different people from the Oretani
      .
    • La Rioja
      (Spain).
    • Callaeci or Turdetani
      .
      • Badajoz Province, Portugal Southeastern corner, Beja District
        .
      • Callaeci or Turdetani
        .
      • Callaeci or Turdetani
        .
      • Callaeci or Turdetani
        .
    • Turmodigi or Turmogi – Central Burgos.
    • Civitates (that also had the meaning of tribes).^[3]
      • Cauci (Vaccaei) – in Cauca (Coca, Segovia)
    • Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). Ethnographic Map of Pre-Roman Iberia (circa 200 b
      .
• Belgae?
  • Navarra (Spain), between the Gallicus (Gállego) and Low Aragon rivers and between the Ebro river and Sierra de Santo Domingo Mountains. Alba (Arba) river basin (a tributary of the Ebro) was in the centre of their territory that also included the Bardenas Reales. Corbio was their capital. They were North of the Celtiberians, South of the Iacetani and the Vascones, West of the Galli (tribe). They were later conquered by the Vascones in the 2nd century BC. that were allies of the Romans. Could have been related to the Suessiones (a tribe of the Belgae).^[4]
• Continental Celtic
  language).
  • Hercynia Silva
    )
    • Iberus (Ebro
      ) river but not very precisely.
• Gauls (Galli) – Some Gaulish tribes might have migrated southwards and crossed the Pyrenees (by the north, the central or the south areas of the mountains) in a second or a third Celtic wave to the Iberian Peninsula. These tribes were different from the Hispano-Celtic/Iberian Celtic tribes.
  • Galli (tribe) – along Gallicus (Gállego) river banks, see place names (toponyms) like Forum Gallorum, Gallur, a different tribe from the Suessetani; might have been a tribe related to the Galli (Gauls) and not to the Hispano-Celts/Iberian Celts.