Qalandia
Qalandia/Kalandia | |
---|---|
Village council | |
Area | |
• Total | 3,289 dunams (3.3 km2 or 1.3 sq mi) |
Population (2017)[1] | |
• Total | 572 |
• Density | 170/km2 (450/sq mi) |
Name meaning | Kulundia, personal name[2] |
Qalandia (
History
In Qalandiya, archaeologists unearthed the remnants of a wine-producing Jewish farm dating back to the Second Temple period. Inhabited during the Hellenistic period until its destruction during the First Jewish–Roman War, the site featured two large structures, a mikveh, and rock-cut industrial facilities. Findings include a plethora of artifacts—hundreds of coins, potsherds, chalk vessels, metal objects, jewelry, and an array of tools. Nearby exploration revealed burial caves, winepresses, cisterns, and quarries.[4][5]
Ancient tombs have been found at Qalandia.
During the
Ottoman era
Qalandia, like the rest of Palestine, was incorporated into the
In 1838, it was noted as a Muslim village in the Jerusalem District.[16][17]
In 1863, the French explorer Victor Guérin visited the village, which he described as small hamlet consisting of a few houses with fig plantations around them,[18] while an Ottoman village list of about 1870 showed 16 houses and a population of 50, though the population count included only the men.[19][20]
In 1883, the
In 1896 the population of Kalandije was estimated to be about 150 persons.[22]
British Mandate era
In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Qalandieh (Qalandia) had a population of 144, of which 122 Muslims and 22 Jews.[23] This had decreased in the 1931 census when Qalandiya had an all-Muslim population of 120, in 25 houses.[24]
In the 1945 survey, Qalandia had a population of 190 Muslims,[25] and a land area of 3,940 dunams.[26] 427 dunams were designated for plantations and irrigable land, 2,202 for cereals,[27] while six dunams were built-up.[28]
Qalandia airport
An airstrip to the east of Qalandia was built by the British army in 1925. It was located a few kilometers north of Jerusalem at a site that offered flat terrain in a largely hilly region. In 1936 it was renovated by the Jewish entrepreneur
Until 1927, it was the only airport in Mandatory Palestine, although there were several military airfields. Qalandia was used for prominent guests bound for Jerusalem.[30] It opened for regular flights in 1936.[31]
After the
1947–1949
During the
Qalandia refugee camp
The Qalandia
1967-present
Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Qalandia has been under Israeli occupation.
After the
The Qalandia checkpoint is the main checkpoint between the northern West Bank and Jerusalem, and is known for frequent demonstrations against the occupation.[42]
The Israeli
References
- ^ a b Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017 (PDF). Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) (Report). State of Palestine. February 2018. pp. 64–82. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 321
- ^ Kalandia Refugee Camp
- ^ Magen, Y. (2004). Qalandiya–A Second Temple-period Viticulture and Wine-manufacturing Agricultural Settlement. The Land of Benjamin, 3.
- ^ Ariel, D. T. (2004). The Coins from Qalandiya. The Land of Benjamin, 3, 145-177.
- ^ a b Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, p. 11
- ^ Dauphin, 1998, p. 844
- ^ Baramki, 1933, pp. 105-109
- ^ de Roziére, 1849, p. 30: Calandria, p.263: Kalendrie, cited in Röhricht, 1893, RRH, pp. 16-17, No 74
- ^ Röhricht, 1904, RHH Ad, p. 5, No. 74
- ^ Rey, 1883, p. 387
- ^ de Roziére, 1849, pp. 159-160, cited in Röhricht, 1893, RRH, p. 67-68, No. 267
- ^ Röhricht, 1893, RHH, pp. 70-71, No 278
- ^ Ellenblum, 2003, pp. 235 -236
- ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 116
- ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol.3, Appendix 2, p. 122
- ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 2, pp. 137, 141, 315
- ^ Guérin, 1868, p. 393, Guérin, 1869, p. 6
- ^ Socin, 1879, p. 155
- ^ Hartmann, 1883, p. 127, also noted 16 houses
- ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, pp. 10-11
- ^ Schick, 1896, p. 121
- ^ Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jerusalem, p. 15
- ^ Mills, 1932, p. 42
- ^ Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 25
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 58
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 103
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 153
- ^ Palestine Studies, Gateway to the World-The Golden Age of Jerusalem Airport, 1948–67
- ^ An Empire in the Holy Land: Historical Geography of the British Administration of Palestine, 1917-1929 Gideon Biger, St. Martin's Press and Magnes Press, New York & Jerusalem, 1994, p. 152
- ^ Atarot and the Fate of the Jerusalem Airport
- ^ Larry Derfner (January 23, 2001). "An Intifada Casualty Named Atarot". The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles. Retrieved 2007-11-07.
- ^ a b c Qalandiya Village Profile, p. 16, ARIJ
- ^ Gelber, 2004, p.139
- ^ Gelber, 2004, p.162
- ^ Gelber, 2004, p.363
- ^ a b Qalandia Refugee Camp Profile Archived 2013-12-19 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Kalandia Refugee Camp
- ^ United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (date unknown). Where We Work - West Bank - Camp Profiles - Kalandia. "The Israeli authorities consider this area as part of Greater Jerusalem, and the camp was thus excluded from the redeployment phase in 1995. Qalandia camp remains under Israeli control today." Retrieved from http://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/camp-profiles?field=12&qt-view__camps__camp_profiles_block=3.
- ^ Qalandiya Village Profile, p. 17, ARIJ
- ^ Projected Mid -Year Population for Jerusalem Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006 Archived 2012-02-07 at the Wayback Machine Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics.
- ^ Garcia-Navarro, Lourdes (2012-07-26). Latest Target For Palestinians' Protest? Their Leader. NPR, 26 July 2012. Archived 2014-06-10 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Funerals held for three Palestinians shot dead by Israeli troops, The Guardian, Monday 26 August 2013
Bibliography
- Baramki, D.C. (1933). "A Byzantine Bath at Qalandia". Quarterly of the Department of Antiquities in Palestine. 2: 105–109.
- Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
- Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1883). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 3. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- ISBN 0-860549-05-4.
- Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
- ISBN 9780521521871.
- ISBN 965-517-190-6.
- Guérin, V. (1868). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 1: Judee, pt. 1. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
- Guérin, V. (1869). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 1: Judee, pt. 3. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
- Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
- Hartmann, M. (1883). "Die Ortschaftenliste des Liwa Jerusalem in dem türkischen Staatskalender für Syrien auf das Jahr 1288 der Flucht (1871)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 6: 102–149.
- Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
- Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
- Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Rey, E.G. [in French] (1883). Les colonies franques de Syrie aux XIIme et XIIIme siècles (in French). Paris: A. Picard.
- Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 2. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
- Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
- Röhricht, R. (1893). (RRH) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI) (in Latin). Berlin: Libraria Academica Wageriana.
- Röhricht, R. (1904). (RRH Ad) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani Additamentum (in Latin). Berlin: Libraria Academica Wageriana.
- de Roziére, ed. (1849). Cartulaire de l'église du Saint Sépulchre de Jérusalem: publié d'après les manuscrits du Vatican (in Latin and French). Paris: Imprimerie nationale.
- Schick, C. (1896). "Zur Einwohnerzahl des Bezirks Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 19: 120–127.
- Socin, A. (1879). "Alphabetisches Verzeichniss von Ortschaften des Paschalik Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 2: 135–163.
External links
- Welcome To Qalandiya
- Qalandia, Welcome to Palestine
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 17: IAA, Wikimedia commons
- Qalandiya Village (Fact Sheet), Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem, (ARIJ)
- Qalandiya Village Profile, ARIJ
- Qalandiya areal photo, ARIJ
- Locality Development Priorities and Needs in Qalandiya, ARIJ
- Kalandia Refugee Camp, articles from UNRWA.
- Photostory: The Kalandia Terminal
- Two Israeli families attacked in Qalandiya after losing their way
- Kalandia Checkpoint acts as door to Jerusalem