Pre-salt layer
The pre-salt layer is a
Brazil
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The
The current findings from Petrobras and other companies in the province of the pre-salt, located in the Brazilian continental shelf, implicate reserves of over 50 billion barrels of oil, a volume four times greater than the current national reserves, roughly 14 billion barrels.
In this province, there may be large oil and natural gas reserves located under salt layers that extend for 800 kilometers along the Brazilian coast – from the coast of Santa Catarina to the coast of Espírito Santo – and are up to 200 km wide.
Some estimates give the total area of the pre-salt as 122,000 km2. Of this total, concessions have already been granted for 41,000 km2, and 71,000 km2 have not yet been tendered.
Pre-salt oil is of good quality, although it is found in reserves that are in deep-sea areas and under thick layers of salt, requiring large-scale investment to extract it.
Since 2006, Petrobras has drilled 11 oil wells in the
Angola
The first pre-salt discoveries in
Cobalt International has had the most success with pre-salt exploration in Angola, making multiple pre-salt well discoveries in Blocks 20 and 21 (Cameia, Mavinga, Lontra, Bicuar, and Orca). In January 2011, Angola announced that it awarded 11 pre-salt offshore blocks in the Kwanza basin, following a closed licensing round in which a few selected International Oil Companies (IOCs) were invited. IOCs that were awarded blocks include Petrobras, Maersk Oil, Cobalt International, BP, Repsol, TotalEnergies, Eni, ConocoPhillips, and Statoil. Some of those companies have slowed their investments in Angola's pre-salt reserves, and some wells have been closed and abandoned. The combination of disappointing results and geological complexity, compounded by the low-oil-price environment, has resulted in reduced investment in Angola's pre-salt areas.
References
- ^ Idel Waisberg (December 3, 2011). "Brazil's Pre-Salt Layer". Retrieved April 9, 2014.
- ISBN 9780815703655.
- ISBN 9780080540825.
- ^ "Entenda o que é a camada pré-sal", Folha Online, 31/08/2008
- ^ ""A importância do Pré-Sal", Pré-Sal.org". Archived from the original on 2009-09-25. Retrieved 2020-02-10.
- ^ "A produção no pré-sal". Agência Brasil, 31/08/2009
External links
- "Brazil Map of Pre-Salt Oil And Gas Activities". December 2010. Archived from the original on 2012-12-22. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
- "Pre-Salt Oil & Gas News". April 2011.
- "Pre-Salt Reservoirs Offshore Brazil: Perspectives and Challenges" (PDF). November 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-01-14.
- "Regulatory political conferencing of geological for exploitation pre-salt". August 2010. Archived from the original on 2017-09-09. Retrieved 2012-04-24.