Quảng Ngãi province

Coordinates: 15°0′N 108°40′E / 15.000°N 108.667°E / 15.000; 108.667
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Quảng Ngãi Province
Tỉnh Quảng Ngãi
Lý Sơn Islands  • An Khê Mire  • Mỹ Lai Statue  • Khe Hải Beach  • Quảng Ngãi River  • Thiên Ấn Temple  •
ICT)
Area codes55 (until 16 July 2017)
255 (from 17 June 2017)
ISO 3166 codeVN-29
Websitewww.quangngai.gov.vn

Quảng Ngãi (Vietnamese:

Gia Lai to the southwest and the East Sea
 to the east.

Quảng Ngãi is located 883 kilometres (549 mi) south of Hanoi and 838 kilometres (521 mi) north of Hồ Chí Minh City. The province has been historically populated with H're people and ethnic Kinh, and located on the coast.

History

Map of Quang Ngai province in 1909

The ancient

Đức Phổ District. Within Champa, the region that is now Quảng Ngãi was less significant than Quảng Nam province and Vijaya. There are only a few Cham remains in the province.[2] The area became part of Vietnam along with Vijaya (Bình Định province) in 1471. In the early 19th century the Long Wall of Quảng Ngãi was constructed in the province. It improved security among the Vietnamese and H're people and facilitated trade.[3] The province had become a center for religious activity, in particular with the construction of a mountain-top monastery, the Thien An Mountain Pagoda in 1695. [1] The mountain was designated by the ruler Nguyễn Phúc Chu
and became a religious pilgrimage site.

Quảng Ngãi province was one of the first provinces in central Vietnam (together with

My Lai Massacre. The province produced famous war literature on both sides of the conflict including the wartime diary of Viet Cong medic Đặng Thùy Trâm was written here, and from the US perspective, the setting of Tim O'Brien's The Things They Carried
.

After reunification, the province was designated as the center of a planned oil industry notably the Dung Quất Refinery alongside special economic zones for the development of heavy and light industries.[5]

Economy

The economy of the province has historically relied on agriculture and fishing, but in recent years has seen significant industrialization with special trade rules applying. The economy of Quang Ngai and surrounding regions is designated for the development of heavy industries, in particular, trade-oriented export and special economic rules apply to parts of the province. The Dung Quat Economic Zone located within the province has a separate visa regime for foreigners seeking to work within the country.[6] Industrial output within the province has seen growth rates of 15-20% annually, far outstripping most other regions in central Vietnam.[7]

The Dung Quat economic zone is recognized as one of five key coastal sites for economic growth in Vietnam, and has seen significant Japanese foreign direct investments.[8]

Geography

Quảng Ngãi's topography is dominated by a large plain along the coast and in the center of the province and by mountains and hills in the west and along its borders with

Lý Sơn islands belong to Quảng Ngãi.[citation needed
]

Demography

The province had a population of 1,219,200 in 2009.

South Central Coast, with only 14.4% of the population living in cities and towns.[12] The population grew by an annual average of 1% between 2000 and 2007, while the growth of the urban population was 3.9% on average, one of the highest rates in the region.[12]

The coastal lowlands are mostly ethnically homogeneous, with almost the entire population (>99%) made up of

Administrative divisions

Quảng Ngãi is subdivided into 12 district-level sub-divisions:

  • 11 districts:
    • Ba Tơ
    • Bình Sơn
    • Minh Long
    • Mộ Đức
    • Nghĩa Hành
    • Sơn Hà
    • Sơn Tây
    • Sơn Tịnh
    • Trà Bồng
    • Tư Nghĩa
    • Lý Sơn
      (island district)

They are further subdivided into nine commune-level towns (or townlets), 166 communes, and nine wards.

Economy

Quảng Ngãi's GDP per capita was 7.82 million

Bình Định provinces.[11] Exports increased from 31 million US$ in 2005 to 182 million in 2009.[11]

The number of employed people increased from 571,400 in 2000 to 704,700, despite a significant decline agricultural and fishing employment. The booming industrial sector created 63,200 jobs in the period and employs 99,200 as of 2007. Despite lacking behind the industrial sector in terms of value-added, the service sector employed 180,500 people in 2007 compared to 57,900 in 2000.[11]

Agriculture, forestry, fishing

Farmer in Quảng Ngãi province

Despite its large agricultural area, Quảng Ngãi's agricultural GDP is low compared to other provinces in the region. Rice cultivation takes up the largest area, concentrated around Quảng Ngãi City.[9] 381,200t of rice were harvested in 2007.[14] Other important crops include sugar-cane, peanuts, and coconuts. There is a large number of cattle in the province (287,800 in 2007),[14] mostly in the northwest and southwest.[9]

Crop Area Output (2007)[14] % of national[12] Main Location(s)[9]
Sugar-cane 7300ha 390,900t 2.25
Bình Sơn District
Peanuts 5700ha 11,100t 2.2
Đức Phổ District
Coconuts 2700ha 13,726t 1.31
Mộ Đức District

Quảng Ngãi's fishing output as share of total national output is larger than its population share .

Lý Sơn island plays an important role as an offshore fishing center. It contributed almost one fourth to the total of 126,000 tonnes of fish caught in 2012.[15] However, in contrast to the rest of the region, there is a lack of rich fishing grounds off the coast of Quảng Ngãi province.[9]

Industry

Quảng Ngãi City is a secondary industrial center of the South Central Coast with processing of agricultural products and production of some paper and machinery.[9] Other products include beer (38.3 million litres in 2007), textiles (5,577 pieces), bricks (303 million), chemical fertilizer (24kt), and hand farming tools (352,000 pieces). Furniture is produced in Quảng Ngãi as a major export product, accounting for 11.475 million US$ in 2007.[14]

Industrial GDP has more than tripled between 2000 and 2007, growing by an average yearly rate of 18.64%.[12] This was the second highest growth rate in the South Central Coast after Bình Thuận province. Industry has grown even faster since then, due in large part to the Dung Quat Economic Zone. The Dung Quất Refinery, Vietnam's first oil refinery, started production in February 2009. In the same year, industrial gross output increased by 144.7% and the share of industry in the province's GDP surged from 36.2% in 2008 to 46.3% in 2009.[11] This share is higher than that of other provinces in the region and even slightly higher than that of Đà Nẵng. The province's prospects for industry may also be changing outside Dung Quat Economic Zone. Vinatex bought Đại Cát Tường, a formerly bankrupt textile manufacturer, in 2011 and plans to expand its production in Quảng Ngãi significantly.[16]

Quảng Ngãi's industry was dominated by the state sector (mostly centrally managed companies) until 2005, after which most of the state industry was (officially) privatized. The state sector's share decreased from 2/3 in 2000 to around 1/8 in 2007, while there was also a restructuring within the state sector from central state to locally managed state enterprises.[14]

Infrastructure

Transport

Lý Sơn
island.

Energy

There is a hydroelectric station on

Sơn Tịnh District.[10] As of 2007, 401 million kwh were generated in the province.[14]

Tourism

Long Wall of Quảng Ngãi was discovered in 2005.

Disease outbreak

In April 2012, there have been multiple reports of an outbreak of an unknown fatal disease in the area around

for more details.

Sister province

References

  1. ^ "Tình hình kinh tế, xã hội Quảng Ngãi năm 2018". Cục Thống kê tỉnh Quảng Ngãi. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  2. ^ Hardy, Andrew, Nguyen Van Ku & Ngo Van Doanh (2005): Peregrinations into Cham Culture, Hanoi: Thế Giới Publishers
  3. ^ Bray, Adam (22 April 2011). "Scale the Great Wall of Vietnam". BBC Online. Archived from the original on 25 April 2011. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
  4. ^ Lockhart, Greg (1989). Nation in Arms - The Origins of the People's Army of Vietnam, Sydney: Asian Studies Association of Australia in association with Allen & Unwin, pp. 119, 139-140
  5. ^ "Dung Quat in Quang Ngam, Vietnam - for factory relocation". www.business-in-asia.com. Retrieved 2020-11-28.
  6. ^ VnExpress. "Economic zone seeks work visas for foreign experts - VnExpress International". VnExpress International – Latest news, business, travel and analysis from Vietnam. Retrieved 2020-11-28.
  7. ^ "Quang Ngai pushes industrial progress". vietnamnews.vn. Retrieved 2020-11-28.
  8. ^ "Quang Ngai to receive $117 million investment". vietnamnews.vn. Retrieved 2020-11-28.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Atlat Dia li Viet Nam (Geographical Atlas of Vietnam). NXB Giao Duc, Hanoi: 2010
  10. ^ a b c Viet Nam Administrative Atlas. Cartographic Publishing House, Hanoi 2010
  11. ^ a b c d e Bình Định Statistics Office (2010): Bình Định Statistical Yearbook 2009. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
  12. ^ a b c d e calculations based on General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economic Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
  13. ^ a b c General Statistics Office (1996): Population Data of Sparsely Populated Areas in Vietnam. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
  14. ^ a b c d e f General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economic Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities, Vietnam. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
  15. ^ "Fine weather brings bumper fishing haul". Viet Nam News. 3 January 2013. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
  16. ^ "Vinatex mua lại công ty thua lỗ ở Quảng Ngãi". The Saigon Times. 2011-07-05. Retrieved 2011-07-06.
  17. ^ Vietnam Road Atlas (Tập Bản đồ Giao thông Đường bộ Việt Nam). Cartographic Publishing House (Vietnam), 2004

External links