Protesilaus
In
Description
In the account of Dares the Phrygian, Protesilaus was illustrated as ". . .fair-skinned, and dignified. He was swift, self-confident, and even rash."[3]
Mythology
Protesilaus was one of the
According to legend, the Nymphs planted
[15] |
|
Cult of Protesilaus
Only two
A founder-cult of Protesilaus at Scione, in
Protesilaus, speaking from beyond the grave, is the oracular source of the corrected eye-witness version of the actions of heroes at Troy, related by a "vine-dresser" to a Phoenician merchant in the
Cultural depictions
Among very few representations of Protesilaus,[28] a sculpture by Deinomenes is just a passing mention in Pliny's Natural History;[29] the outstanding surviving examples are two Roman copies of a lost mid-fifth century Greek bronze original representing Protesilaus at his defining moment, one of them in a torso at the British Museum,[30] the other at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.[31] The Metropolitan's sculpture of a heroically nude helmeted warrior stands on a forward-slanting base, looking down and slightly to his left, with his right arm raised, prepared to strike, would not be identifiable, save by comparison made by Gisela Richter[32] with a torso of the same model and its associated slanting base, schematically carved as the prow of a ship encircled by waves: Protesilaus about to jump ashore.
If Euripides' tragedy, Protesilaos, had survived, his name would be more familiar today.[33]
The poem in the Palatine Anthology (VII.141) on Protesilaus by Antiphilus of Byzantium in turn inspired F. L. Lucas's poem "The Elms of Protesilaus" (1927).[34]
Works employing this myth
- "Dialogues of the Dead", by Lucian,[35]
- Protesilaos, a lost tragedy of Euripides of which only fragments survive [36]
- "Protesilaodamia", a lost work of Laevius[37]
- "carmen 61", "carmen 68", by Catullus[38]
- "Elegies, to Cynthia", by Propertius[39]
- "Heroicus", by Philostratus[40]
- "The Epistles", 13, by Ovid[41]
- "Laodamia", by William Wordsworth
- " Veeraanganaa", by Michael Madhusudan Dutt[42]
- "Protesilas i Laodamia", by Stanisław Wyspiański[43]
- ΠΡΩΤΕΣΙΛΑΟΣ, Η ΤΡΑΓΩΔΙΑ, ΤΟΥ Κωνσταντίνου Αθ. Οικονόμου, Λάρισα, 2010. [www.scribd.com/oikonomoukon]
References
- ^ Homer. Iliad, 2.695.
- ^ a b Hyginus. Fabulae, 103.
- ^ Dares Phrygius, History of the Fall of Troy 13
- Hyginus. Fabulae, 97.
- ^ Iliad II; Pseudo-Apollodorus. Epitome of The Library E.3.14.
- ^ Pausanias, iv.2.5.
- ^ Hyginus. Fabulae, 114.
- ^ Smyrnaeus, Quintus (1913). Fall of Troy.
- ^ Homer. Iliad, 2.705.
- ^ Pseudo-Apollodorus. Epitome to The Library, E.3.30; Ovid. Heroides, 13.
- ^ Hyginus. Fabulae, 104.
- ^ The Cypria, Fragment 17; cited in Pausanias, Description of Greece, 4. 2. 7
- ^ Quintus Smyrnaeus, Τα μεθ' `Ομηρον, 7.407-411
- ^ Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 16.238
- ^ Anth. Pal., VII.141
- ^ Ludo de Lannoy, ed. Jennifer K. Berenson Maclean and Ellen Bradshaw Aitken, trs.,Flavius Philostratus: On Heroes (1977, 2002) Introduction, liii.
- ^ Iliad II.
- ^ Pindar. First Isthmian Ode, 83f.
- ^ Herodotus. The Histories, 9.116-120; see also 7.23.
- ^ Arrian. The Campaigns of Alexander, 1.11.
- ^ Philostratus. Heroikos ("Dialogue Concerning Heroes"). "Protesilaos" is set in the sanctuary; elms were planted at the sanctuary by the nymphs; the chthonic hero has given advice to athletes in the form of oracular dreams; see Christopher P. Jones, "Philostratus' Heroikos and Its Setting in Reality", The Journal of Hellenic Studies 121 (2001:141-149).
- ^ C. Jones, New Heroes in Antiquity 2010, 72
- ^ Image of the coin from RPC Online:: "RPC IV, 10954". Roman Provincial Coinage Online. Ashmolean Museum. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
- ^ "ToposText". topostext.org.
- ^ Conon's abbreviated mythographies are known through a summary made by the ninth-century patriarch Photius for his Biblioteca (Alan Cameron, Greek Mythography in the Roman World [Oxford University Press) 2004:72).
- ^ G. F. H., "Protesilaos at Scione" The British Museum Quarterly 1.1 (May 1926):24).
- ^ See Casey Dué and Gregory Nagy, "Preliminaries to Philostratus's On Heroes", in Maclean and Aitken 2002.
- ^ Pausanias, in his travels in Greece at the end of the 2nd century AD saw no statues of Protesilaus, though he appeared among the heroes painted by Polygnotus at Delphi (x.30.3).
- ^ 'Historia Naturalis, 34.76.
- ^ Found at Cyzicus in Mysia (modern Turkey).
- ^ Accession number 1925.25.116: Richter 1929b: Gisela M. A. Richter, "A Statue of Protesilaos in the Metropolitan Museum" Metropolitan Museum Studies 1.2 (May 1929:187-200).
- ^ Richter 1929b.
- ^ So observed Gisela Richter, discussing the recently-acquired Metropolitan sculpture: Richter 1929a. "A Statue of Protesilaos" The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 24.1 (January 1929:26-29) p. 29.
- ^ New Statesman, 17 Dec. 1927, p.325, reprinted in The Best Poems of 1928, ed. Thomas Moult (Cape, London, 1928; Harcourt, Brace & Co, N.Y., 1928) and included with revisions in Lucas’s Time and Memory (1929) and From Many Times and Lands (1951)
- ^ Henderson, Jeffrey. "Dialogues Of The Dead: Dialogue 28". Loeb Classical Library.
- ^ Henderson, Jeffrey. "Protesilaus". Loeb Classical Library.
- ISBN 9780199381135.
- – via Cambridge Core.
- ^ "Sextus Propertius, Elegies, Book 1, Addressed to Cynthia". www.perseus.tufts.edu.
- ISBN 9780674996748– via www.loebclassics.com.
- ^ "P. Ovidius Naso, The Epistles of Ovid, Laodamia to Protesilaus". www.perseus.tufts.edu.
- ^ Chakraborty, Udayshankar (2014). Reconstruction of European epic tradition in Michael Madhusudan Dattas epic with special reference to Milton (PDF) (Thesis). university of Assam.
- ^ "Protesilas i Laodamia : tragedya". www.europeana.eu.
External links
- Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). 1911. .
- "Laodamia," poem by William Wordsworth.
- "Laodamia to Protesilaus," poem by Jared Carter.