Prostitution in Nicaragua
Prostitution in Nicaragua is legal, but promoting prostitution and procuring are prohibited.[1][2] The minimum age for prostitutes is 18 years old.[1] It was estimated in 2015 that there were around 15,000 prostitutes in the country.[3]
Prostitution is common in Managua. Prostitutes work on the streets, in nightclubs and bars, or in massage parlors.
Prostitutes are known locally as "zorras".[4]
History
From 1880 to 1927 there were no prostitution laws. Prostitutes,
In August 1955 a law was passed prohibiting the promotion of prostitution. By then the national Guard had taken control of prostitution in the country. The only people jailed for controlling prostitution were those who wouldn't pay the required bribes.[5]
Starting in the 1960s President Somoza's business empire moved into prostitution and gambling houses. The National Guard (who Somoza was the head of), through being bribed, ensured these establishments flourished. After Somoza was deposed in 1979 by the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN)), one of their first actions was the destruction and burning of "a great number of brothels, bars and gambling houses". The FSLN had previously advocated the elimination of prostitution in its 1969 manifesto, but this was never enacted.[5]
Facilitadoras judiciales
Nicaragua became the first country to train sex workers to be official representatives of the government and the judicial system.[3] In a pilot scheme, 16 sex workers were trained as "Facilitadoras judiciales" (judicial facilitators).[3] This led to a further 60 sex workers being trained.[6] The eventual aim is to have at least six sex workers trained in every municipality (153).[7]
The scheme was organised by the Sunflowers Sex Workers’ Association and is part of a larger initiative that has trained 4,300 facilitators in the country.[6] The scheme is endorsed by the Nicaraguan Judicial System.[3] Vice-president Marvin Aguilar said "We are the only country in the world that treats sex workers as ‘judicial facilitators’. The only country in the world that does not try and arrest them, where the activity is not criminalized.”[3]
The judicial facilitators have the following tasks:
- Help local judges in proceedings
- They disseminate civic-legal laws and regulations among the population
- Advise and accompany the population in judicial and administrative proceedings
- Carry out mediations in cases that the Law allows
- They send the corresponding authorities the cases that are not within their competence.
HIV
With only 0.2
A September 2005 study on HIV among commercial sex workers reported by UNAIDS demonstrated a prevalence of only 0.2 percent in that group.[8] This had increased to 2.6% in 2016.[9]
Child Prostitution
Child prostitution is widespread, particularly in Managua, port cities, along the Honduran and Costa Rican borders, and near highways.[10][11]
The law permits juveniles 14 years of age or older to engage in prostitution.[1] According to Casa Alianza, between 1,200 and 1,500 girls and young women work in the brothels of Managua, and almost half are under the age of 18.[12] Every night, hundreds of teenage girls line the Masaya Highway commercial corridor on the capital's south side. Street children engage in prostitution, often to support a drug habit.
Nicaragua is a destination for child sex tourists from the United States, Canada, and Western Europe.[13] The law imposes a penalty of five to seven years' imprisonment for convicted sex tourism offenders.[1]
Sex trafficking
Nicaragua is principally a source and transit country for women, and children subjected to
Nicaraguans from Northern-Central departments who migrate to other Central American countries and Europe are reportedly vulnerable to sextrafficking. During the reporting period, Nicaraguans were reported as among the primary nationalities of victims identified in Guatemala. In addition, children left by these migrants in Nicaragua reportedly become vulnerable to sex trafficking.
The United States Department of State Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons ranks Nicaragua as a Tier 2 Watch List country.[14]
References
- ^ a b c d 2008 Human Rights Report: Nicaragua. State.gov. Retrieved on 2011-03-30.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "100 Countries and Their Prostitution Policies". Procon. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
- ^ a b c d e Custer, Jeff (4 June 2015). "Nicaragua trains sex workers as judicial facilitators - Inside Costa Rica". Inside Costa Rica. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
- ^ "Live in Nicaragua - The Lay of the Land". Live in Nicaragua. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
- ^ ISBN 978-0271048710.
- ^ a b Morel, Blanca (7 April 2015). "Nicaragua prostitutes study law to help others in trouble". Tico Times. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
- ^ "Nicaragua Certifies Prostitutes as Paralegals". Q Costa Rica. 22 April 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
- ^ a b "Health Profile: Nicaragua" (PDF). United States Agency for International Development. June 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 April 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2008. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "HIV prevalence amongst sex workers". www.aidsinfoonline.org. UNAIDS. 2016. Archived from the original on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
- ^ "Child prostitution: the ugliest part of tourism". Archived from the original on 2004-04-22. Retrieved 2017-04-25.
- ^ Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB) - U.S. Department of Labor. Dol.gov. Retrieved on 2011-03-30.
- ^ Child prostitution: the ugliest part of tourism Archived 2012-06-25 at the Wayback Machine. Thepanamanews.com. Retrieved on 2011-03-30.
- ^ "Nicaragua Trafficking in Persons Report 2017". US Department of state. Retrieved 2 January 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "Nicaragua 2018 Trafficking in Persons Report". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
