Preah Maha Ghosananda

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Takéo, Cambodia
DiedMarch 12, 2007(2007-03-12) (aged 93)
Northampton, Massachusetts, United States
OccupationSupreme Patriarch of Cambodia (1988–2007)
Years active1934–2007

Maha Ghosananda (full title Samdech Preah Maha Ghosananda -

Buddhist monk[2] in the Theravada tradition, who served as the Patriarch (Sangharaja) of Cambodian Buddhism during the Khmer Rouge period and post-communist transition period of Cambodian history.[1] His Pali monastic name, 'Mahā Ghosānanda', means "great joyful proclaimer".[3] He was well known in Cambodia for his annual peace marches.[2]

Early life and education

He was born Va Yav in

temple boy at the age of eight years old. He was greatly impressed by the monks with whom he served, and at age fourteen received novice ordination.[5] He studied Pali scriptures in the local temple high school, then went on to complete his higher education at the monastic universities in Phnom Penh and Battambang.[4][6]

He was sponsored by

Nipponzan Myohoji and a former associate of Mahatma Gandhi.[5][3]

In 1965, Maha Ghosananda left India to study meditation under Ajahn Dhammadaro[note 2], a famous meditation master of the Thai Forest Tradition.[3] He remained with Ajahn Dhammadaro at his forest hermitage in southern Thailand, Wat Chai Na (located near Nakhon Si Thammarat),for eleven years.[5]

Khmer Rouge era

In 1978, Maha Ghosananda traveled to the refugee camps near the Thai-Cambodian border to begin ministering to the first refugees who filtered across the border.[3][5]

Maha Ghosananda's appearance in the refugee camps raised a stir among the refugees who had not seen a monk for years. The Cambodian refugees openly wept as Maha Ghosananda chanted the ancient and familiar sutras that had been the bedrock of traditional Cambodian culture before Year Zero. He distributed photocopied Buddhist scriptures among the refugees, as protection and inspiration for the battered people.

When the Pol Pot regime collapsed in 1979, Maha Ghosananda was one of only 3,000 Cambodian Buddhist monks alive, out of more than 60,000 at the start of the reign of terror in 1976. Throughout 1979 Maha Ghosananda established wats in refugee camps along the Thai-Cambodian border, ordaining monks against the orders of the Thai military.[8] He also founded more than 30 temples for Cambodian refugees living in Canada and the United States.[5]

His entire family, and countless friends and disciples, were massacred by the Khmer Rouge.

Restoration

Maha Ghosananda served as a key figure in post-Communist Cambodia, helping to restore the nation state and to revive Cambodian Buddhism. In 1980, he served as a representative of the Cambodian nation-in-exile to the United Nations.[4][6]

In 1980 Maha Ghosananda and the Reverend

forcibly repatriate thousands of refugees. Pond and the Preah Maha Ghosananda organized a protest against the forced repatriation of refugees from Sa Kaeo Refugee Camp.[9]

In 1988, Maha Ghosananda was elected as sanghreach (

sangha, having been appointed to the position in 1981 by the Vietnamese-backed People's Republic of Kampuchea.[11]

In 1989, he returned full-time to Cambodia, taking up residence at Wat Sampeou Meas in Phnom Penh.[5]

Dhammayietra

In 1992, during the first year of the United Nations sponsored peace agreement, Maha Ghosananda led the first nationwide Dhammayietra,[6] a peace march or pilgrimage, across Cambodia in an effort to begin restoring the hope and spirit of the Cambodian people.[3]

The 16-day, 125-mile peace walk passed through territory still littered with

landmines from the Khmer Rouge.[12] The initial walk consisted of approximately 350 monks, nuns, and lay Buddhists who escorted around 100 Cambodians from refugee camps to their villages in Cambodia.[5] This was carried out without official permission from Thai or Cambodian officials to cross the border.[5] By the time the march reached Phnom Penh it had grown in size significantly, and drew coverage from the international media.[5] In recognition of his contributions, King Sihanouk bestowed on Maha Goshananda the title samdech song santipeap ('Leader of Religion and Peace') later that year.[5]

The Dhammayietra became an annual walk which Maha Ghosananda led a number of times,

lay people. They were joined by The Interfaith Pilgrimage for Peace and Life. Together the two groups crossed Cambodia from the Thai border all the way to Vietnam
, spending several days walking through Khmer Rouge-controlled territory along the way. For his teachings on non-violence and establishing Buddhist temples throughout the world that root his exiled people in their religion of peace, he was presented with the Peace Abbey Courage of Conscience Award.

He had been called "the

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
, United States.

He died in Northampton, Massachusetts on March 12, 2007.[4]

Awards and recognitions

Books

  • Maha Ghosananda Step By Step

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ Biographies sometime state that Maha Ghosananda was born around 1922- this date may have been assigned later when Maha Goshananda applied for school in India. See (Harris 2005, pg. 207).
  2. ^ Not Ajahn Lee Dhammadaro, who died in 1961

References

  1. ^ a b "KI Media: Third Year Maha Ghosananda Celebration". 2010-03-07.
  2. ^
    CNN.com Archived 2012-04-06 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ a b c d e f Somdech Preah Maha Ghosananda - The Buddha of the Battlefields
  4. ^ a b c d e f g The Biography of Preah Samdech Maha Ghosananda (1913-2007) Archived 2007-06-26 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^
    ISBN 9780824832988
    .
  6. ^ a b c d Somdet Phra Maha Ghosananda (1929-)
  7. ^ "Nava Nalanda Mahavihara".
  8. ISBN 0-8248-2868-2
    , p. 201.
  9. ISBN 0-521-55640-6
    , p. 281.
  10. ^
    S2CID 247890925
  11. S2CID 247890925
  12. ISBN 0-7679-0157-6
  13. ^ Preah Maha Ghosananda, “Gandhi of Cambodia”, The Economist March 22nd 2007
  14. ^ The Peace Abbey Courage of Conscience Recipients List Archived 2009-02-07 at the Wayback Machine

Further reading

External links

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Preceded by Supreme Patriarch of Cambodia Succeeded by
Venerable Tep Vong years–
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