Public data network

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

A public data network (PDN) is a

data transmission
services for the public.

The first experimental public packet switching networks,

Transpac in France in 1978. The International Packet Switched Service became the first commercial and international packet-switched network in 1978. The networks were interconnected with gateways using X.75. These combined networks had large global coverage during the 1980s and into the 1990s. The networks later provided the infrastructure for the early Internet
.

Description

Representatives of PTTs and private companies who championed the development of X.25-based networks and services in Europe, North America and Japan.

In communications, a PDN is a

packet-switched network that is available to the public and that can transmit data in digital form. A PDN provider is a company that provides access to a PDN and that provides any of X.25, Frame Relay, or cell relay (ATM) services.[1] Access to a PDN generally includes a guaranteed bandwidth, known as the committed information rate (CIR). Costs for the access depend on the guaranteed rate. PDN providers differ in how they charge for temporary increases in required bandwidth (known as surges). Some use the amount of overrun; others use the surge duration.[2]

History

Further information: Packet switching § X.25 era, and X.25 § How the CCITT standardized virtual circuits

Experimental packet switching networks preceded the first public data networks which came into operation in the 1970s. Early examples include:

Transpac in France in 1972/1978; EIN/Euronet in the EEC in 1976/1979; EPSS/Packet Switch Stream, in the United Kingdom in 1977/1980; AUSTPAC in Australia 1982; and RETD/Iberpac in Spain, which was the first experimental PDN in 1972 and adopted X.25 in the 1980s.[4][5][6] Tymnet and CompuServe
in the United States also adopted X.25.

The International Packet Switched Service was the first commercial and international packet-switched network. It was a collaboration between British and American telecom companies that became operational in 1978.[7][3][8]

The SITA Data Transport Network for airlines adopted X.25 in 1981, becoming the world's most extensive packet-switching network.[9][10][11]

The networks were interconnected with gateways using X.75. These combined networks had large global coverage during the 1980s and into the 1990s.[12][13][14]

Over time, other packet-switching technologies, including Frame Relay (FR) and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) gradually replaced X.25.[15]

Many of these networks later adopted TCP/IP and provided the infrastructure for the early Internet.[16][17]

Public switched data network

A public switched data network (PSDN) is a network for providing data services via a system of multiple wide area networks, similar in concept to the public switched telephone network (PSTN).[18] A PSDN may use a variety of switching technologies, including packet switching, circuit switching, and message switching.[18] A packet-switched PSDN may also be called a packet-switched data network.[19][20]

Originally the term PSDN referred only to

packet-switching
techniques.

Whilst there are several technologies that are superficially similar to the PSDN, such as

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) and the digital subscriber line (DSL) technologies, they are not examples of it.[citation needed] ISDN utilizes the PSTN circuit-switched network, and DSL uses point-to-point circuit switching
communications overlaid on the PSTN local loop (copper wires), usually utilized for access to a packet-switched broadband IP network.

Public data transmission service

A public data transmission service is a

telecommunication administration, or a recognized private operating agency, and uses a public data network. A public data transmission service may include Circuit Switched Data, packet-switched, and leased line
data transmission.

See also

References

  1. ^ (Schatt 1991, p. 207).
  2. ISBN 978-1-4831-6093-1
    .
  3. ^
    S2CID 23243636
    .
  4. ^ Alarcia, G.; Herrera, S. (1974). "C.T.N.E.'s PACKET SWITCHING NETWORK. ITS APPLICATIONS". Proceedings of 2nd ICCC 74. pp. 163–170.
  5. ^ Cuenca, L. (1980). "A PUBLIC PACKET SWITCHING DATA COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK: EIGHT YEARS OF OPERATING EXPERIENCE". Conference Record of ICC 80. IEEE. pp. 39.3.1–39.3.5.
  6. ^ Lavandera, Luis (1980). "ARCHITECTURE, PROTOCOLS AND PERFORMANCE OF RETD". Conference Record of ICC 80. IEEE. pp. 28.4.1–28.4.5.
  7. S2CID 26876676
    .
  8. S2CID 23639680
    .
  9. ^ "SITA History". About SITA > What we do. SITA. Archived from the original on 19 August 2012. Retrieved 16 August 2012.
  10. S2CID 23243636
    .
  11. ^ "Airline Control System".
  12. ^ Davies & Bressan 2010, pp. 2, 9
  13. OCLC 663449435, 1091194379
    . Two main approaches to internetworking have come into existence based upon the virtual circuit and the datagram services. The vast majority of the work on interconnecting networks falls into one of these two approaches: The CCITT X.75 Recommendation; The DoD Internet Protocol (IP).
  14. doi:10.1145/1013879.802679
    .
  15. ^ Titus, Tim. "42 Dead Networking Technologies and What Killed Them". www.pathsolutions.com. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
  16. ISBN 978-0-309-17414-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link
    )
  17. ^ (Schatt 1991, p. 200).
  18. ^
    ISBN 9788184315905
    . Retrieved 25 November 2016.
  19. ISBN 9780849309281
    . Retrieved 25 November 2016.
  20. ISBN 9781136121029
    . Retrieved 25 November 2016.

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from Federal Standard 1037C. General Services Administration. Archived from the original on 2022-01-22.

Sources

  • Schatt, Stan (1991). Linking LANs: A Micro Manager's Guide. McGraw-Hill.
    ISBN 0-8306-3755-9
    .
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