Prime Minister of Malaysia
Prime Minister of Malaysia | |
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Perdana Menteri Malaysia ڤردان منتري مليسيا | |
Yang di-Pertuan Agong | |
Term length | Five years, renewable |
Constituting instrument | Constitution of Malaysia |
Inaugural holder | Tunku Abdul Rahman |
Formation | 31 August 1957 |
Salary | RM22,826.65/US$ 5,106 per month[1] |
Website | www |
This article is part of a series on the |
Politics of Malaysia |
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The prime minister of Malaysia (
After the formation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963, Tunku Abdul Rahman, the chief minister of the Federation of Malaya, became the first prime minister of Malaysia.
Appointment
According to the
The prime minister and his cabinet ministers must take and subscribe to the oath of office and allegiance as well as the oath of secrecy in the presence of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong before they can exercise functions of office. The Cabinet is collectively accountable to the Parliament of Malaysia. The members of the Cabinet shall not hold any office of profit and engage in any trade, business or profession that will cause a conflict of interest. The Prime Minister's Department (sometimes referred to as the Prime Minister's Office) is the body and ministry in which the prime minister exercises his/her functions and powers.
In the case where a government cannot get its appropriation (budget) legislation passed by the House of Representatives, or when the House passes a vote of "no confidence" in the government, the prime minister is bound by convention to resign immediately. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong's choice of replacement prime minister will be dictated by the circumstances. All other ministers shall continue to hold office by the pleasure of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, unless if the appointment of any minister is revoked by his majesty upon the advice of the prime minister. Any minister may resign his office.
Following a resignation in other circumstances, defeat in an election, or the death of a prime minister, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong would generally appoint as the new leader of the governing party or coalition as new Prime Minister.
Malaysia uses
Powers
The power of the prime minister is subject to a number of limitations. Prime ministers removed as leader of his or her party, or whose government loses a
The prime minister's party will normally have a majority in the
Under the Constitution, the prime minister's role includes advising the Yang di-Pertuan Agong on:
- the appointment of the federal ministers (full members of cabinet);
- the appointment of the federal deputy ministers, parliamentary secretaries (non-full members of cabinet);
- the appointment of 44 out of 70 Senators in the Dewan Negara;
- the summoning and adjournment of sittings of the Dewan Rakyat;
- the appointment of judges of the superior courts (which are the High Courts, the Court of Appeal, and the Federal Court);
- the appointment of the attorney-general and the auditor-general; and
- the appointment of the chairmen and members of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission, Election Commission, Police Force Commission, Education Service Commission, National Finance Council, and Armed Forces Council;
Under Article 39 of the Constitution, executive authority is vested in the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. However, Article 40(1) states that in most cases, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is bound to exercise his powers on the advice of the Cabinet or a minister acting under the Cabinet's general authority. Thus, in practice, actual governing authority is vested in the Prime Minister and Cabinet.
Acting prime minister
From time to time, prime ministers are required to leave the country on business and a deputy is appointed to take their place during that time. In the days before jet aeroplanes, such absences could be for extended periods. However, the position can be fully decided by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the king of Malaysia when the position remains empty following the sudden resignation or death of the prime minister.[citation needed]
Caretaker prime minister
Under Article 55(3) of
List of prime ministers of Malaysia
Colour key (for political coalitions/parties):
Alliance Party (2) Barisan Nasional (6) Pakatan Harapan (2) Perikatan Nasional (1)
# | Portrait | Prime Minister (Birth–Death) Constituency |
Term of office | Mandate[a] | Party[b] | Government | Monarch(s)
| |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||||
1 | His Highness MP for Kuala Kedah
|
31 August 1957 |
22 September 1970 |
13 years, 23 days | 1955 | Alliance (UMNO) | Rahman I | Abdul Rahman Hisamuddin Putra Ismail Nasiruddin Abdul Halim | ||
1959 | Rahman II | |||||||||
1964 | Rahman III | |||||||||
1969 | Rahman IV | |||||||||
2 | Tun Haji Abdul Razak Hussein عبد الرزاق حسين (1922–1976) MP for Pekan |
22 September 1970 |
14 January 1976[c] |
5 years, 115 days | – | Alliance (UMNO) | Razak I | Abdul Halim Yahya Petra | ||
1974 | BN (UMNO) | Razak II | ||||||||
3 | Tun Hussein Onn حسين عون (1922–1990) MP for Sri Gading |
15 January 1976 |
16 July 1981 |
5 years, 183 days | – | BN (UMNO) | Hussein I | Yahya Petra Ahmad Shah | ||
1978 | Hussein II | |||||||||
4 | Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad محاضير محمد (b.1925) MP for Kubang Pasu |
16 July 1981 |
30 October 2003 |
22 years, 107 days | — | BN (UMNO) | Mahathir I | Ahmad Shah Iskandar Azlan Shah Ja'afar Salahuddin Sirajuddin | ||
1982 | Mahathir II | |||||||||
1986 | Mahathir III | |||||||||
1990 | Mahathir IV | |||||||||
1995 | Mahathir V | |||||||||
1999 | Mahathir VI | |||||||||
5 | Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi عبد الله أحمد بدوي (b.1939) MP for Kepala Batas |
31 October 2003 |
3 April 2009 |
5 years, 155 days | — | BN (UMNO) | Abdullah I | Sirajuddin Mizan Zainal Abidin | ||
2004 | Abdullah II | |||||||||
2008 | Abdullah III | |||||||||
6 | Dato' Sri Haji Najib Razak نجيب رزاق (b.1953) MP for Pekan |
3 April 2009 |
9 May 2018 |
9 years, 37 days | — | BN (UMNO) | Najib I | Mizan Zainal Abidin Abdul Halim Muhammad V | ||
2013 | Najib II | |||||||||
7 | Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad محاضير محمد (b.1925) MP for Langkawi |
10 May 2018 |
24 February 2020 |
1 year, 291 days | 2018 | PH (BERSATU) | Mahathir VII | Muhammad V Abdullah | ||
During this interval, the incumbent Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad was the Interim Prime Minister. (24 February–1 March 2020) | Abdullah | |||||||||
8 | Tan Sri Dato' Haji Muhyiddin Yassin محيي الدين ياسين (b.1947) MP for Pagoh |
1 March 2020 |
16 August 2021 |
1 year, 169 days | — | PN (BERSATU) | Muhyiddin | |||
During this interval, the incumbent Prime Minister, Muhyiddin Yassin was the Caretaker Prime Minister. (16–21 August 2021) | ||||||||||
9 | Dato' Sri Ismail Sabri Yaakob اإسماعيل صبري يعقوب (b.1960) MP for Bera |
21 August 2021 |
24 November 2022 |
1 year, 96 days | — | BN (UMNO) | Ismail Sabri | |||
10 | Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim أنوار إبراهيم (b.1947) MP for Tambun |
24 November 2022 |
Incumbent | 1 year, 154 days | (2022) | PH (PKR) | Anwar | Abdullah Ibrahim Iskandar |
Timeline
Notes
- ^ Legend for mandate portion of column:
- 1955a year
- indicates a general election won by the government or that led to the formation of a government (the year links to the election's article);
- (2022)a parenthesised year
- indicates an election resulting in no single party or coalition winning a parliamentary majority (the year links to the election's article);
- —a dash
- indicates the formation of a majority government without an election.
- ^ This column names only the Prime Minister's party. The government may be a complex coalition of several parties and independents; those are not listed here.
- ^ Died in office.
See also
- Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia
- Air transports of heads of state and government
- Official state car
- Spouse of the Prime Minister of Malaysia
- Leader of the Opposition (Malaysia)
- Chief Ministers in Malaysia
References
- ^ "CPPS Policy Factsheet: Remuneration of Elected Officials in Malaysia" (PDF). Centre for Public Policy Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 May 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
- ^ "Malaysia Gelar Pemilu Hari Ini". CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). 19 November 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2022.