Progressivism

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For other uses, see Progressivism (disambiguation).

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Progressivism is a

social reform – primarily based on purported advancements in social organization, science, and technology.[1] Adherents hold that progressivism has universal application and endeavor to spread this idea to human societies everywhere. Progressivism arose during the Age of Enlightenment out of the belief that civility in Europe was improving due to the application of new empirical knowledge to the governance of society.[2]

In modern political discourse, progressivism gets often associated with social liberalism,[3][4][5] a left-leaning type of liberalism.

History

From the Enlightenment to the Industrial Revolution

Immanuel Kant

sex inequality, prison reforms which at the time were harsh, and the decline of poverty.[7]

classical liberals in the 19th and 20th centuries, who called for the rapid modernisation of the economy and society to remove the traditional hindrances to free markets and the free movements of people.[8]

John Stuart Mill

In the late 19th century, a political view rose in popularity in the Western world that progress was being stifled by vast

Toryism.[11][12]

In France, the space between

socialist movement of the time and as humane ways to assist in maintaining the Industrial Revolution.[13]

In 1891, the

Protestant outlook called the Social Gospel emerged in North America that focused on challenging economic exploitation and poverty and, by the mid-1890s, was common in many Protestant theological seminaries in the United States.[15]

Early 20th-century progressivism included support for American engagement in

monopolistic corporations, and conflict between workers and elites, arguing that corrective measures were needed.[22]

Contemporary mainstream political conception of the philosophy

Theodore Roosevelt

In the United States, progressivism began as an intellectual rebellion against the political philosophy of

Progressive Party declared that he "always believed that wise progressivism and wise conservatism go hand in hand."[26]

Woodrow Wilson

President

Anti-imperialists supported these views in areas resisting imperial rule.[28]

During the period of acceptance of economic

social democrats who have called for the social-democratic movement to move past Third Way.[30] Prominent progressive conservative elements in the British Conservative Party have criticised neoliberalism.[31]

In the 21st century, progressives continue to favour

economic and social equality as well as improved well being of a population. Proponents of social democracy have identified themselves as promoting the progressive cause.[32]

Types

Cultural progressivism

Progressivism, in the general sense, mainly means social and cultural progressivism. The term cultural liberalism is similar, and is used substantially similarly.[33] However, cultural liberals and progressives may differ in positions on cultural issues such as minority rights, social justice,[citation needed] and political correctness.[34][original research?]

Unlike progressives in a broader sense, some cultural progressives may be economically centrist, conservative, or politically libertarian. The Czech Pirate Party is classified as a (cultural or social) progressive party,[35] but it calls itself "economically centrist and socially liberal".[36]

Economic progressivism

Main article: Economic progressivism

Economic progressivism is a term used to distinguish it from progressivism in cultural fields. Economic progressives' views are often rooted in the concept of

government regulation, social protections and the maintenance of public goods.[37]

Some economic progressives may show center-right views on cultural issues. These movements are related to communitarian conservative movements such as Christian democracy and one-nation conservatism.[38][39]

Techno progressivism

Main article: Techno-progressivism

Progressive parties or parties with progressive factions

Current parties

Former parties

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^ "Progressivism in English". Oxford English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 21 March 2019. Retrieved 2 May 2017.
  2. ^ Harold Mah. Enlightenment Phantasies: Cultural Identity in France and Germany, 1750–1914. Cornell University. (2003). p. 157.
  3. ^ Klaus P. Fischer, ed. (2007). America in White, Black, and Gray: A History of the Stormy 1960s. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 39.
  4. ^ Great Courses, ed. (2014). The Modern Political Tradition: Episode 17: Progressivism and New Liberalism. Great Courses.[ISBN missing]
  5. ^ Helen Hardacre; Timothy S. George; Keigo Komamura; Franziska Seraphim, eds. (2021). Japanese Constitutional Revisionism and Civic Activism. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 136, 162.[ISBN missing]
  6. ^ Kant, Immanuel; Reiss, Hans Siegbert (1991). "Kant: political writings". Cambridge [England]; New York: Cambridge University Press.
  7. ^ Nisbet, Robert (1980). History of the Idea of Progress. New York: Basic Books. ch 5
  8. ISBN 9780393078916
    .
  9. ISBN 9780195311068
    .
  10. ^ Alan Ryan. The Making of Modern Liberalism. p. 25.
  11. ^ Patrick Dunleavy, Paul Joseph Kelly, Michael Moran. British Political Science: Fifty Years of Political Studies. Oxford, England; Malden, Massachusetts: Wiley-Blackwell, 2000. pp. 107–108. [ISBN missing]
  12. ^ Robert Blake. Disraeli. Second Edition. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode (Publishers) Ltd, 1967. p. 524.[ISBN missing]
  13. ^ Union Contributions to Labor Welfare Policy and Practice: Past, Present, and Future. Routledge, 16, 2013. p. 172. [ISBN missing]
  14. ^ Faith Jaycox. The Progressive Era. New York: Infobase Publishing, 2005. p. 85.
  15. ^ Charles Howard Hopkins, The Rise of the Social Gospel in American Protestantism, 1865–1915 (1940). [page needed][ISBN missing]
  16. ISBN 9780691116778
    .
  17. S2CID 162853992
    .
  18. S2CID 44566095
    .
  19. doi:10.1257/089533005775196642. Archived
    (PDF) from the original on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  20. ^ James H. Timberlake, Prohibition and the Progressive Movement, 1900–1920 (1970)[page needed][ISBN missing]
  21. ^ "Prohibition: A Case Study of Progressive Reform". Library of Congress. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  22. ISBN 9780195311068
    .
  23. ^ Waluchow, Wil (17 August 2018). "Constitutionalism". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University – via Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  24. ISBN 9780268106973
    .
  25. ^ "The Progressive Era (1890–1920)". The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project. Archived 20 January 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 31 September 2014.
  26. ^ Lurie, Jonathan (2012). William Howard Taft: The Travails of a Progressive Conservative. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 196.
  27. ISBN 9780195311068
    .
  28. ^ Reconsidering Woodrow Wilson: Progressivism, Internationalism, War, and Peace. p. 309. [ISBN missing]
  29. ^ Jane Lewis, Rebecca Surender. Welfare State Change: Towards a Third Way?. Oxford University Press, 2004. pp. 3–4, 16. [ISBN missing]
  30. ^ After the Third Way: The Future of Social Democracy in Europe. I.B. Taurus, 2012. p. 47. [ISBN missing]
  31. ^ Hugh Bochel. The Conservative Party and Social Policy. The Policy Press, 2011. p. 108. [ISBN missing]
  32. ^ Henning Meyer, Jonathan Rutherford. The Future of European Social Democracy: Building the Good Society. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. p. 108. [ISBN missing]
  33. ISBN 9781619020962
    . When the going got tough, the economic progressives got going back to the Reagan days when the cultural progressives were to blame. Clinton's presidential campaign had "signaled cultural moderation and articulated the pocketbook frustrations of ordinary people," Robert Kuttner, editor of The American Prospect ventured. "But in office, he seemed a cultural liberal who failed to produce on economics."
  34. ^ a b Ball, Molly. "The Battle Within the Democratic Party". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2017.
  35. ^ a b Slawek Blitch. Finally, a healthy dose of anti-establishment. politicalcritique.org. 8 January 2018.
  36. ^ "Piráti chtějí vést liberální politický střed a v květnu získat 20 procent, zaznělo na fóru v Táboře" (in Czech). ČT24. 19 January 2019.
  37. ^ "The Origins and Evolution of Progressive Economics".
  38. ^ "Did you know there's a third party based on Catholic teaching?". Catholic News Agency. 12 October 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2021. Politically, we would be considered center-right on social issues
  39. ^ "New political party says its roots are in Catholic Social Teaching". 26 November 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2021. I was working on my doctoral dissertation largely concerning difficulties and opportunities for socially conservative, economically progressive movements, and desired to get involved in such movements ... and was glad to see that ASP was interested in applying such ways of thinking to contemporary issues.
  40. ^ "La llamativa definición política de Alberto Fernández: "Soy de la rama del liberalismo progresista peronista"". Clarín. 19 July 2019. Archived from the original on 6 November 2019. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  41. ^ "Juan Grabois lanza el Frente Patria Grande que lideraría Cristina Kirchner". Perfil (in Spanish). 27 October 2018. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  42. ^ "Alberto Fernández: "Soy más hijo de la cultura hippie que de las veinte verdades peronistas"". 12 April 2020.
  43. ^ Lopez, Daniel; Bandt, Adam (3 September 2021). "Australian Greens Are Building a Movement to End Neoliberalism". Jacobin. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  44. ISBN 9783319532554
    . In Brazil, as Simone Bohn makes straightforward (Chap. 3), the progressive Workers' Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores, PT) governments did not threaten the power of the national elite or landlord class; ...
  45. ^ "A trajetória do PSB, o Partido que quer lançar Joaquim Barbosa à Presidência", BBC News Brasil
  46. ^ "O Que é ser progressist?", BBC News Brasil
  47. ^ O que pensam os partidos progressistas sobre o "Efeito Lula", 17 March 2021
  48. ^ Alvin Finkel (2012). Our Lives: Canada after 1945: Second Edition. James Lorimer & Company. p. 5. ... capitalism and a wise federal bureaucracy presided over by a progressive Liberal party with intelligent leaders.
  49. ^ Robert Harris (2018). Song of a Nation: The Untold Story of Canada's National Anthem. McClelland & Stewart.
  50. ^ "Trudeau made pushing his agenda more complicated with a failed bid for majority". CBC. 21 September 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2022.
  51. ^ Emmett Macfarlane (2021). Dilemmas of Free Expression. University of Toronto Press. p. 317.
  52. ^ "El pinochetista Kast y el progresista Boric definirán la presidencia el 19 de diciembre elecciones en Chile".
  53. ^ Katerina Safarikova. "Czechs Eye 'Symbolic' Pirate Breakthrough in Europe". /balkaninsight.com. 21 May 2019.
  54. ^ "Notre charte fondatrice". nouvelledonne.fr (in French).
  55. ^
    ISBN 9781351608916
    . Progressive groups such as Syriza and Podemos6 tend, on the contrary, to show solidarity towards migrants and refugees, as in general being the weakest components of the society. The Five Star Movement that defines itself as neither ...
  56. ISBN 9781421438634
    . The Arab Spring, the Latin American Pink Tide, the Indignados in Spain, the Occupy movement, the rise of progressive social movement– based parties in Spain (Podemos) and in Greece (Syriza), and the spike in mass protests in 2011 and ...
  57. ISBN 9781498546041
    . SYRIZA massively scooped up the votes of leftist, progressive, socially liberal young people, as well as the trade union voters, not specifically aligned with the Communist Party, to gain 52 seats.
  58. ISBN 9781783482702
    . The choice to be made for Syriza is between fidelity to a progressive social agenda and retaining Greece's place within a community of nations tied together by a commitment to a neoliberal global economy. The skill with which they ...
  59. ^ "'India's soul at stake': Bengalis vote in divisive election". The Guardian. 26 March 2021. The TMC has implemented a progressive development agenda, but it has also been mired in accusations of corruption and thuggery.
  60. ^ "PSI: Gerakan Progresif Baru?". pinter politik (in Indonesian). 24 August 2017. Retrieved 24 January 2023.
  61. ^ "Mengenal Partai Hijau Indonesia: Suarakan Isu Lingkungan, Anti Mengultuskan Pemimpin". mojok.co (in Indonesian). 8 February 2023. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
  62. ^ Matthew Allen, Rumi Sakamoto, ed. (2007). Popular Culture, Globalization and Japan. Routledge. ... capturing 295 seats in the Diet. Progressive parties like the Japanese Communist Party and Social Democratic Party, ...
  63. ISBN 9781137503428
    . Conventional wisdom, still dominant in media and academic circles, holds that the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and the Japanese Communist Party (JCP) occupy the conservative and progressive ends of the ideological spectrum, ...
  64. ^ ""선제공격 능력 갖추자" 日정부 주장에…"시대착오적" 비판". Edaily. 13 November 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021. ... 개헌에 반대해 온 진보 성향의 일본공산당은 "적 기지에 대한 공격력을 갖추더라도 상대국의 지하나 이동발사대 등 미사일 위치를 모두 파악하고 파괴하는 것은 불가능하다"며 ... [... The progressive position Japanese Communist Party, which has opposed the constitutional amendment, said, "Even if it has offensive power against enemy bases, it is impossible to identify and destroy all missile locations such as underground or mobile launchers of the other country" ...]
  65. ^ Brasor, Philip (20 July 2019). "Citizen campaigns seek to increase voter turnout in Upper House election". The Japan Times. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  66. ^ "GroenLinks (GL)". www.parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  67. ^ a b GroenLinks. "EEN PROGRESSIEF OPPOSITIEAKKOORD".
  68. ^ a b GroenLinks. "PVDA EN GROENLINKS SLUITEN PROGRESSIEF OPPOSITIEAKKOORD".
  69. ^ a b ProDemos NL. "Indeling van partijen".
  70. ^ a b "Progressief Oppositieakkoord". PvdA (in Dutch). Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  71. ^ "Partij van de Arbeid (PvdA)". www.parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  72. ^ "About Akbayan – Akbayan Party List". akbayan.org.ph. Archived from the original on 27 July 2018. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  73. ^ The politics of Portugal – who are the parties?
  74. ISBN 9780714681740
    – via Google Books.
  75. ^ https://www.ricemedia.co/current-affairs-features-progress-singapore-party-psp-tan-cheng-bock/
  76. ^ "Minjung Party press conference". Yonhap News Agency. 11 October 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2020. Members of the progressive Minjung Party hold a press conference in front of former President Chun Doo-hwan's home in Seoul on May 18, 2020.
  77. ^ "South Korea Backtracks on Easing Sanctions After Trump Comment". The New York Times. 11 October 2018. "The dog barks, but the caravan moves on," Lee Eun-Hae, a spokeswoman at the minor progressive Minjung Party, said in a statement about Mr. Trump and closer relations with North Korea.
  78. ISBN 9781137532282
    . As of January 2020 (the time of writing), a new leftist government coalition between the Socialist Party and the leftist populist Unidas Podemos that emerged from the November 2019 election is coming to power with a progressive agenda ...
  79. ^ "Errejón pide a Gabilondo centrarse en lo importante, una mayoría progresista". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Madrid. EFE. 24 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  80. ^ "The Center Cannot Hold in Spain, but Can the Left Take Advantage?". thenation.com. The Nation. 3 May 2021.
  81. ^ "Democracy prevails in Taiwan". Taiwan News. 12 January 2020. Archived from the original on 14 January 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
  82. ^ Kuo, Yu-Ying, ed. (2018). Policy Analysis in Taiwan. Policy Press. The Democratic Progressive Party, founded in 1986, is a progressive and liberal political party in Taiwan.
  83. ^ Nidhi Eoseewong (8 May 2018). "Nidhi Eoseewong: An open letter to Pheu Thai". prachatai.
  84. ^ "Green Party of England and Wales elects new leaders". europeangreens.edu. European Green Party. Archived from the original on 1 April 2017. Retrieved 31 March 2017.
  85. ^ Joseph M. Hoeffel, ed. (2014). Fighting for the Progressive Center in the Age of Trump. ABC-CLIO.
  86. ^ Chotiner, Isaac (2 March 2020). "How Socialist Is Bernie Sanders?". The New Yorker. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
  87. ISBN 9781642595307
    . She later ran as a New York State lieutenant gubernatorial candidate on a progressive Green Party platform
  88. ISBN 9781610698610
    . Progressive decrees, exemplified by the government's legalization of same-sex marriage in July, depicted the FPV as progressive. Behind the scenes, Kirchner promoted 'La Campora," and Peronist youth organization.
  89. ^ Rémond, René (1966). University of Pennsylvania Press (ed.). The Right Wing in France: From 1815 to de Gaulle.
  90. ISBN 9781855673281
    . Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  91. ISBN 9780203966648
  92. ISBN 9780203931141

Sources

  • Dudley, Larkin Sims. "Enduring narratives from progressivism." International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior 7.3 (2003): 315-340.
  • Eisenach, Eldon J., ed. Social and Political Thought of American Progressivism. (Hackett Publishing, 2006).
  • Frohman, Larry. "The Break-Up of the Poor Laws—German Style: Progressivism and the Origins of the Welfare State, 1900–1918." Comparative Studies in Society and History 50.4 (2008): 981-1009.
  • Jackson, Ben. "Equality and the British Left: A study in progressive political thought, 1900-64." in Equality and the British Left (2013)
  • ISBN 0195053044
    .
  • ISBN 1931498717
    .
  • ISBN 0882958143
    .
  • McGerr, Michael. A Fierce Discontent: The Rise and Fall of the Progressive Movement in America, 1870–1920. 2003.
  • Nugent, Walter. Progressivism: A very short introduction (Oxford University Press, 2009).
  • Petrow, Stefan. "Progressivism in Australia: the case of John Daniel Fitzgerald, 1900-1922." Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society 90.1 (2004): 53-74.
  • Sawyer, Stephen, and William J. Novak. "Emancipation and the creation of modern liberal states in America and France." Journal of the civil war era 3.4 (2013): 467-500. online[permanent dead link]

External links

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