Queens
Queens
Queens County, New York | ||
---|---|---|
Downtown Flushing | ||
District Attorney Melinda Katz (D) | — (Queens County) | |
Area | ||
• Total | 178 sq mi (460 km2) | |
• Land | 109 sq mi (280 km2) | |
• Water | 70 sq mi (200 km2) 39% | |
Highest elevation | 258.2 ft (78.7 m) | |
Population | ||
• Total | 2,405,464 | |
• Density | 22,124.5/sq mi (8,542.3/km2) | |
Demonym | Queensite[3] | |
GDP | ||
• Total | US$103.325 billion (2022) | |
ZIP Code prefixes | 111--, 113--, 114--, 116-- | |
Area codes | 718/347/929 and 917 | |
Congressional districts | 3rd, 5th, 6th, 7th, 14th | |
Website | Official Website of the Queens Borough President |
Queens is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Queens County, in the U.S. state of New York. Located on Long Island, it is the largest of the five New York City boroughs by area. It is bordered by the borough of Brooklyn at the western tip of Long Island[5] and by Nassau County to its east. Queens shares water borders with the boroughs of Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island, as well as with New Jersey.[6]
With a population of 2,405,464 as of the
Queens was established in 1683 as one of the original 12 counties of the
Queens has the most diversified economy of the five boroughs of New York City.
History
Colonial and post-colonial history
The first
The
Part of a series on |
Long Island |
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Topics |
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Regions |
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Originally, Queens County included the adjacent area now comprising
Queens played a minor role in the
From 1683 until 1784, Queens County consisted of five towns: Flushing,
The 1850 United States census was the first in which the population of the three western towns exceeded that of the three eastern towns that are now part of Nassau County. Concerns were raised about the condition and distance of the old courthouse, and several sites were in contention for the construction of a new one.[30]
In 1870,
On March 1, 1860, the eastern border between Queens County (later Nassau County) and
In 1886, Lloyd's Neck, which was then part of the town of Oyster Bay and had earlier been known as Queens Village, was set off and separated from Queens County and annexed to the town of Huntington in Suffolk County.
Incorporation as borough
The New York City borough of Queens was authorized on May 4, 1897, by a vote of the New York State Legislature after an 1894 referendum on consolidation.[42] The eastern 280 square miles (730 km2) of Queens that became Nassau County was partitioned on January 1, 1899.[43] Queens Borough was established on January 1, 1898.[44][45][46]
"The city of
In 1899, New York City conducted a
From 1905 to 1908, the
In later years, Queens was the site of the 1939 New York World's Fair and the 1964 New York World's Fair.[57] LaGuardia Airport, established on a site in northern Queens that had been a seaplane base, opened in 1939, named for mayor Fiorello La Guardia, who pushed for the development of a modern airport in New York City.[58] Idlewild Airport, in southern Queens, opened in 1948 on the site of a former golf course and was renamed John F. Kennedy International Airport in 1963.[59] In one of several notable incidents, TWA Flight 800 took off from the airport on July 17, 1996, and exploded in midair off the coast of Long Island, killing all 230 on board the Boeing 747.[60] American Airlines Flight 587 took off from the latter airport on November 12, 2001, but ended up crashing in Belle Harbor, killing all 260 on board and five people on the ground.[61] In late October 2012, much of Breezy Point was damaged by a massive six-alarm fire caused by Hurricane Sandy, the largest fire of residential homes in FDNY history, destroying 126 homes in an area where every building was damaged by either water, wind or the resulting fires.[62]
Geography
Queens is located on the far western portion of geographic Long Island and includes a few smaller islands, most of which are in Jamaica Bay, forming part of the Gateway National Recreation Area, which in turn is one of the National Parks of New York Harbor.[63] According to the United States Census Bureau, Queens County has a total area of 178 square miles (460 km2), of which 109 square miles (280 km2) is land and 70 square miles (180 km2) (39%) is water.[64]
Climate
Under the Köppen climate classification, Queens has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) with partial shielding from the Appalachian Mountains and moderating influences from the Atlantic Ocean. Queens receives precipitation throughout the year, with an average of 44.8 inches (114 cm) per year. In an average year, there will be 44 days with either moderate or heavy rain.[67]
An average winter will have 22 days with some snowfall, of which nine days have at least 1 inch (2.5 cm) of snowfall.[67] Summer is typically hot, humid, and wet. An average year will have 17 days with a high temperature of 90 °F (32 °C) or warmer.[67] In an average year, there are 14 days on which the temperature does not go above 32 °F (0 °C) all day.[67] Spring and autumn can vary from chilly to very warm.
The highest temperature ever recorded at LaGuardia Airport was 107 °F (42 °C) on July 3, 1966.[68][67] The highest temperature ever recorded at John F. Kennedy International Airport was 104 °F (40 °C), also on July 3, 1966.[68][69] LaGuardia Airport's record-low temperature was −7 °F (−22 °C) on February 15, 1943, the effect of which was exacerbated by a shortage of heating oil and coal.[67][70] John F. Kennedy International Airport's record-low temperature was −2 °F (−19 °C), on February 8, 1963, and January 21, 1985.[69][71][72] On January 24, 2016, 30.5 inches (77 cm) of snow fell, which is the record in Queens.[73]
Climate data for JFK Airport, New York (1991–2020 normals,[a] extremes 1948–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 71 (22) |
71 (22) |
85 (29) |
90 (32) |
99 (37) |
99 (37) |
104 (40) |
101 (38) |
98 (37) |
95 (35) |
80 (27) |
75 (24) |
104 (40) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 57.7 (14.3) |
58.3 (14.6) |
67.5 (19.7) |
77.9 (25.5) |
85.6 (29.8) |
92.4 (33.6) |
95.2 (35.1) |
91.9 (33.3) |
87.9 (31.1) |
79.7 (26.5) |
68.9 (20.5) |
60.6 (15.9) |
96.8 (36.0) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 39.5 (4.2) |
41.7 (5.4) |
48.7 (9.3) |
58.8 (14.9) |
68.4 (20.2) |
78.0 (25.6) |
83.6 (28.7) |
82.2 (27.9) |
75.8 (24.3) |
64.7 (18.2) |
53.8 (12.1) |
44.5 (6.9) |
61.6 (16.4) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 32.8 (0.4) |
34.5 (1.4) |
41.1 (5.1) |
50.9 (10.5) |
60.5 (15.8) |
70.2 (21.2) |
76.1 (24.5) |
75.0 (23.9) |
68.4 (20.2) |
57.2 (14.0) |
46.8 (8.2) |
38.3 (3.5) |
54.3 (12.4) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 26.2 (−3.2) |
27.4 (−2.6) |
33.6 (0.9) |
42.9 (6.1) |
52.5 (11.4) |
62.4 (16.9) |
68.7 (20.4) |
67.8 (19.9) |
61.0 (16.1) |
49.8 (9.9) |
39.8 (4.3) |
32.0 (0.0) |
47.0 (8.3) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 10.2 (−12.1) |
13.3 (−10.4) |
20.2 (−6.6) |
32.6 (0.3) |
42.9 (6.1) |
52.6 (11.4) |
62.8 (17.1) |
60.1 (15.6) |
50.0 (10.0) |
37.9 (3.3) |
26.9 (−2.8) |
18.6 (−7.4) |
8.2 (−13.2) |
Record low °F (°C) | −2 (−19) |
−2 (−19) |
7 (−14) |
20 (−7) |
34 (1) |
45 (7) |
55 (13) |
46 (8) |
40 (4) |
30 (−1) |
15 (−9) |
2 (−17) |
−2 (−19) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.23 (82) |
2.76 (70) |
3.94 (100) |
3.55 (90) |
3.66 (93) |
3.85 (98) |
3.86 (98) |
4.11 (104) |
3.58 (91) |
3.72 (94) |
3.07 (78) |
3.96 (101) |
43.29 (1,100) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 7.5 (19) |
8.6 (22) |
4.3 (11) |
0.6 (1.5) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.4 (1.0) |
4.5 (11) |
25.9 (66) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 inch) | 10.7 | 9.8 | 10.8 | 11.4 | 11.8 | 10.6 | 9.4 | 9.0 | 8.2 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 11.2 | 121.2 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 4.6 | 3.8 | 2.5 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 2.6 | 14.0 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
64.9 | 64.4 | 63.4 | 64.1 | 69.5 | 71.5 | 71.4 | 71.7 | 71.9 | 69.1 | 67.9 | 66.3 | 68.0 |
Source: |
Neighborhoods
Four
Residents of Queens often closely identify with their neighborhood rather than with the borough or city. The borough is a patchwork of dozens of unique neighborhoods, each with its own distinct identity:
- Roosevelt Avenue, punctuated by the Long Island Rail Road trestle overpass, represents the cultural heart of the Flushing Chinatown. Housing over 25,000 individuals born in China alone, Flushing has become home to one of the largest Chinatowns, representing the largest Chinese population of any U.S. municipality other than New York City in total.[84]
- Howard Beach, Whitestone, and Middle Village are home to large Italian American populations.
- Ozone Park and South Ozone Park have large Italian, Hispanic, and Guyanese populations.
- Irish Americanpopulation.
- young professionals from Manhattan. Nearby Long Island City is a major commercial center and the home to Queensbridge, the largest housing project in North America.
- Slavicpopulations. Ridgewood also has a large Hispanic population.
- South Asian communities. Jackson Heights is also known as "Little Colombia" thanks to the gastronomical and demographic impact of Colombian people.[85]
- Irish American population. Many Filipino Americans live in Hollis and Queens Village.
- Punjabi people.
- Rego Park, Forest Hills, Kew Gardens, and Kew Gardens Hills have traditionally large Jewish populations (historically from Germany and Eastern Europe; though more recent immigrants are from Israel, Iran, and the former Soviet Union). These neighborhoods are also known for large and growing Asian communities, mainly immigrants from China.
- Hollis Hillsare also populated with many people of Jewish background. Many Asian families reside in parts of Fresh Meadows as well.
- Central American populations. There are also middle-class African American and Caribbean neighborhoods such as Saint Albans, Queens Village, Cambria Heights, Springfield Gardens, Rosedale, Laurelton, and Briarwoodalong east and southeast Queens.
- Indian Americans.
Demographics
Jurisdiction | Population | Land area | Density of population | GDP | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Borough | County | Census (2020) |
square miles |
square km |
people/ sq. mile |
people/ sq. km |
billions (2022 US$) 2 | |
Bronx
|
1,472,654 | 42.2 | 109.2 | 34,920 | 13,482 | $43.7 | ||
Kings
|
2,736,074 | 69.4 | 179.7 | 39,438 | 15,227 | $107.3 | ||
New York
|
1,694,251 | 22.7 | 58.7 | 74,781 | 28,872 | $781.0 | ||
Queens
|
2,405,464 | 108.7 | 281.6 | 22,125 | 8,542 | $103.3 | ||
Richmond
|
495,747 | 57.5 | 149.0 | 8,618 | 3,327 | $17.5 | ||
8,804,190 | 300.5 | 778.2 | 29,303 | 11,314 | $1,052.8 | |||
20,201,249 | 47,123.6 | 122,049.5 | 429 | 166 | $1,763.5 | |||
Sources:[88][89][90][91] and see individual borough articles. |
Racial composition | 2020[92] | 2010[93] | 1990[94] | 1970[94] | 1950[94] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
White |
25.8% | 39.7% | 57.9% | 85.3% | 96.5% |
—Non-Hispanic | 22.8% | 27.6% | 48.0% | n/a | n/a |
Black or African American |
16.8% | 19.1% | 21.7% | 13.0% | 3.3% |
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 27.8% | 27.5% | 19.5% | 7.7%[95] | n/a |
Asian |
27.5% | 22.9% | 12.2% | 1.1% | 0.1% |
|
At the 2020 census, 2,405,464 people lived in Queens. In 2018's American Community Survey, the population of Queens was estimated by the United States Census Bureau to have increased to 2,278,906, a rise of 2.2%. Queens' estimated population represented 27.1% of New York City's population of 8,398,748; 29.6% of Long Island's population of 7,701,172; and 11.7% of New York State's population of 19,542,209. The 2019 estimates reported a decline to 2,253,858.[99] In 2018, there were 865,878 housing units, and 777,904 households, 2.97 persons per household, and a median value of $481,300. There was an owner-occupancy rate of 44.5.[99] In the 2010 United States census, Queens recorded a population of 2,230,722. There were 780,117 households enumerated, with an average of 2.82 persons per household. The population density
The racial makeup of the county in 2010 was 39.7%
In Queens, residents consisted of 6.2% under 5, 13.9% 6–18, 64.2% 19–64, and 15.7% over 65. Females made up 51.5% of the population. An estimated 47.5% of residents are foreign-born in 2018. The per capita income was $28,814, and the median household income was $62,008. In 2018, 12.2% of residents lived below the poverty line.
The New York City Department of City Planning was alarmed by the negligible reported increase in population between 2000 and 2010. Areas with high proportions of immigrants and undocumented aliens are traditionally undercounted for a variety of reasons, often based on a mistrust of government officials or an unwillingness to be identified. In many cases, counts of vacant apartment units did not match data from local surveys and reports from property owners.[100]
Ethnic groups
According to a 2001 Claritas study, Queens was the most diverse county in the United States among counties of 100,000+ population.[102] A 2014 analysis by The Atlantic found Queens County to be the third most racially diverse county-equivalent in the United States—behind Aleutians West Census Area and Aleutians East Borough in Alaska—as well as the most diverse county in New York.[9] Meanwhile, a 2017 study by Axios found that, although numerous smaller counties in the United States had higher rates of diversity, Queens was the United States' most diverse populous county.[10]
In Queens, approximately 48.5% of the population was
Among the Asian population in 2010, people of
Among the Hispanic or Latin American population,
Queens has the largest
Queens is also home to 49.6% of the city's Asian population. Among the five boroughs, Queens has the largest population of
Some main European ancestries in Queens as of 2000 include:
The Jewish Community Study of New York 2011, sponsored by the
In Queens, the Black and African American population earns more than non-Hispanic whites on average.
Languages
According to the office of the
Language |
---|
Ages 5+ |
% |
Source → |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
English | non-English | Spanish | Chinese |
Bengali |
Korean |
Tagalog |
Russian | Haitian |
Polish |
Italian | Greek |
Arabic | Punjabi |
Urdu | Hindi | French | ||||||||||||||
1,000,116 | 1,199,561 | 516,251 | 205,371 | 84,349 | 41,420 | 30,427 | 28,013 | 24,928 | 22,342 | 21,273 | 19,749 | 16,269 | 16,139 | 15,769 | 13,176 | 12,384 | ||||||||||||||
45.47% | 54.53% | 23.47% | 9.34% | 3.83% | 1.88% | 1.38% | 1.27% | 1.13% | 1.02% | 0.97% | 0.9% | 0.74% | 0.73% | 0.72% | 0.6% | 0.56% | ||||||||||||||
"2021 American Community Survey: LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME"". United States Census Bureau. 2010. Retrieved July 23, 2023. |
Religion
In 2010 statistics, the largest religious group in Queens was the Diocese of Brooklyn, with 677,520 Roman Catholics worshiping at 100 parishes, followed by an estimated 81,456 Muslims with 57 congregations, 80,000 Orthodox Jews with 110 congregations, 33,325 non-denominational Christian adherents with 129 congregations, 28,085 AME Methodists with 14 congregations, 24,250 Greek Orthodox with 6 congregations, 16,775 Hindus with 18 congregations, 13,989 AoG Pentecostals with 64 congregations, 13,507 Seventh-day Adventists with 45 congregations, and 12,957 Mahayana Buddhists with 26 congregations. Altogether, 49.4% of the population was claimed as members by religious congregations, although members of historically African American denominations were underrepresented due to incomplete information.[115] In 2014, Queens had 738 religious organizations, the thirteenth most out of all U.S. counties.[116]
Culture
Queens has been the center of the punk rock movement, particularly in New York; Ramones originated out of Forest Hills,[117] it has also been the home of such notable artists as Tony Bennett, Francis Ford Coppola, Paul Simon, and Robert Mapplethorpe.
Queens Poet Laureates (generally, 3-year appointments):
- 1997–2001: Stephen Stepanchev (inaugural Poet Laureate)
- 2001–2004: Hal Sirowitz (born 1949)
- 2004–2007: Ishle Yi Park
- 2007–2010: Julio Marzan
- 2010–2014: Paolo Javier
- 2015–2019: Maria Lisella[118]
Queens has notably fostered
Queens hosts various museums and cultural institutions that serve its diverse communities. They range from the historical (such as the John Bowne House) to the scientific (such as the New York Hall of Science), from conventional art galleries (such as the Noguchi Museum) to unique graffiti exhibits (such as 5 Pointz). Queens's cultural institutions include, but are not limited to:
- 5 Pointz
- Afrikan Poetry Theatre
- Bowne House
- Flushing Town Hall
- King Manor
- MoMA PS1
- Museum of the Moving Image
- Noguchi Museum
- New York Hall of Science
- Queens Botanical Garden
- Queens Museum of Art
- SculptureCenter
- Hindu Temple Society of North America
- Jamaica Center for Arts and Learning
The travel magazine Lonely Planet also named Queens the top destination in the country for 2015 for its cultural and culinary diversity.[122] Stating that Queens is "quickly becoming its hippest" but that "most travelers haven't clued in... yet,"[123] the Lonely Planet stated that "nowhere is the image of New York as the global melting pot truer than Queens."[124]
Food
The cuisine available in Queens reflects its vast cultural diversity. The cuisine of a particular neighborhood often represents its demographics; for example, Astoria hosts many Greek restaurants, in keeping with its traditionally Greek population.[125] Jackson Heights is known for its prominent Indian cuisine and also many Latin American eateries.[126]
The Queens Night Market in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, operating since 2015 on Saturdays from April to October (with a break from late August to mid-September), offers samples of food capped at $6 from dozens of countries with attendance of up to 20,000 a night.[127][128][129]
Economy
Queens has the second-largest economy of New York City's five boroughs, following Manhattan. In 2004, Queens had 15.2% (440,310) of all private-sector jobs in New York City and 8.8% of private-sector wages. In 2012, private-sector employment increased to 486,160.
The diversification in Queens' economy is reflected in a large amount of employment in the
The borough's largest employment sector—trade, transportation, and utilities—accounted for nearly 30% of all jobs in 2004; in 2012, its largest employment sector became
Education and health services were the next largest sector in Queens and comprised almost 24% of the borough's jobs in 2004; in 2012, transportation and warehousing, and retail were the second largest at 12% each.[130] The manufacturing and construction industries in Queens are among the largest of the city and accounted for nearly 17% of the borough's private sector jobs in 2004. Comprising almost 17% of the jobs in Queens is the information, financial activities, and business and professional services sectors in 2004.
As of 2003[update], Queens had almost 40,000 business establishments. Small businesses act as an important part of the borough's economic vitality with two-thirds of all businesses employing between one and four people.
Several large companies have their headquarters in Queens, including watchmaker
Long Island City is a major manufacturing and back-office center. Flushing is a major commercial hub for Chinese American and Korean American businesses, while Jamaica is the major civic and transportation hub for the borough.
Sports
Queens is home of the New York Mets of Major League Baseball.[132] Founded in 1962 as an expansion team, the Mets have won 2 World Series championships and 5 National League pennants. Citi Field is a 41,922-seat stadium opened in April 2009 in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park that is the home ballpark of the Mets.[133] Shea Stadium, the former home of the Mets and the New York Jets of the National Football League, as well as the temporary home of the New York Yankees and the New York Giants Football Team stood where Citi Field's parking lot is now located, operating from 1964 to 2008.[134] Queens is the future home of the new stadium for New York City FC of Major League Soccer, which is expected to be completed in 2027.[135]
The U.S. Open tennis tournament has been played since 1978 at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center, located just south of Citi Field.[136] With a capacity of 23,771, Arthur Ashe Stadium is the biggest tennis stadium in the world.[137] The U.S. Open was formerly played at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills.[138] South Ozone Park is the home of Aqueduct Racetrack, which is operated by the New York Racing Association, and offers Thoroughbred horse racing from late October/early November through April.[139] (The Belmont Park racetrack and the adjacent UBS Arena (home of the New York Islanders of the National Hockey League) sit entirely in Nassau County, just over the City line; however, small sections of the properties of both venues are in Queens, as is the Belmont Park station of the Long Island Rail Road.)
Government
Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2020 | 212,665 | 26.92% | 569,038 | 72.03% | 8,278 | 1.05% |
2016 | 149,341 | 21.76% | 517,220 | 75.35% | 19,832 | 2.89% |
2012 | 118,589 | 19.92% | 470,732 | 79.08% | 5,924 | 1.00% |
2008 | 155,221 | 24.25% | 480,692 | 75.09% | 4,224 | 0.66% |
2004 | 165,954 | 27.41% | 433,835 | 71.66% | 5,603 | 0.93% |
2000 | 122,052 | 21.95% | 416,967 | 75.00% | 16,972 | 3.05% |
1996 | 107,650 | 21.05% | 372,925 | 72.94% | 30,721 | 6.01% |
1992 | 157,561 | 28.34% | 349,520 | 62.87% | 48,875 | 8.79% |
1988 | 217,049 | 39.70% | 325,147 | 59.47% | 4,533 | 0.83% |
1984 | 285,477 | 46.38% | 328,379 | 53.34% | 1,722 | 0.28% |
1980 | 251,333 | 44.81% | 269,147 | 47.98% | 40,443 | 7.21% |
1976 | 244,396 | 38.95% | 379,907 | 60.54% | 3,200 | 0.51% |
1972 | 426,015 | 56.34% | 328,316 | 43.42% | 1,756 | 0.23% |
1968 | 306,620 | 40.03% | 410,546 | 53.60% | 48,746 | 6.36% |
1964 | 274,351 | 33.59% | 541,418 | 66.28% | 1,059 | 0.13% |
1960 | 367,688 | 45.07% | 446,348 | 54.71% | 1,863 | 0.23% |
1956 | 471,223 | 59.86% | 315,898 | 40.13% | 144 | 0.02% |
1952 | 450,610 | 57.11% | 331,217 | 41.98% | 7,194 | 0.91% |
1948 | 323,459 | 50.58% | 268,742 | 42.02% | 47,342 | 7.40% |
1944 | 365,365 | 55.33% | 292,940 | 44.36% | 2,071 | 0.31% |
1940 | 323,406 | 52.68% | 288,024 | 46.91% | 2,524 | 0.41% |
1936 | 162,797 | 33.02% | 320,053 | 64.92% | 10,159 | 2.06% |
1932 | 136,641 | 34.32% | 244,740 | 61.47% | 16,760 | 4.21% |
1928 | 158,505 | 45.87% | 184,640 | 53.43% | 2,411 | 0.70% |
1924 | 100,793 | 53.57% | 58,402 | 31.04% | 28,974 | 15.40% |
1920 | 94,360 | 68.71% | 35,296 | 25.70% | 7,668 | 5.58% |
1916 | 34,670 | 50.54% | 31,350 | 45.70% | 2,575 | 3.75% |
1912 | 9,201 | 16.49% | 28,076 | 50.32% | 18,521 | 33.19% |
1908 | 19,420 | 44.13% | 20,342 | 46.22% | 4,246 | 9.65% |
1904 | 14,096 | 41.44% | 18,151 | 53.36% | 1,770 | 5.20% |
1900 | 12,323 | 43.94% | 14,747 | 52.58% | 976 | 3.48% |
1896 | 18,694 | 58.03% | 11,980 | 37.19% | 1,539 | 4.78% |
1892 | 11,704 | 41.71% | 15,195 | 54.15% | 1,161 | 4.14% |
1888 | 11,017 | 45.95% | 12,683 | 52.90% | 275 | 1.15% |
1884 | 8,445 | 43.80% | 10,367 | 53.76% | 471 | 2.44% |
1880 | 8,151 | 43.73% | 10,391 | 55.74% | 99 | 0.53% |
1876 | 6,970 | 40.99% | 9,994 | 58.77% | 41 | 0.24% |
1872 | 6,083 | 51.74% | 5,655 | 48.10% | 19 | 0.16% |
1868 | 4,973 | 43.77% | 6,388 | 56.23% | 0 | 0.00% |
1864 | 4,284 | 44.24% | 5,400 | 55.76% | 0 | 0.00% |
1860 | 3,749 | 46.05% | 4,392 | 53.95% | 0 | 0.00% |
1856 | 1,886 | 27.73% | 2,394 | 35.20% | 2,521 | 37.07% |
1852 | 2,209 | 43.06% | 2,904 | 56.61% | 17 | 0.33% |
1848 | 2,444 | 53.66% | 1,310 | 28.76% | 801 | 17.59% |
1844 | 2,547 | 48.07% | 2,751 | 51.93% | 0 | 0.00% |
1840 | 2,522 | 49.70% | 2,550 | 50.26% | 2 | 0.04% |
1836 | 1,399 | 45.82% | 1,654 | 54.18% | 0 | 0.00% |
1832 | 1,400 | 45.83% | 1,655 | 54.17% | 0 | 0.00% |
1828 | 1,379 | 54.98% | 1,129 | 45.02% | 0 | 0.00% |
Party | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | 1998 | 1997 | 1996 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 62.94% | 62.52 | 62.85 | 62.79 | 62.99 | 62.52 | 62.30 | 62.27 | 62.28 | 62.33 |
Republican | 14.60% | 14.66 | 14.97 | 15.04 | 15.28 | 15.69 | 16.47 | 16.74 | 16.93 | 17.20 |
Other | 3.88% | 3.93 | 3.94 | 3.86 | 3.37 | 3.30 | 3.10 | 3.20 | 3.02 | 2.78 |
No affiliation | 18.58% | 18.89 | 18.24 | 18.31 | 18.36 | 18.49 | 18.13 | 17.79 | 17.77 | 17.69 |
Since New York City's consolidation in 1898, Queens has been governed by the
Since 1990 the Borough President has acted as an advocate for the borough at the mayoral agencies, the City Council, the New York state government, and corporations. Queens' Borough President is Donovan Richards, elected in November 2020 as a Democrat. Queens Borough Hall is the seat of government and is located in Kew Gardens.
The Democratic Party holds most public offices. Sixty-three percent of registered Queens voters are Democrats. Local party platforms center on affordable housing, education, and economic development. Controversial political issues in Queens include development, noise, and the cost of housing.
Each of the city's five counties has its criminal court system and
Although Queens is heavily Democratic, it is considered a swing county in New York politics.
On the national level, Queens has not voted for a Republican candidate in a presidential election since 1972, when Queens voters chose
Federal representation
As of 2024, five Democrats represent Queens in the United States House of Representatives.[148]
- Rockaway Peninsula as well as the southeast Queens neighborhoods of Broad Channel, Cambria Heights, Hollis, Jamaica, Laurelton, Rosedale, Saint Albans, Springfield Gardens, and South Ozone Park. The district also includes John F. Kennedy International Airport.[148]
- Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (first elected in 2018) represents New York's 14th congressional district, which includes the northwest Queens neighborhoods of Astoria, College Point, Corona, East Elmhurst, Jackson Heights, Woodside, and Elmhurst. The district also covers the East Bronx.[148]
Housing
The borough's diverse housing ranges from
Education
Elementary and secondary education
Elementary and secondary school education in Queens is provided by a vast number of public and private institutions. Non-charter public schools in the borough are managed by the
Postsecondary institutions
- LaGuardia and Wagner Archives.
- CUNY's law school. The Queens College Campus is also the home of Townsend Harris High Schooland the Queens College School for Math, Science, and Technology (PS/IS 499).
- Queensborough Community College, originally part of the State University of New York, is in Bayside and is now part of CUNY. It prepares students to attend senior colleges mainly in the CUNY system.
- St. John's University is a private, coeducational Roman Catholic university founded in 1870 by the Vincentian Fathers. With over 19,000 students, St. John's is known for its pharmacy, business and law programs as well as its men's basketball and soccer teams.
- Vaughn College of Aeronautics and Technology is a private, cutting edge, degree-granting institution located across the Grand Central Parkway from LaGuardia Airport. Its presence underscores the importance of aviation to the Queens economy.
- York College is one of CUNY's leading general-purpose liberal arts colleges, granting bachelor's degrees in more than 40 fields, as well as a combined BS/MS degree in Occupational Therapy. Noted for its Health Sciences Programs York College is also home to the Northeast Regional Office of the Food and Drug Administration.
Queens Public Library
The Queens Public Library is the public library system for the borough and one of three library systems serving New York City. Dating back to the foundation of the first Queens library in Flushing in 1858, the Queens Public Library is one of the largest public library systems in the United States. Separate from the New York Public Library, it is composed of 63 branches throughout the borough. In the fiscal year 2001, the Library achieved a circulation of 16.8 million. The Library has maintained the highest circulation of any city library in the country since 1985 and the highest circulation of any library in the nation since 1987. The Library maintains collections in many languages, including Spanish, Chinese, Korean, Russian, Haitian Creole, Polish, and six Indic languages, as well as smaller collections in 19 other languages.
Transportation
According to 2011–2015 ACS microdata, 38% of Queens households did not own a car; the citywide rate is 55%.[157]
Vehicles for hire
As of 2019, the city had about 80,000 for-hire vehicles, of which, two-thirds were
Roundtrip car sharing
Zipcar, and others, entered New York City market in 2002 offering
Micromobility
Citi Bike – a docked-bike and e-bike sharing company had, as of July 2019, 169,000 annual subscribers. In 2021, the Department of Transportation and Citi Bike announced that, as part of its Phase 3 expansion, it was doubling its service area to 70 square miles and tripling the number of bikes to 40,000. The expansion includes 52 new docking stations in Astoria, as well as new stations in Sunnyside and Woodside.[164]
Non-docked e-moped service was launched in the city by Revel in 2019. Companies such as Bird, Lime, VeoRide introduced non-docked e-scooter-sharing in 2021.[165]
Airports
Airline Revenue Passengers at Queens Airports 2019 → pre-COVID-19 pandemic | ||||
|
Domestic
|
International
|
Rank*
|
Total
|
JFK | 28,233,791 | 34,317,281 | ❶ | 62,551,072 |
LGA
|
28,875,041
|
2,209,853
|
|
31,084,894
|
Total
|
57,108,832 | 36,527,134 | 93,635,966 | |
2020 → mid-COVID-19 pandemic
| ||||
JFK | 8,267,666 | 8,362,976 | ❶ | 16,630,642 |
LGA
|
7,853,368
|
391,824
|
|
8,245,192
|
Total
|
16,121,034 | 8,754,800 | 24,875,834 | |
*National rank for international passengers (enplanements + deplanements)[167][168]
|
Queens has crucial importance in international and interstate air traffic, with two of the New York metropolitan area's three major airports located there.
JFK is owned by the City of New York and managed, since 1947, by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. The airport's runways and six terminals cover an area of 4,930 acres (2,000 ha) on Jamaica Bay in southeastern Queens.[169] The airport's original official name was New York International Airport, although it was commonly known as Idlewild, with the name changed to Kennedy in December 1963 to honor the assassination of John F. Kennedy, November 22, 1963.[170]
Public transportation
Subways
Queens is served by the New York City Subway, with 81 stations located within the borough.[173] Two physical lines — the IRT Flushing Line and the IND Queens Boulevard Line — serve as the primary east-west trunk lines in the borough, with all services on the two lines continuing across the East River into Manhattan. Two additional lines are wholly within Queens: the BMT Astoria Line, which serves the neighborhoods of Astoria and Ditmars–Steinway, and the IND Rockaway Line, which provides access to John F. Kennedy International Airport and the Rockaways. In addition, five other New York City Subway lines — the BMT Jamaica Line, BMT Myrtle Avenue Line, BMT/IND Archer Avenue Line, IND Crosstown Line, and IND Fulton Street Line — run between Brooklyn and Queens.
The A, G, J/Z, and M routes connect Queens to Brooklyn without going through Manhattan first. The F, N, and R trains connect Queens and Brooklyn via Manhattan, while the E, W, and 7/<7> trains connect Queens to Manhattan only. The L train briefly enters Queens at Halsey Street, connecting Queens to either Brooklyn or both Brooklyn and Manhattan, depending on the direction.[173] In addition, the Rockaway Park Shuttle operates strictly in the neighborhoods of Rockaway Park and Broad Channel.[173]
Long Island Rail Road
The
Sunnyside Yard is used to store Amtrak intercity and NJ Transit commuter trains from Penn Station in Manhattan. The US$11.1 billion East Side Access project, which will bring LIRR trains to Grand Central Terminal in Manhattan, opened in 2023; this project created a new train tunnel beneath the East River, connecting Long Island City in Queens with the East Side of Manhattan.[175][176]
JFK AirTrain
The elevated AirTrain people mover system connects JFK International Airport to the New York City Subway and the Long Island Rail Road along the Van Wyck Expressway;[177] a separate AirTrain system is planned alongside the Grand Central Parkway to connect LaGuardia Airport to these transit systems.[178][179] Plans were announced in July 2015 to entirely rebuild LaGuardia Airport itself in a multibillion-dollar project to replace its aging facilities, and this project would accommodate the new AirTrain connection.[166]
MTA buses
2019 bus ridership, citywide, on the MTA system, was 2.2 million per average weekday – about 678 million for the year. In Queens, the
Proposed streetcar
A
Water transit
In the
In February 2015, Mayor
Roads
Highways
Queens is traversed by three trunk east–west highways. The
There are also several major north–south highways in Queens, including the
Queens has six state highways that run west–east largely on surface roads. From north to south, they are New York State Route 25A (Northern Boulevard), New York State Route 25B (Hillside Avenue), New York State Route 25 (Queens Boulevard, Hillside Avenue, and Braddock Avenue), New York State Route 24 (Hempstead Avenue), and New York State Route 27 (Conduit Avenue). The only state highway that primarily uses an expressway is New York State Route 878, which uses the Nassau Expressway in southern Queens.[194]
Streets
The streets of Queens are laid out in a semi-
Queens
Many of the village street grids of Queens had only worded names, some were numbered according to local numbering schemes, and some had a mix of words and numbers. In the early 1920s, a "Philadelphia Plan" was instituted to overlay one numbered system upon the whole borough. The Topographical Bureau, Borough of Queens, worked out the details. Subway stations were only partly renamed, and some, including those along the
The Rockaway Peninsula does not follow the same system as the rest of the borough and has its own numbering system. Streets are numbered in ascending order heading west from near the Nassau County border, and are prefixed with the word "Beach." Streets at the easternmost end, however, are nearly all named.
Bridges and tunnels
Queens is connected to the Bronx by the
While most of the Queens/Brooklyn border is on land, the
The
Notable people
Many public figures have grown up or lived in Queens.
Musicians raised in the borough include
Queens has also been home to athletes such as professional basketball player
In popular culture
Queens has also served as a setting for various fictional characters, including Peter Parker / Spider-Man from Marvel Comics. He grew up in Forest Hills with his Aunt May and Uncle Ben,[226] and Archie Bunker of All in the Family, who lived at the fictional 704 Hauser Street in Astoria.[227]
The Cemetery Belt
Several large cemeteries in Queens –
See also
- List of tallest buildings in Queens
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Queens County, New York
- Queens directories
Notes
References
- .
- "New York City". p. 1062.
- "Queens". p. 1274.
- Highest natural elevations in each borough (data varies):
- Manhattan: Washington Heights, James Gordon Bennett Park at West 183rd Street & Fort Washington Avenue: 265.05 feet (80.8 m) (plaque).
- Queens: Glen Oaks at North Shore Towers: 258.2 feet (78.7 m) (no plaque).
- Staten Island: Todt Hill: 412 feet (125.6 m) (no plaque), sometimes chronicled as the highest point on the Eastern Seaboard, south of Maine, all the way to the bottom of Florida.
-
- ^ U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved August 12, 2021.
- ^ "What we learned: 2019 — New Yorkers are everywhere, like it or not". New York Daily News. December 31, 2019.
- ^ "Gross Domestic Product by County and Metropolitan Area, 2022" (PDF). www.bea.gov. Bureau of Economic Analysis.
- ^ "Queens". New York State. Retrieved April 27, 2020.
Queens is the easternmost and largest in area of the five boroughs of New York City, geographically adjacent to the borough of Brooklyn
- ^ Areas touching Monmouth County, MapIt. Accessed September 6, 2023.
- ^ U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved September 14, 2021.
- "Queens" (View: tables. Table ID: S0501).
-
- ^ Lubin, Gus (February 15, 2017). "Queens Has More Languages Than Anywhere in the World – Here's Where They're Found". Business Insider. Retrieved December 29, 2019.
- ^ a b Narula, Svati Kirsten (April 29, 2014). "The 5 U.S. Counties Where Racial Diversity Is Highest—and Lowest". The Atlantic. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
- ^ ProQuest 2428620614(US Newsstream database).
- ^ Mediabridge Infosystems, Inc.May 8, 1999. Retrieved March 28, 2012.
- ^ a b Ash, Mark (1897). The Greater New York Charter as Enacted in 1897, With Notes. Albany: Weed-Parsons Printing Company.
- ^ a b "Queens: Economic Development and the State of the Borough Economy. Report 3-2007" (PDF). Office of the State Comptroller. June 2006. Retrieved March 28, 2012.
- Guardian US, The; Ngu, Sarah (August 13, 2020). "'Not What It Used to Be': In New York, Flushing's Asian Residents Brace Against Gentrification"(US ed.). Retrieved January 29, 2021."The three developers have stressed in public hearings that they are not outsiders to Flushing, which is 69% Asian. 'They've been here, they live here, they work here, they've invested here,' said Ross Moskowitz, an attorney for the developers at a different public hearing in February ... Tangram Tower, a luxury mixed-use development built by F&T. Last year, prices for two-bedroom apartments started at $1.15m ... The influx of transnational capital and rise of luxury developments in Flushing has displaced longtime immigrant residents and small business owners, as well as disrupted its cultural and culinary landscape. These changes follow the familiar script of gentrification, but with a change of actors: it is Chinese American developers and wealthy Chinese immigrants who are gentrifying this working-class neighborhood, which is majority Chinese."
- ).
- ^ Ellis, Edward Robb (1966). The Epic of New York City. Old Town Books. p. 54.
- .
- Via Google Books (limited preview).
- Via Google Books (limited preview).
- Via Google Books (limited preview).
-
- ^ .
- Vol. 1. "No. 107 – In Assembly – Report of the Commissioners of Statutory Revision – Historical Note". pp. xi–xii – via Google Books (New York State Legislature).
- Vol. 1. Chapter 4 – Section 1. pp. 121–122 – via Google Books (New York State Legislature).
- Vol. 1. Chapter 17. p. 268 – via Google Books (New York State Legislature).
-
- ^ Room, Adrian (1933–2010). Place Names of the World. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)- Room, Adrian (1997). 1st ed. → Origins and Meanings of the Names for Over 5000 Natural Features, Countries, Capitals, Territories, Cities, and Historic Sites (entry: "Queens"). p. 295. .2nd ed. → Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features and Historic Sites (entry: "Queens"). 2006. p. 308 – via .
- .
- Via Google Books (preview only). p. 12.
- Via Google Books (preview only). p. 12.
- ^ Mushabac, Jane Esther; Wigan, Angela Harman (maiden; born 1943; married to composer Mel W. Marvin) (1999) [1997]. A Short and Remarkable History of New York City (entry: "1683").
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)- 1st printing →. New York: City & Company (publisher). 1997. p. 19. → Note: City & Company, founded by Helene Silver in 1994, was sold in 2002 to Rizzoli International Publications. The company name, as a New York entity, has been inactive since 2009.OCLC 37464494.
- 2nd printing (link) →. .TimesMachine.
- ^ Greenspan, Walter Perry (1945–2012). "Geographic History of Queens County". Retrieved December 23, 2007.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)Greenspan, formerly a commodities analyst, was, for the last ten years of his life, active with Metro New York Genealogy. In the 1980s, he was, among other things, Presidident of the New York Chapter of the Futures Industry Association.- ^ French, John Homer (1824–1888) (1860). "Queens County". Gazeteer of the State of New York (towns in Queens County). Syracuse: R. Pearsall Smith (publisher). Archived from the original on January 4, 2013. Retrieved December 28, 2007 – via Wayback Machine.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)- Access – via Google Books (Harvard University). pp. 546–551.
- ^ "Early Five Borough's History". Archived from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved December 30, 2007 – via Wayback Machine.
"When Queens County was created the courts were transferred from Hempstead to Jamaica Village and a County Court was erected. When the building became too small for its purposes and the stone meeting house had been erected, the courts were held for some years in that edifice. Later a new courthouse was erected and used until the seat of justice was removed to North Hempstead."- .
- ^ .
"From the final withdrawal of the British in November 1783, until the 1830s, Queens continued as an essentially Long Island area of farms and villages. The location of the county government in Mineola (in present-day Nassau County) underscores the island orientation of that era. The population grew hardly at all, increasing only from 5,791 in 1800 to 7,806 in 1830, suggesting that many younger sons moved away, seeking fortunes where land was not yet so fully taken up for farming."
"Even more crucial to future development was the opening of the Queensboro Bridge in 1909. This span ended the isolation of the borough's road system at precisely the time when mass use of the automobile was getting underway in the United States."
- ^ Seyfried, Vincent Francis (1987) [1983]. Peterson, Jon Alvah (ed.). A Research Guide to the History of the Borough of Queens. New York: Department of History, Queens College, City University of New York.
- 1983 ed. – A Research Guide to the History of the Borough of Queens and Its Neighborhoods: Bibliography, Chronology, and Other Aids (70 pages). .
- 1987 ed. – A Research Guide to the History of the Borough of Queens, New York City: Historical Sketches, Population Data, Chronologies, Bibliography, and Other Aids (59 pages).OCLC 18097590.
- ^ Local Government Handbook. New York State Department of State, Division of Local Government Services.
- 5th ed. (PDF). 2008. pp. 2 (chapter 1), 37 (chapter 4), 40 (chapter 5), 59 (chapter 7). Archived from the original (PDF) on February 7, 2009 – via Wayback Machine. .
- 6th ed. (PDF). 2009. pp. 2 (chapter 1), 38 (chapter 4), 40 (chapter 5) – via .
- 6th ed. (2011 reprint) (PDF). 2011. pp. 2 (chapter 1), 37 (chapter 4), 40 (chapter 5) – viaOCLC 756917598.
- 7th ed. (7.0.0) (PDF). March 13, 2018. pp. 3 (chapter 1.1), 46 (chapter 5.2), 70 (chapter 7.1) – viaOCLC 1091629067.
- 7th ed (7.0.0) (PDF). November 16, 2018. pp. 3 (chapter 1.1), 46 (chapter 5.2), 70 (chapter 7.1). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 27, 2021. Retrieved September 15, 2021.
"The 1777 New York State Constitution, Article XXXVI, confirmed land grants and municipal charters granted by the English Crown prior to October 14, 1775. Chapter 64 of the Laws of 1788 organized the state into towns and cities." ... "The basic composition of the counties was set in 1788 when the State Legislature divided all of the counties then existing into towns. Towns, of course, were of earlier origin, but in that year they acquired a new legal status as components of the counties."TimesMachine.ProQuest 279117006(hardcopy; US Newsstream)."That was the year when the "Old Brig" courthouse was vacated after 90 years of housing lawbreakers. The county court moved fromMineola to Long Island City."OCLC 1097098828, 1023128279."1874 – Queens County Courthouse and seat of county government moved fromMineola (in present-day Nassau County) to Long Island City."- ^ a b Newsday; Mohan, Geoffrey A. (March 29, 1998). "Long Island, Our History: Eastern Factions of Queens Win the Fight to Separate After Six Decades of Wrangling – Nassau's Difficult Birth". Melville, New York. Archived from the original on October 16, 2008. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
North Hempstead, Oyster Bay and the rest of Hempstead were excluded from the vote.
- Access via Newspapers.com
- Access via
- Nassau ed.. Vol. 58. March 29, 1998. pp. A14–A15, A47–A48.
- Suffolk ed.. Vol. 58, no. 207. March 28, 1998. pp. A16–A17, A53–A54.
Newspapers.com.OCLC 7747915, 1039520875.- Chapter 530. pp. 1074–1076 – via Google Books (New York State Legislature).
- .
OCLC 61190473.OCLC 61190482.microfilm).- "Map of Long Island".OCLC 767854563.
- ^ "Lloyd Harbor – A Brief History". Incorporated Village of Lloyd Harbor, Suffolk County, NY (website host). Archived from the original on April 27, 2009. Retrieved April 9, 2009 – via Wayback Machine.
- .
- Vol. 2. Chapter 578. Laws of New York. 1777. p. 1606 – via HathiTrust (UCLA School of Law).
OCLC 61190319.- Vol. 3: Chapter 378; Section 2: "Division Into Boroughs". p. 2 – via Google Books (New York State Legislature).
- ^ Laws of the State of New York Passed at the One Hundred and Twenty-First Session of the Legislature (begun January 5, 1898, and ended March 31, 1898; 2 volumes). Albany: James B. Lyon (printer). 1898.
Fieldston School, Department of History. n.d. Archived from the original on July 23, 2011. Retrieved December 28, 2007 – via Mapsites.net (Wayback Machine).- Illustration & editorial:Newspapers.com.
- Document A: 1834: General Jeremiah Johnson (1766–1852)
- Document B: 1834: Consolidation Committee of the State legislature
- Document C: 1849:The New York Tribune(a Republican newspaper)
- Document D: Andrew Haswell Green (1820–1903)
- Document E: Popular joke
- Document F: 1894: Puck magazine
- Document G: 1896: Rev. Richard Salter Storrs (1821–1900)
- Document H: 1893: St. Clair McKelway (1905–1980), editor of the Brooklyn Eagle
- Document I: Consolidation League
- Document J: League of Loyal Citizens
- Document K: The New York Times, May 1, 1888
- Document L: 1894: Results of the Consolidation Referendum
TimesMachine.Wikidata Q114149635.- ^ NYG&B Newsletter; Macy, Harry Jr. (Winter 1998) [ Updated June 2011 ]. Before the Five-Borough City: Queens. New York Genealogical and Biographical Society. p. 6. Archived from the original on July 3, 2009. Retrieved May 9, 2009 – via bklyn-genealogy-info.com.
This map shows the boundaries of the former towns and the former city within the present Borough of Queens.TimesMachine. (permalink)."The question of the Greater New-York, which is also to be submitted to the people at this coming election, involves the proposition to unite in one city the following cities, counties, and towns: New York City, Long Island City, in Queens County; the County of Kings, (Brooklyn;) the County of Richmond, (S.I.;) the towns of Flushing, Newtown, Jamaica, in Queens County; the town of Westchester, in Westchester County, and all that portion of the towns of East Chester and Pelham which lies south of a straight line drawn from a point where the northerly line of the City of New-York meets the centre line of the Bronx River, to the middle of the channel between Hunter's and Glen Islands, in Long Island Sound, and that part of the town of Hempstead, in Queens County, which is westerly of a straight line drawn from the south-easterly point of the town of Flushing in a straight line to the Atlantic Ocean."TimesMachine.TimesMachine. (permalink).TimesMachine. (permalink) (also accessible via Newspapers.com.)."The increase in area and population that New-York will acquire if consolidation becomes a fact will become evident by a glance at the following table ... "
Area
in
square
miles
Pop-
ulation
38.85 1,801,739 66.39 992,364 57.19 53,452 Westchester County20.24 18,182 Queens County: 29.65 19,803 *Part of the town of Hempstead17.86 17,756 33.50 14,441 7.14 30,506 21.32 17,549
25.63
....
Total area317.77 2,965,792 *Estimated TimesMachine. (permalink).- ^
Newspapers.com.Newspapers.com.- ^ Seyfried, Vincent Francis (1918–2012) (2004). "A Walk Through Queens with David Hartman and Historian Barry Lewis". Educational Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved December 29, 2007.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)"The most momentous event in the history of Queens occurred in 1909 when the long-planned Queensboro Bridge was finally opened. This ended the century-old isolation of the county and dependence on ferries."- .
- ^ Flushing Meadows Corona Park World’s Fair Legacy; Celebrating the Enduring Legacy of the 1939 and 1964 Fairs, New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, Accessed January 17, 2024. "In 1939, and again in 1964, Flushing Meadows Corona Park hosted two of the largest international exhibitions ever held in the United States."
Airways Magazine, December 2, 2023. "In 1939, New York City's LaGuardia Airport (LGA) opened for business in East Elmhurst, Queens. The aviation history of the site in Queens can be traced back to June 1929, when New York Air Terminal Inc. established a seaplane base. The facility underwent several developments and name changes, including being renamed Glenn H. Curtiss Airport in September 1930 and later North Beach Airport in 1935. However, it was Fiorello LaGuardia, the newly elected mayor, who played a significant role in transforming the airport."- ^ Idlewild Park, New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. Accessed January 17, 2024. "Construction on Idlewild Airport began in 1942 on the former site of Idlewild Golf Course in Queens.... After six years of construction, the airport opened on July 1, 1948 and was dedicated by President Truman on July 31, 1948.... Although it continued to be known popularly as "Idlewild," New York International Airport was renamed John F. Kennedy International Airport on December 24, 1963, following resolutions by Mayor Robert F. Wagner, the City Council, and the Commissioners of the Port Authority."
- ^ Trans World Airways Flight 800, N93119, Federal Aviation Administration. Accessed January 17, 1996. Accessed January 17, 2024. "On July 17, 1996, at 2031 EDT, a Boeing 747-131, N93119, crashed into the Atlantic Ocean about eight miles south of East Moriches, New York after taking off from John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK). The airplane was being operated on a regularly scheduled flight to Charles De Gaulle International Airport (CDG), Paris, France, as Trans World Airlines (TWA) Flight 800.... On board the airplane were 212 passengers and 18 crewmembers. The airplane was destroyed by explosion, fire, and impact forces with the ocean. All 230 people aboard were killed."
- ^ Disasters New York City (NYC) American Airlines Flight 587 Crash - 2001, Baruch College. Accessed January 17, 2024. " Two months following the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center, a plane crashed in Belle Harbor, Queens and reignited the fear and broken hearts of Americans. On November 12, 2001, American Airlines Flight 587 (Airbus A300) made its ascent into a clear blue sky and was bound for Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic with 260 people on board. At approximately 9:17 a.m., the plane spiraled out of control and crashed in Belle Harbor, killing all 260 people on board and five people on the ground."
- ^ "Conflagration in Breezy Point Queens; Superstorm Sandy illustrates the full spectrum of Fire Department of New York (FDNY) preparedness and response capabilities along with its commitment to community recovery.", Fire Engineering, May 1, 2013. Accessed July 17, 2024. "Hurricane Sandy's high winds coupled with the storm surge that created an electrical short in one home. The short then triggered the conflagration in Breezy Point, which destroyed 126 homes and damaged 22 others, making it the largest private-residential fire in the department's history. The fires combined with the storm surge accounted for the complete destruction of more than 10 percent of the 2,837 homes in Breezy Point. Overall, every structure in this small beach community received significant damage from fire, water, or wind."
- ^ National Park Service. "National Parks of New York Harbor – Fact Sheet: Gateway NRA – Jamaica Bay Unit". Retrieved March 28, 2012.
U.S. Census Bureau. August 22, 2012 [2010]. Retrieved January 7, 2015.- ^ "NYC Beaches 2011 – Summer Beach Season Kicks Off". QueensMamas. Astoria. May 28, 2011. Archived from the original on March 20, 2012. Retrieved March 28, 2012 – via Internet Archive. Astoria: The Mamas Network, Leni Calas (née Elleni K. Calas; born 1979) (founding publisher)
ProQuest 278781750(hardcopy; US Newsstream).- ^ a b c d e f "Climatological Report (Annual): LaGuardia NY". National Weather Service. Retrieved August 4, 2018.
- ^
TimesMachine.- ^ a b "Climatological Report (Annual): LaGuardia NY". National Weather Service. Retrieved August 4, 2018.
TimesMachine.TimesMachine.TimesMachine.ProQuest 1759860668(online; US Newsstream).- ^ AM New York; Cook, Lauren (August 3, 2018). "Tornado Touched Down in College Point, Queens, NWS Says". Retrieved August 4, 2018.
ProQuest 1038818684(hardcopy; US Newsstream).ProQuest 755490021(hardcopy; US Newsstream).- ^ "NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 9, 2021.
- ^ "Station: New York JFK INTL AP, NY". U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 9, 2021.
- ^ "New York/JFK, NY Climate Normals 1961−1990". NOAA. Retrieved March 23, 2014.
EBSCOhost 95585487.- ^ Hymowitz, Carol (October 27, 2014). "One Percenters Drop Six Figures at Long Island Mall". Bloomberg News. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
ProQuest 2212955596(online; US Newsstream).ProQuest 2092795931(online; US Newsstream).- ^ Robinson, Melia (May 27, 2015). "This Is What It's Like in One of the Biggest and Fastest-Growing Chinatowns in the World". Business Insider. Archived from the original on July 30, 2017. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
- ^ a b NY1 News; McGowan, Clodagh (October 7, 2019). "How Jackson Heights Earned the Nickname 'Little Colombia'". Charter Communications. Retrieved May 19, 2020.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)TimesMachine."Many of them live inVan Wyck Expressway and Lefferts Boulevard, now known as Little Guyana."ISSN 1067-2230.- ^ "A Story Map: 2020 Census Demographic Data Map Viewer". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 12, 2021.
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- "Queens" (View: tables. Table ID: DP05).
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ProQuest 2217096891(online; US Newsstream)."How, they wondered, could Queens have grown by only one-tenth of 1 percent since 2000? How, even with a surge in foreclosures, could the number of vacant apartments have soared by nearly 60 percent in Queens and by 66 percent in Brooklyn? ... Often, though, owners of illegally divided houses are reluctant to disclose the number of tenants, who tend to include people who are in the country illegally and are leery of providing any information to the government."- ^ Eileen Sullivan (November 24, 2023). "Growing Numbers of Chinese Migrants Are Crossing the Southern Border". The New York Times. Retrieved November 24, 2023.
Most who have come to the United States in the past year were middle-class adults who have headed to New York after being released from custody. New York has been a prime destination for migrants from other nations as well, particularly Venezuelans, who rely on the city's resources, including its shelters. But few of the Chinese migrants are staying in the shelters. Instead, they are going where Chinese citizens have gone for generations: Flushing, Queens. Or to some, the Chinese Manhattan..."New York is a self-sufficient Chinese immigrants community," said the Rev. Mike Chan, the executive director of the Chinese Christian Herald Crusade, a faith-based group in the neighborhood.
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"Just look at theFlushing Meadows Corona Park. Since then, it's steadily attracted more and more attendees and, last year averaged 10,000 people a night. Those thousands of New Yorkers weren't just hungry for new food, but for new points-of-view. 'When I first started, it was all about how can we attract people with an event that's as affordable and diverse as possible,' says Night Market founder John Wang. 'We've now been able to represent over 85 countries, and I'm constantly hearing examples of people branching out and trying things they've never heard of before."- ^ Meditz, Stephanie G. "Queens Night Market is cultural, affordable", Queens Chronicle, November 16, 2023. Accessed January 17, 2024. "Queens Night Market founder John Wang said he implemented a $5 price cap on food when the market launched in 2015, followed by a $6 exception in 2017 that still exists thanks to Citizens, this year’s primary sponsor that subsidized entry fees for vendors. He believes that, though attendees overwhelmingly said they attend for the cultural experience, Queens Night Market’s affordability attracts nearly 20,000 people per night."
- ^ Lin, Sidney. "The Worlds Within a Market: Stories of the Queens Night Market", The Science Survey, July 21, 2023. Accessed January 17, 2024. "After its beginning in Flushing Meadows Corona Park in April 2015, the Queens Night Market has run every year since (with the exception of 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). The market takes place on Saturday evenings from late April to late August, and then again from mid-September through late October."
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"Moving the home of theFlushing Meadows, further expanded the US Open's ability to deliver world-class tennis and star-studded entertainment to the masses. Indeed, the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center (the world's largest public tennis facility when not hosting tournament tennis) and its centerpiece, Arthur Ashe Stadium(the world's largest tennis stadium), have enabled the US Open to become the world's best-attended annual sporting event, with nearly three-quarters of a million fans on-site each year."ProQuest 1713677566(online; US Newsstream)."Zausner said the stadium, the largest in tennis, will maintain its seating capacity of 23,771, though some seats in the highest rows were removed to accommodate two video boards. Seats were added in lower levels to replace those lost, he said."- ^ 6sqft; Schulz, Dana (September 1, 2015) [ Updated August 23, 2017 ]. "A History of the US Open in New York: From the West Side Tennis Club to Arthur Ashe Stadium". CityRealty.com. Chelsea, Manhattan. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
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U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved July 22, 2022. - Text listOCLC 1064663491, 425804160.Of the four categories, (i) Extra-Large Colleges (15,000 or more students), (ii) Large Colleges (8,000–14,999 students), (iii) Medium Colleges (4,500–7,999 students), and (iv) Small Colleges (4,499 or fewer students), LaGuardia Community College was in the top three of Large Colleges.- ^ "New Yorkers and Their Cars". New York City Economic Development Corporation. April 5, 2018. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
"According to recent census estimates, almost 1.4 million households in New York City own a car compared to 3.1 million total households." ... "Manhattan, where only 22 percent of households own a car, while ownership is highest in Staten Island where cars are owned by 83 percent of all households. Queens (62 percent) is also above the city average, while the Bronx (40 percent) and Brooklyn (44 percent) look more like the city as a whole."- ^ Martin, Aarian (June 15, 2019). "New York City Flexes Again, Extending Cap on Uber and Lyft" – "Officials want to extend the city's limit on the number of for-hire vehicles, and may consider a congestion charge". Wired. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
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NYSERDA (February 2021). "New York State Transportation Electrification Report" (PDF) (Report Number 21-06) (Final Report ed.). New York State Energy Research and Development Authority(NYSERDA). Retrieved September 21, 2021.- ^
ProQuest 1714006701(online; US Newsstream)."The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, which operates the airport in northern Queens, estimates the overhaul will cost about $4 billion, most of which will go toward tearing down the Central Terminal Building, rebuilding it in place and augmenting it with a grand entry way."- ^ a b Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. "2000–2020 Monthly Airport Traffic Report Archives". Retrieved September 20, 2021.
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TheStreet.com; Reed, Ted (December 20, 2013). "Fifty Years Ago, Idlewild Airport Became JFK". Retrieved February 27, 2017."Fifty years ago on Tuesday, one of the most commonly used words in New York suddenly began to disappear. The word was 'Idlewild,' and it was the name of New York's international airport. On December 24, 1963, the airport's name was changed to John F. Kennedy International Airport, commemorating a young president who had been assassinated just a month earlier."- ^ Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (2016). "About LaGuardia". Archived from the original on June 27, 2016. Retrieved July 6, 2016 – via Wayback Machine.
ProQuest 2213767015(online; US Newsstream)."Mr. Biden said that if he blindfolded someone and took him to La Guardia, the person would think he was in 'some third world country.'"- ^ a b c "Subway Map" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. September 2021. Retrieved September 17, 2021.
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New York Observer; Jorgensen, Jillian (February 4, 2016). "A Streetcar Named Independence: De Blasio Invests in Non-MTA Transit". Retrieved February 5, 2016.ProQuest 1762277108(online; US Newsstream).- ^ "Brooklyn Queens Connector may be another victim of the pandemic". Railway Track and Structures. September 4, 2020. Retrieved September 15, 2020.
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"TheRockaway Peninsula, which previously could be reached only by ferry or by a circuitous route around the eastern end of Jamaica Bay."TimesMachine.- ^ Newsday; Kellogg, Valerie (July 1, 2016). "Donald Trump's Boyhood Home Selling For $1.65M in Queens". Archived from the original on July 5, 2016. Retrieved January 17, 2017 – via Wayback Machine.
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"Their house [Kew Garden Hills, only three blocks away from the Garfunkels' home [at 136-58 72nd Avenue in Kew Garden Hills]." (p. 3)- ^ Silverman, Stephen M. (September 16, 2004). "Punk Rock Legend Johnny Ramone Dies at 55". People. Retrieved June 2, 2009.
"Forest Hills, N.Y., soaking up rock in the '60s but then moving to an edgier sound."- .
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"Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School for Performing Artstogether, where Brody studied acting and Zarobinski studied drawing."ProQuest 2229682926(online; US Newsstream)."Born in Jackson Heights, Queens, Ms. Liu, the daughter of working-class Chinese immigrants, recalled many an afternoon spent parked in front of a television set."Newspapers.com.Newspapers.com."There is a painting oftavern, on the door."- ^ "'Dapper Don' John Gotti Dead – Brought Down by the Bull" (U.S. ed.). CNN. June 11, 2002. Archived from the original on August 13, 2005. Retrieved August 31, 2010 – via Wayback Machine.
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TimesMachine."Neither the outpouring of affection from an adoring public nor the love he finally found after four failed marriages could make up for the neglect and physical abuse he suffered as a child growing up in South Jamaica, Queens."- ^ Saget, Bedel; Buchanan, Larry; Delgado, Paula Ceballos; Patanjali, Karthik; Rhyne, Emily; Throop, Noah; Ward, Joe; White, Jeremy; Syam, Umi; Byrd, Aaron (July 22, 2021). "Who is Dalilah Muhammad? The Hurdler Who Set the Standard". The New York Times.
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Further reading
- McGovern, Brendan; Frazier, John W. (2015). "Evolving Ethnic Settlements in Queens: Historical and Current Forces Reshaping Human Geography". OCLC 5735481287, 6894888949(article).
- Miyares, Ines Maria (October 2004). "From Exclusionary Covenant to Ethnic Hyperdiversity in Jackson Heights, Queens". OCLC 211830189, 1104949714.
- Willis, Walter Irving, ed. (1920). Queens Borough, New York City, 1910–1920; The Borough of Homes and Industry, a Descriptive and Illustrated Book Setting Forth Its Wonderful Growth and Development in Commerce, Industry and Homes During the Past Ten Years, 1910 to 1920; A Prediction of Even Greater Growth During the Next Ten Years, 1920 to 1930; And a Statement of Its Many Advantages, Attractions and Possibilities as a Section Wherein to Live, to Work and to Succeed. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens (publisher). Long Island Star Publishing Company (printer). Retrieved August 2, 2014 – via .
- Hazelton, Henry "Harry" Isham (1867–1938) (1925). The Boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens Counties of Nassau and Suffolk Long Island, New York, 1609–1924 (7 volumes). Lewis Historical Publishing Company, Inc.
{{.
- Vol. 5. New York, Chicago, Lewis historical Pub. Co. 1925 – via Internet Archive (Allen County Public Library).
- History of Queens County, New York: With Illustrations, Portraits, and Sketches of Prominent Families and Individuals. New York: W.W. Munsell & Co. → William Watkins Munsell; 1850–1919. 1882. .
- Via HathiTrust (Columbia University). W.W. Munsell and Co. 1882.
- Via Internet Archive (Columbia University). 1882.
- Onderdonk, Henry, Jr. (1804–1886) (1846). Documents and Letters Intended to Illustrate the Revolutionary Incidents of Queens County – With Connecting Narratives, Explanatory Notes, and Additions. .
- Onderdonk, Henry, Jr. (1804–1886) (1865). Queens County in Olden Times: Being a Supplement to the Several Histories Thereof. .
Items extracted from newspapers and other sources, arranged chronologically, 1639–1832.- .
- Skal, George Hugo August Eugen von (1908). Illustrated History of the Borough of Queens, New York City. .
- Part II – "Queens Borough of the Present Day". pp. 31–38.
- Part III – "Noteworth Buildings and Places". pp. 39–70.
- Part IV – "Men of Mark". pp. 71–90.
- Part V – "A Glance to the Past and the Future". pp. 91–104.
- Part VI – "The Flushing Journal". pp. 105–112.
- "Biographical Sketches". pp. 113–167.
- .
- Via Google Books (Harvard).
- Via Google Books (UC Berkeley).
- Via HathiTrust (Harvard). The University of the State of New York. 1916.
- Via HathiTrust (UC Berkeley). The University of the State of New York. 1916.
- Via HathiTrust (Cornell). The University of the State of New York. 1916.
- Via Internet Archive (Cornell). Albany, N.Y., University of the State of New York. 1916.
- Copquin, Claudia Gryvatz (2007) [2009]. The Neighborhoods of Queens (guide to 99 neighborhoods). .
- Via Google Books (limited preview).
- Glascock, Mary A. (1977). An Annotated Bibliography of the History of Queens County (218 pages). OCLC 10188022.
- Kingsley, J. Donald, Executive Director (June 1958). "Queens Communities – Population Characteristics and Neighborhood Social Resources". Bureau of Community Statistical Services Research Department, The Community Council of Greater New York.
{{.
- Vol. 1. "Astoria, Long Island City–Sunnyside, Woodside–Jackson Heights–Elmhurst–Corona, Forest Hills–Rego Park, Middle Village (Glendale part), Ridgewood–Maspeth (Glendale part), Woodhaven–Richmond Hill, Richmond Hill South–Ozone Park–South Ozone Park–Howard Beach, The Rockaways". The Bureau, Research Dept. – via HathiTrust (New York Public Library).
- Lieberman, Janet Elaine, PhD (née Janet Elaine Rubensohn; 1921–2019); Lieberman, Richard Kenneth (1983). City Limits: A Social History of Queens (the two authors are not related). .
"Based on the work of the Community History Program atFiorello H. LaGuardia Community College."- .
- Via Google Books (limited preview).
- Via Google Books (limited preview).
- .
- Kadinsky, Sergey (March 14, 2016). Hidden Waters of New York City: A History and Guide to 101 Forgotten Lakes, Ponds, Creeks, and Streams in the Five Boroughs. OCLC 929863403..
- Book – via Google Books (limited preview). p. 96.
- Author's blog – "Hidden Waters". June 15, 2023.OCLC 1187187978.
- Walsh, Kevin S.; and the OCLC 855044557.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Queens, New York City.Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Queens.
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