Procarbazine

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Procarbazine
Clinical data
Trade namesMatulane, Natulan, Indicarb, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682094
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: D
Routes of
administration		By mouth (gel capsule), intravenous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Metabolismliver, kidney
Elimination half-life10 minutes
Excretionkidney
Identifiers
  • N-Isopropyl-4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzamide
JSmol)
  • O=C(c1ccc(cc1)CNNC)NC(C)C
  • InChI=1S/C12H19N3O/c1-9(2)15-12(16)11-6-4-10(5-7-11)8-14-13-3/h4-7,9,13-14H,8H2,1-3H3,(H,15,16) checkY
  • Key:CPTBDICYNRMXFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Procarbazine is a

glioblastoma multiforme it is used with lomustine and vincristine.[1] It is typically taken by mouth.[1]

Common side effect include low blood cell counts and vomiting.[1] Other side effects include tiredness and depression.[2][3] It is not recommended in people with severe liver or kidney problems.[4] Use in pregnancy is known to harm the baby.[1] Procarbazine is in the alkylating agents family of medication.[1] How it works is not clearly known.[1]

Procarbazine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1969.[1] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[5][6] In the United Kingdom a month of treatment cost the National Health Service 450 to 750 pounds.[4]

Medical uses

When used to treat

adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine (tradename Oncovin), prednisone, and procarbazine. The first combination chemotherapy developed for Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), MOPP also included procarbazine (ABVD has supplanted MOPP as standard first line treatment for HL, with BEACOPP as an alternative for advanced/unfavorable HL). Alternatively, when used to treat certain brain tumors (malignant gliomas), it is often dosed as PCV when combined with lomustine
(often called CCNU) and vincristine.

Dose should be adjusted for kidney disease or liver disease.

Side effects

Very common (greater than 10% of people experience them) adverse effects include loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting.

ovarian failure.[2]

When combined with ethanol, procarbazine may cause a disulfiram-like reaction in some people.[2]

It weakly inhibits MAO in the gastrointestinal system, so it can cause hypertensive crises if associated with the ingestion of tyramine-rich foods such as aged cheeses; this appears to be rare.[2]

Procarbazine rarely causes chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy,[7] a progressive, enduring, often irreversible tingling numbness, intense pain, and hypersensitivity to cold, beginning in the hands and feet and sometimes involving the arms and legs.[8]

Pharmacology

Procarbazine works, in part, as an

cytochrome P-450
system to an active azoxy-derivative.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "Procarbazine Hydrochloride". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Procarbazine Capsules 50mg – Summary of Product Characteristics". UK Electronic Medicines Compendium. 24 November 2014. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
  3. ISBN 9789241547659
    .
  4. ^
    ISBN 9780857111562
    .
  5. hdl:10665/325771
    . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  6. hdl:10665/345533
    . WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
  7. ^ DeAngelis LM, Posner JS (2003). "Nonmetastatic Complications". In Kufe DW, Pollock RE, Weichselbaum RR, et al. (eds.). Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine (6th ed.). Hamilton (ON): BC Decker. Archived from the original on 2017-09-11.
  8. ^ del Pino BM (Feb 23, 2010). "Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy". NCI Cancer Bulletin. 7 (4): 6. Archived from the original on 2011-12-11.
  9. PMID 20625128
    .
  10. ISBN 978-0-12-088410-0
    . Retrieved 1 January 2021.

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Procarbazine&oldid=1158937014"