Puerto Cortés

Coordinates: 15°53′N 87°57′W / 15.883°N 87.950°W / 15.883; -87.950
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Puerto Cortés
Puerto Caballos
Municipality
The bridge in Puerto Cortés
The bridge in Puerto Cortés
UTC-6
(América Central)

Puerto Cortés, originally known as Puerto de Caballos,

seaport is the largest in Central America and the 36th largest in the world.[3] The city of Puerto Cortés has a population of 73,150 (2023 calculation).[4]

History

Drawing of Gil González Dávila

Gil González Dávila founded the city in 1524 and called Villa de la Natividad de Nuestra Señora, now known as Cieneguita. In 1526 Hernán Cortés came to punish González Dávila and when he arrived on Honduras' coast from Mexico and started unloading horses and cargo from the ships, several horses were drowned, and for that reason, Cortés called it Puerto Caballos. By 1533, a local native leader, called Çiçumba (or Çoçumba, or Socremba, or Joamba – the Spanish recorded many variants of his name) had destroyed the town, reportedly taking a woman from Seville, Spain captive. After Çiçumba's defeat in 1536 by Pedro de Alvarado, a new town, Puerto de Caballos was founded on the southern shore of the body of water known as the Laguna de Alvarado.

The English attacked Puerto Caballos as they did other places along the Honduran coast.

Anglo–Spanish War.[5] Because it was vulnerable to pirates until the building of the Spanish fort at Omoa in the 18th century, it had few permanent residents in the 16th and 17th centuries. People preferred to come out to the coast from San Pedro when a ship came into port. In 1869 Puerto Caballos changed its name to Puerto Cortés in honour of Hernán Cortés
.

Bananas, railroads and development in the twentieth century

Laguna de Alvarado

The proposal to construct an "inter-oceanic railway" (Ferrocarril Interoceánico) in 1850, a product of the demand for transport from the Atlantic to the Pacific caused by the United States

Gold Rush of 1849, began with the anchoring of the railroad at Puerto Cortés. The rail line construction had many problems.[6] In 1876 President Marco Aurelio Soto nationalised the Trans-Oceanic Railroad, which only reached to San Pedro Sula. When the Panama Canal was completed in 1903, the alternative plan to connect the coasts was abandoned. The region became an early centre for banana production in Honduras
through cultivation and export, and the port was a leader in the export of bananas.

The early banana export industry came to be dominated by foreigners; among the first foreigners to obtain a government concession was William Frederick Streich of Philadelphia in 1902. His concession was in the vicinity of

Samuel Zemurray's Cuyamel Fruit Company purchased these 5,000 acres, but soon branched out, both with more land and with political and tax concessions, especially after Zemurray installed Manuel Bonilla in office as president using mercenaries hired in the area and abroad. In addition to awarding Cuyamel additional land, Bonilla also waived the company's tax obligations. Cuyamel had built port facilities at Omoa, but also began using the facilities at Puerto Cortés and soon came to dominate them to the point that local shippers had to ask Cuyamel's permission to use the port.[7] In 1918, Cuyamel constructed a railroad spur into Puerto Cortés, and in 1920 he obtained effective control over the National Railroad, and from this and a network of clandestine railroads the company effectively controlled all transport to the port.[8] When Zemurray sold Cuyamel Fruit to United Fruit
in 1929, the giant company had great influence in Puerto Cortés and in Honduras as a whole.

The city

El Malecón

During two weeks in August, Puerto Cortés celebrates its local patronal festivities. The last day (a Saturday) is known as Noche Veneciana ('Venice Night'). 15 August is a local holiday in honor of the Virgen de la Asunción (Puerto Cortés's local patroness saint).

In September 2001, the Laguna de Alvarado Bridge was rebuilt and inaugurated after the old bridge, a 50-year-old structure, was badly damaged by Hurricane Mitch in 1998. A concrete wall that surrounds and protects a portion of the coastline in the bay area was built near the northern end of the bridge. This wall is known as El Malecón (Spanish for 'The Breakwater').

The first four-lane highway in Honduras was inaugurated in 1996, connecting Puerto Cortés and the city of San Pedro Sula.

Seaport

In 1966, the Empresa Nacional Portuaria (Honduras National Port Authority)[9] was created. A free trade zone was created in 1976.

Among all worldwide seaports that export containers with goods with destination to USA, Puerto Cortés is the 36th in terms of volume.

Because of its proximity to US seaports in the Gulf of Mexico and on the East Coast and its seaport infrastructure, Puerto Cortés was included in the US Container Security Initiative (CSI), the first such port in Central America. In December 2005, the US government signed an agreement with Honduras's government and opened a US Customs Office in Puerto Cortés.[10] Under this agreement, all containers exported from Puerto Cortés that are destined for any US seaport are checked by US Customs officials in Honduras.

In March 2007, under the Megaport initiative, three RPMs (Radiation Portal Monitors) were already installed in Puerto Cortés by

radioactive threats. On 2 April 2007 the RPMs became operative.[11]

Sports

Puerto Cortés is home of a football team known as

Atlético Portuario
was briefly another football club based in the city.

Notable people and natives

Elected mayors

In 1982, a new constitution was approved; before that year mayors were designated "by finger" by Tegucigalpa top government officials.

  • 1982–1983: Roy Reyes Orellana (Partido Liberal)
  • 1984–1985: Mario Sabillón (Partido Liberal)
  • 1986–1990: Romulo Montoya (Partido Liberal)
  • 1990–1991: Rolando Méndez (Partido Nacional).
  • 1992: Rolando Orellana Cruz (Partido Nacional).
  • 1992–1993: Alvaro Zacarías Mena (Partido Nacional).
  • 1994–1997: Marlon Guillermo Lara Orellana(Partido Liberal)
  • 1998–2001: Marlon Guillermo Lara Orellana (Partido Liberal) (re-elected)
  • 2002–2005: Marlon Guillermo Lara Orellana (Partido Liberal) (re-elected)
  • 2006–2009: Alan Ramos (
    Partido Liberal
    )
  • 2010–2014: Allan Ramos (
    Partido Liberal
    ) (re-elected)
  • 2014–2018: Allan Ramos (
    Partido Liberal
    ) (re-elected)

Schools

Facts

  • There is a beach known as La Coca-Cola, named after the soft drink company due to La Embotelladora La Coca-Cola being situated on this beach. The plant once employed many workers whose meals depended on this job.
  • In the decade of the 1930s a small whale was captured in the bay of Puerto Cortés. This was a very rare situation, since whales are not normally found in the Caribbean Sea.
  • The USS Hornet aircraft carrier made Puerto Cortés a port of call in 1963.
  • There is football stadium known as
    Platense
    (2–1).
  • Since 1986, the Municipality of Puerto Cortés receives four percent (4%) of all
    revenues (income) received by the Honduras Custom office in Puerto Cortés, and four percent (4%) of all revenues received by La Empresa Nacional Portuaria (Honduras Port Authority) in the Seaport. This fee is known as El Cuatro por Ciento (The Four Percent). The same percentage (4%) is also received by two other municipalities where Empresa Nacional Portuaria operates (Castilla
    and San Lorenzo). This percentage is applied to all revenues received by the Honduras Custom Office in these places.

Medical services

  • Puerto Cortés offers a variety of medical health care services.

Public hospitals

  • Centro Medico Litoral Atlántico
  • CEMECO
  • CEDEM
  • Centro Medico Handal
  • Hospital IHSS (Public)
  • Hospital del Area (Public)

Rehabilitation Center

See also

References

  1. ^ Citypopulation.de Population of departments and municipalities in Honduras
  2. ^ "Historia de Puerto Cortés" (PDF). Cedturh.iht.hn. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  3. ^ ENP. "- Empresa Nacional Portuaria". Enp.hn. Archived from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  4. ^ Citypopulation.de Population of cities in Honduras
  5. ^ David Marley, Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of armed conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 1492 to the present (ABC Clio, 2008) 1: 126.
  6. ^ Relación histórica de los contratiempos que ha sufrido la construcción de un ferrocarril á través de la República de Honduras (London: Clayton and Temple, 1875)
  7. ^ Glen Chambers, Race, Nation and West Indian Immigration to Honduras, 1890–1940 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2010) pp. 28–30. Chambers cites Honduran historian Manuel Argueto, Bananas y politica: Samuel Zemurray y la Cuyamel Fruit Company en Honduras (Tegulcigalpa, 1989)
  8. ^ Vilma Laínez and Víctor Meza, "El enclave en la historia de Honduras", Anuario de Estudos Centroamericanos 1 (1974)
  9. ^ ENP. "- Empresa Nacional Portuaria". Enp.hn. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  10. ^ "Ports in CSI - CBP.gov". Archived from the original on 14 May 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2008.
  11. ^ "DHS: Radiation Detection Testing Underway at Two Foreign Sea Ports". Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
  12. ^ Her letters from Puerto Cortes are reproduced in Carla Kaplan, ed Zora Neale Hurston: A Life in Letters (New York: Random House, 2003) pp. 550–68.

15°53′N 87°57′W / 15.883°N 87.950°W / 15.883; -87.950