Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawk
Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawk | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Accipitriformes |
Family: | Accipitridae |
Genus: | Accipiter |
Species: | |
Subspecies: | A. s. venator
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Trinomial name | |
Accipiter striatus venator Wetmore (1914)[3]
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Approximate range in orange |
The Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus venator), falcón de sierra or gavilán pecho rufo in Spanish,
Description
The Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawk is a small forest hawk measuring approximately 28–33 cm (11–13 in). It has a dark blue/slate gray upper area with reddish-orange stripes on its breast. Immature birds have a brownish hue above and are striped below. It has broad wings and a proportionally long, squared-off tail, enabling it to turn and maneuver rapidly when chasing small birds through the
Behavior
The Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawk feeds primarily on small birds ranging in size from tanagers to hummingbirds. It requires a home range of approximately 150 hectares (370 acres). Females lay two to three white eggs in March or April and incubate them while the male searches for food. Average incubation period is approximately 32 days. Fledglings leave the nest 30 days after hatching.
Distribution
Restricted to five isolated mountain forest areas within the subtropical lower mountain wet forests and subtropical wet forest life zones of the main island of Puerto Rico, the subspecies has suffered a 40% decline in population since 1992. As of 1997, its estimated population is approximately 150 birds. Human causes in population decline are from deforestation due to road construction, power lines, and communications facilities installations which have significantly reduced its habitat area. Natural disasters such as
Nesting
Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawks select plantation and natural forest nest sites with similar vegetative structure and mountainous topography. Closed
Courtship and foraging
Most activity during early occupancy of nesting sites consisted of courtship displays and territorial flights. Both the males and females partake in courtship displays which typically last from sunrise until mid-morning. In February, females stop foraging and remain near the nesting site. Only the female provides incubation and the role of the male is to provide all food to the female.[7]
Diet
The Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawk's diet consists predominantly of small birds the size of
See also
- Birds of Puerto Rico
- Fauna of Puerto Rico
- List of endemic fauna of Puerto Rico
References
- ^ a b "Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus venator)". Environmental Conservation Online System. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved 26 December 2023.
- ^ a b Rivera, Marelisa; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (9 September 1994). "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Determination of Endangered Status for the Puerto Rican Broad-Winged Hawk and the Puerto Rican Sharp-Shinned Hawk". Federal Register. 59 (174): 46710–46715. 59 FR 46710
- ^ "Accipiter striatus". www.fs.fed.us.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-25. Retrieved 2011-01-03.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Bosques de Puerto Rico: Bosque Estatal de Toro Negro. Archived 2015-08-07 at the Wayback Machine Hojas de Nuestro Ambiente. July 2008. [Publication/Issue: P-030] Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
- ^ USFWS wildlife-facts-november-2006
- ^ a b c U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service. 1997. Puerto Rican Broad-winged Hawk and Puerto Rican Sharp-shinned Hawk Recovery Plan. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlanta, Georgia. 30pp.
- ^ Mowbray, Alan. "Puerto Rico Sharp-Shinned Hawk". El Yunque National Forest - Nature & Science. Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 26 December 2023.