Veliki Preslav
Veliki Preslav
Велики Преслав | |
---|---|
UTC+3 (EEST) | |
Postal Code | 9850 |
Area code | 0538 |
The modern Veliki Preslav or Great Preslav (Bulgarian: Велики Преслав, pronounced [vɛˈliki prɛˈsɫaf]), former Preslav (Bulgarian: Преслав; until 1993), is a city and the seat of government of the Veliki Preslav Municipality (Great Preslav Municipality, new Bulgarian: obshtina), which in turn is part of Shumen Province, Bulgaria. Veliki Preslav is situated at an altitude of 132 m (92 m above sea level).[4]
A former village, it assumed the name of the medieval capital in 1878 and became a town in 1883. As of December 2009, it had a population of 8,951 inhabitants.[1][2][3]
Preslav was the capital of the First Bulgarian Empire from 893 to 972 and one of the most important cities in medieval Southeastern Europe. The ruins of the city are situated in modern northeastern Bulgaria, some 20 kilometres southwest of the regional capital of Shumen, and are currently a national archaeological reserve.
History
The name of Preslav is of
The pagan revolt of the Pliska nobility led by Prince Vladimir in 892 was decisive for the future destiny of the city. In 893 Vladimir was dethroned and during the Council of Preslav Boris I appointed Simeon the Great as his successor and decided to move the capital of the state from the still somewhat pagan Pliska to Preslav. In the following 80 years the city developed rapidly, turning into a centre not only of Bulgarian politics and diplomacy, but also of Slavic culture, literature and fine arts. A chronicler mentioned that it took Simeon 28 years to establish and build up his new capital. Archeological excavations have, however, proved that the city continued to develop also during the 930s and 940s and reached the peak in its growth and magnificence in the middle of the rule of Emperor Peter I of Bulgaria.
In view of the impressive town planning, the vital economy and the grandeur of buildings like the
The city's fortune underwent a dramatic downturn at the end of the 960s, when it was
Preslav regained some of its importance in Bulgarian politics during the first years of the joint rule of the founders of the
Preslav Crag on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Preslav.
Population
Veliki Preslav | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | 1887 | 1910 | 1934 | 1946 | 1956 | 1965 | 1975 | 1985 | 1992 | 2001 | 2005 | 2009 | 2011 | 2021 | |
Population | ?? | ?? | ?? | 4,127 | 5,499 | 8,143 | 11,298 | 10,865 | 9,969 | 9,328 | 9,265 | 8,951 | ?? | ?? | |
Highest number ?? in ?? | |||||||||||||||
Sources: National Statistical Institute,[1] citypopulation.de,[2] pop-stat.mashke.org,[3] Bulgarian Academy of Sciences[5] |
Education
- Simeon Veliki's technical high school
- Farming high school
Climate
Climate data for Veliki Preslav | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.6 (42.1) |
7.8 (46.0) |
12.2 (54.0) |
18.1 (64.6) |
23.7 (74.7) |
27.0 (80.6) |
30.1 (86.2) |
30.2 (86.4) |
25.3 (77.5) |
19.0 (66.2) |
12.2 (54.0) |
6.2 (43.2) |
18.0 (64.4) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) |
2.5 (36.5) |
7.0 (44.6) |
12.6 (54.7) |
18.0 (64.4) |
21.3 (70.3) |
24.1 (75.4) |
24.1 (75.4) |
20.1 (68.2) |
14.0 (57.2) |
8.2 (46.8) |
2.3 (36.1) |
13.0 (55.4) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.8 (28.8) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
2.3 (36.1) |
7.1 (44.8) |
12.0 (53.6) |
15.5 (59.9) |
18.0 (64.4) |
18.1 (64.6) |
14.2 (57.6) |
8.8 (47.8) |
4.2 (39.6) |
0.7 (33.3) |
8.0 (46.4) |
Source: Weatherbase[6] |
Culture
The National Historical and Archaeological Reserve and Museum are located in the town. In 1906 Yordan Gospodinov with the help from K. Shkorpil, established Archaeological Society "Ticha".[7] Every year in the town are conducted May cultural celebrations "Spring in Preslav".[8] Community Center "Razvitie" were established in 1874.
Sport
- FC Preslav
Gallery
-
Ceramic icon ofNational Archaeological Museum, Sofia
-
Entrance to the Round (Golden) Church of Veliki Preslav
-
Interior of southern wall of the inner-town of Preslav and ruins of officer's quarters lining the wall
-
The Byzantines attack Preslav, in a drawing from the 11th century chronicle of John Skylitzes
See also
- Preslav treasure
References
- ^ a b c (in English) Bulgarian National Statistical Institute – Bulgarian towns in 2009
- ^ a b c (in English) „WorldCityPopulation“
- ^ a b c ""pop-stat.mashke.org"".
- ^ elevationmap.net. "Veliki Preslav Bulgaria on the Elevation Map. Topographic Map of Veliki Preslav Bulgaria". elevationmap.net.
- ^ (in Bulgarian) Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Archived 6 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Shumen, Bulgaria Travel Weather Averages (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase.
- ^ "Археологически музей "Велики Преслав"". www.museum-preslav.com.
- ^ "Община Велики Преслав". velikipreslav.bg.
External links
- Municipality of Veliki Preslav
- Website of the National Historical and Archaeological Museum Veliki Preslav
- Primary School
- Nikolov, A. Making a new basileus: the case of Symeon of Bulgaria (893–927) reconsidered. – In: Rome, Constantinople and Newly converted Europe. Archeological and Historical Evidence. Vol. I. Ed. by M. Salamon, M. Wołoszyn, A. Musin, P. Špehar. Kraków-Leipzig-Rzeszów-Warszawa, 2012, 101–108