Q20 and Q44 buses

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q20a, q20b
q44
Main Street Lines
Casey Stengel Depot
VehicleQ20A/B:

Q44:

LiveryQ44:
StartJamaica, Queens – Merrick Boulevard
ViaMain Street, Union Street, Parsons Boulevard
Q44 (Bronx): East 177th Street
EndQ20A/B: College Point, Queens – College Point Boulevard & 15th Avenue
Q44: Bronx Zoo/West Farms Square – East 180th Street
LengthQ20A/B: 9.8 miles (15.8 km)
Q44: 13.9 miles (22.4 km)[1][2]
Service
Operates24 hours (Q20A, Q44)[3][4]
Weekdays only between 5 a.m. and 12 a.m. (Q20B)[3]
Annual patronageQ20A/B: 3,025,328 (2022)[5]
Q44: 4,792,041 (2022)[5]
TransfersYes
TimetableQ20A/B
Q44 SBS
← 
B46 SBS (by borough)
B44 SBS
(by route number)
 {{{system_nav}}} 
B46 SBS
 →

The Q20A and Q20B (collectively referred to as Q20A/B or Q20) and Q44

Q50
).

The Q44 and Q20 were originally operated by the North Shore Bus Company from the 1930s to 1947; they are now operated by MTA Regional Bus Operations under the New York City Transit brand. In June 1999, the Q44 began limited stop service in Queens, with the Q20 split into two branches to provide local service. On November 29, 2015, the Q44 was converted into a Select Bus Service (SBS) route.

Route description and service

Q44

The current Q44 route begins at the intersection of

Hillside Avenue and north onto Queens Boulevard, interchanging with two stations of the IND Queens Boulevard Line.[1][4][6][7]

At

Q50. Throughout Queens, the Q44 provides limited-stop service, making intermittent stops primarily at major intersections and points of interest.[1][4][6][7]

After entering

West Farms Square subway station, and terminates at East 180th Street at the southern boundary of the Bronx Zoo. Buses lay over on a bridge over the Bronx River, before reentering service on Boston Road. Although the Q44's northern terminal is signed as "Bronx Zoo" (formerly "Bronx Zoo − West Farms Square"), the zoo is not accessible from this location; the closest entrance is several blocks north at Bronx Park South and Boston Road.[1][4][6][8]

Prior to 1999, the Q44 ran entirely local between Jamaica, Queens and West Farms, Bronx. It was the only bus service along Main Street in Queens.[9] Before the implementation of Select Bus Service in November 2015, the route ran entirely local along East 177th Street. Now it employs an equivalent to limited-stop service on East 177th Street, but with no additional local route operating along the street.[10]

Select Bus Service stops

Station
Street traveled
Direction Connections
The Bronx
East 180th Street / Devoe Avenue
Bronx Zoo
Northern terminus
Bx42
Boston Road / East 180th Street Southbound station
East Tremont Avenue / East 177th Street Southbound

NYC Bus:

West Farms Square–East Tremont Avenue

Devoe Av / Wyatt Street Northbound
Rosedale / Commonwealth Avenues
(East 177th Street/Cross Bronx Expressway)
Bidirectional

NYC Bus:

Bx11

Beach Avenue
(East 177th Street/Cross Bronx Expressway)
Southbound

NYC Bus:

Bx11

Taylor Avenue
(East 177th Street/Cross Bronx Expressway)
Northbound

NYC Bus:

Bx11

Westchester / Virginia Avenues
Hugh J. Grant Circle
Southbound

NYC Bus:

Parkchester

Metropolitan Avenue
Hugh J. Grant Circle
Northbound
Newbold Avenue
(East 177th Street/Cross Bronx Expressway)
Northbound
Pugsley Avenue
(East 177th Street/Cross Bronx Expressway)
Southbound
Haviland Avenue
(East 177th Street/Cross Bronx Expressway)
Northbound

NYC Bus:

Bx22
at Castle Hill Avenue

Castle Hill Avenue
(East 177th Street/Cross Bronx Expressway)
Southbound

NYC Bus:

Bx22

Zerega Avenue
(East 177th Street/Cross Bronx Expressway)
Northbound

Note: This northbound Bronx bus stop is for drop-offs only.

Brush Avenue
(Bruckner Boulevard)
Bidirectional

NYC Bus:

Q50

Lafayette Avenue
(Hutchinson River Parkway)

MTA Bus:

Q50

Bronx–Whitestone Bridge
Queens
14th Avenue
(Parsons Boulevard)
Bidirectional

NYC Bus:

QM2

20th Avenue
(Parsons Boulevard)

NYC Bus:

QM2

26th Avenue
(Union Street)

NYC Bus:

QM20

31st Road / Bayside Avenue
(Union Street)

NYC Bus:

Q16

35th Avenue
(Union Street)

NYC Bus:

Q34

38th / 39th Avenues
(Main Street)

NYC Bus:

Q66

Flushing–Main Street

Note: The northbound stop at 38th Avenue is for pick-ups only, while the northbound stop at 39th Avenue is for drop-offs only.

41st Avenue / Kissena Boulevard
(Main Street)

NYC Bus:

Flushing–Main Street

Elder Avenue
Queens Botanical Garden
(Main Street)

NYC Bus:

Q20B

Booth Memorial Avenue
NewYork–Presbyterian/Queens

(Main Street)

NYC Bus:

Q20B

Horace Harding Expressway
/ 60th Avenue
(Main Street)

NYC Bus:

Q88

146th Street / 63rd Avenue
Queens College
(Main Street)

NYC Bus:

Q20B

Melbourne Avenue
Queens College
(Main Street)

NYC Bus:

Q20B

Jewel Avenue
(Main Street)

NYC Bus:

QM44

73rd Avenue
(Main Street)

NYC Bus:

Q20B

Union Turnpike
(Main Street)

NYC Bus:

QM36

139th Street
Archbishop Molloy High School
(Main Street)
Southbound

NYC Bus:

Q20B

Queens Boulevard / Manton Street
(Main Street)
Bidirectional

NYC Bus:

Briarwood

Note: Bronx-bound buses stop at Main Street and Manton Street; Jamaica-bound buses stop at Queens Boulevard and 84th Drive near Main Street.

Hillside Avenue

(Sutphin Boulevard)

NYC Bus:

Sutphin Boulevard

Jamaica Avenue
(Sutphin Boulevard)

NYC Bus:

Q41, Q60, Q65

Sutphin Boulevard
(Archer Avenue)

NYC Bus:

Jamaica

153rd / 158th Streets
Jamaica Center Bus Terminal

(Archer Avenue)

NYC Bus:

Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer

Merrick Boulevard
(Archer Avenue)
Southern terminus,
northbound station

NYC Bus:

n4

At

n26

Q20A/B

The Q20A and B services share the same routing as the Q44 between Jamaica and Whitestone, before diverging west towards their shared terminal in

Q76. The Q20B turns west farther north at 14th Avenue, running through a much more residential area. Both the 20th and 14th Avenue routes were part of the original Q20, which only ran between College Point and Downtown Flushing. Both routes provide local service, but the Q20A runs at all times, while the Q20B operates only on weekdays.[7][11]

History

Original route

Two Q44 Nova Bus articulated buses in Flushing, Queens in July 2015, five months before implementation of Select Bus Service.

On February 15, 1932,

Q15 routes[7] to Whitestone.[15]

On May 2, 1933, North Shore Bus began a shuttle service along Main Street between Main Street/

Queensboro Hill. This was the predecessor to Q44 service.[17] At the time, Main Street had yet to be extended south past Reeves Avenue (the north end of modern Queens College).[18]

On September 22, 1935, the North Shore Bus Company acquired, but did not merge with, the Flushing Heights Bus Corporation which operated the

Q25 services between Jamaica and Flushing.[19][20] North Shore only acquired the Q25 on a temporary basis;[21] as compensation, the city assured the company that they would get a new route between Flushing and Jamaica via Main Street.[21] This was planned to go into service after the extension of Main Street, including a bridge over the Grand Central Parkway, was completed.[21] In 1937, several major bus route changes occurred. Queens–Nassau Transit took over the Q25 service and combined it with their Q34 route along Linden Place and 127th Street in College Point (predecessor to the northern portion of the current Q25). The Q35 was discontinued by North Shore, and was replaced by a new Q20 service.[21][22][23][24] The route of the Q20 was the same as the current route of the Q20B (via 14th Avenue), except that it continued north along 122nd Street (now College Point Boulevard) and followed the same looping route as the current Q25 (then Q34) near MacNeil Park at the north end of the borough.[23][25][26]

Start of Q44 service

In December 1936, North Shore applied for a franchise on route "Q-44" between Flushing and Jamaica via Main Street.

Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike station (along the route that would become the Q74) through Whitestone and along East 177th Street in the Bronx to Tremont Avenue and Boston Road at West Farms Square. An alternate branch ran to Westchester Square, Bronx.[25][36][37] By December of that year, the Q44 returned to Jamaica, running to the 165th Street Bus Terminal.[38]

A College Point-bound Q20A in Downtown Jamaica.

On July 1, 1939, the Q20 became interlined with the Q17, meaning that south of Flushing the bus would continue via the Q17 route to the Jamaica−165th Street terminal.[25][39] The service was designated "Q17-20" or "Q20-17" and rollsigns would display Q17/20.[25][38][40][41] Beginning on June 8, 1942 due to restrictions on gasoline and tire usage during World War II, the service was truncated to 14th Avenue and 122nd Street in College Point.[25][42] Service north of 14th Avenue was restored on February 4, 1946.[40] The Q20 was separated from the Q17 during off-peak "base period" hours on January 27, 1947.[43] In March of that year, North Shore Bus would be taken over by the New York City Board of Transportation (later the New York City Transit Authority [NYCTA]), making the bus routes city operated.[44][45][46] The joint Q17-20 service later became popular among students of St. John's University, and residents from Jamaica Estates and Flushing Heights (now Kew Gardens Hills) shopping in Downtown Flushing.[2][47][48]

On February 3, 1957, the NYCTA separated the Q17 and Q20 services at all times, eliminated service north of 14th Avenue and 122nd Street (College Point Boulevard), and renamed the Q20 the Q44FS (Flushing Shuttle).

Malba, Queens which has since been discontinued), and the Q44VP (later the Q74).[2][25][50][51]

During the 1964 New York World's Fair, special Q44 service was inaugurated, running to the Rodman Street entrance of Flushing Meadows Park. The routes, designated "Q44 WF" and marked "World's Fair", originated from either West Farms Square or 165th Street and made stops on the Bronx or Queens portions of the route respectively before terminating at the fair.[52][53]

On July 11, 1966, the NYCTA moved the terminals of the Q13, Q14, Q16, Q28, and Q44FS from downtown Flushing to the Flushing Parking Field surrounded by 37th Avenue, Union Street, 138th Street, and 39th Avenue on a six-month pilot basis. The change, which was made at the request of multiple Queens elected officials, was intended to provide shelter for riders and reduce downtown congestion. However, due to immediate opposition from shoppers, who complained that the change forced them to walk four blocks to get from the subway to the buses, businessmen, and elected officials, on July 20, 1966, the NYCTA announced that it would undo the change on July 24. Q13, Q16, and Q28 service would go back to terminating on the north side of Roosevelt Avenue to the east of Main Street, while Q14 and Q44FS service would resume terminating on the east side of Main Street at 39th Avenue.[54][55] Queens Borough President Mario Cariello had sent a letter to the NYCTA asking for the change in service to be reversed on July 18. The NYCTA had made the change in service at his request in April. Cariello noted that many of his constituents had requested the change.[56]

In December 1967, the NYCTA transmitted a proposed extension of the Q44 by 4.33 miles (6.97 km) to serve Co-Op City and to make a minor change at the western terminal of the route due to the conversion of some streets to one-way to the Board of Estimate.[57] In October 1969, the General Superintendent of the NYCTA recommended modifying the route of the Q44 in the Bronx to eliminate its use of streets deemed to be "inadequate for bus passage." The route would be modified to run along East Tremont Avenue between Boston Road and Bryant Avenue, Bryant Avenue between Boston Road and East Tremont Avenue, and Boston Road between Bryant Avenue and East Tremont Avenue.[58]

Reroutes and institution of limited-stop service

On April 15, 1990,[59] the Q44FS was renumbered to Q20; at this time 20th Avenue service began, when the street was widened and the shopping center was constructed.[60] In September 1995, weekend service was eliminated on the Q20, making it a weekday-only service.[61] On January 11, 1998, the Q44 began running on Archer Avenue between Merrick Boulevard and Sutphin Boulevard in both directions to provide direct access to the Long Island Rail Road's Jamaica station and to eliminate difficult turns on congested streets.[62] A new turnaround loop was set up using Archer Avenue, 168th Street, Jamaica Avenue, and Merrick Boulevard. Previously, southbound buses ran along Jamaica Avenue until Merrick Boulevard, and northbound buses ran along Archer Avenue and 153rd Street until they turned onto Jamaica Avenue. This change was presented to the MTA Board for approval in November 1997, and was initially going to take effect in December 1997.[63]

On June 27, 1999,

Hillside Avenue. It had previously turned east onto the Grand Central Parkway service road and then turned south onto 150th Street towards Jamaica,[9][28][31][32][51] the same route employed since 1938 when Main Street dead-ended at the Grand Central service road.[30][67] It was rerouted to continue south via Main Street, and then via Queens Boulevard to Hillside Avenue.[9] Initially, Q44 buses made limited stops from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. on weekdays, from 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. on Saturdays, and from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. on Sundays. The changes in service on the Q44 and Q20 were made to increase ridership growth and to serve new markets.[65] On July 29, 1999, a meeting was held at Borough Hall, with officials of the MTA in attendance, to discuss the changes. Many riders spoke against the changes, noting that the change made it harder for senior citizens and people with disabilities who had used the stops along 150th Street, and that the change added an additional transfer to complete their trips, requiring an additional fare. A spokesperson for the MTA said that it had no plans to revert the change in service, and noted that the areas on Queens Boulevard and Main Street that the Q44 was rerouted to had increased in density.[68] Briarwood residents had organized and circulated a petition in opposition to the loss of bus service on 150th Street soon after the changes took effect. This change was announced to elected officials in late March 1999, and was approved by the MTA Board on April 15, 1999.[69]

On April 1, 2005, Q44 limited-stop service at Main Street and Sanford Avenue was discontinued, with service continuing to be provided by the Q20A and Q20B.[70]

Select Bus Service and service expansion

A Q44 SBS bus in front of St George's Church in 2016

In 2004 and 2006, the Main Street corridor was identified as a potential route for Flushing-Jamaica

X32 school service (since discontinued) between Queens and Bedford Park.[73][74][75][76]

Though the Q94 was never implemented, the Q44 route was included in the SBS Phase II study in 2009.

Q34) joined the Main Street corridor as potential SBS routes between Flushing and Jamaica.[81][82] The Q25 Limited and Q44 Limited were selected for further studies, with the Q44 prioritized due to its high ridership, interborough connection between Queens and the Bronx, and the width of Main Street to facilitate bus lanes.[1][83] As part of the conversion, eight stops in the Bronx were eliminated; those retained constituted 85% of passenger usage in the borough. Several limited stops in the Jamaica business district were also eliminated.[10] In addition, Q44 Limited stops at Guy R Brewer Boulevard/165th Street and Archer Avenue, Main Street and Northern Boulevard, Parsons Boulevard and 17th Avenue, Parsons Boulevard and 21st Avenue, and the southbound only stop at Whitestone Expressway and Center Drive were eliminated.[84]

On November 29, 2015, the Q44 SBS began service, operating 24 hours a day. The Q20A became a full-time route to replace the discontinued late-night-only Q44 local route.[1][85]

Bus redesign

In December 2019, the MTA released a draft redesign of the Queens bus network.

Fordham Plaza Bus Terminal. The Q20 would have been replaced by a "neighborhood" route, the QT86, which would run from Linden Place in College Point to Cooper Avenue in Glendale, leaving the Main Street corridor at Vleigh Place. The 20th and 14th Avenue corridors would have been served by the QT64 and QT84, respectively.[88]

The redesign was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City in 2020,[89] and the original draft plan was dropped due to negative feedback.[90] A revised plan was released in March 2022.[91] Under the new plan, the Q44 would have still been extended to Fordham Plaza and the northbound stop for Kissena Boulevard would be removed. The Q20 would have still run on Main Street but would no longer have branches; the 20th and 14th Avenue corridors would be taken over by the Q76 and Q31, respectively. The northern part of the Q20 would have taken over the Q15's routing in Beechhurst, while its southern terminus would have been cut back to the Briarwood station.[92] A final bus-redesign plan was released in December 2023.[93][94] The Q20's branches would be combined into a single route, which would run at all times using the Q20B's existing routing via 14th Avenue; the 20th Avenue routing would be served by the Q76 and a new Q62 route. The Q20 would be diverted to serve the Mitchell-Linden Houses in Flushing, previously served by the Q34 (which would be eliminated). The Q20 would also be diverted upon entering Jamaica, following the Q60 towards Jamaica Avenue, and then heading right on Sutphin Boulevard. The Q44 would remain unchanged.[95]

Incidents

The intersection of Main Street and Northern Boulevard as seen on September 26, 2017, eight days after a crash between a Q20A and a tour bus. The crash damaged the building on the left, which has scaffolding on it as a result of the collision.

On September 18, 2017, during the morning rush hour, a private tour bus moving at a high speed collided with the back of a New Flyer Xcelsior XD40 Q20A bus turning from Main Street onto Northern Boulevard in Flushing. The bus then plowed into a Kennedy Fried Chicken restaurant at the corner of the intersection. The accident killed 3 people including the tour bus driver, and injured at least 17.[96][97] The private charter bus company had been repeatedly cited for reckless driving.[96][98] The charter driver was a former MTA bus driver, until he was fired in April 2015 after a crash in his personal automobile in which he pleaded guilty to driving under the influence and leaving the scene of the crash.[98][99]

See also

References

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