Quercygale

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Quercygale
Temporal range: 55.2–35.0 
Ma
 Early to Late Eocene
skull of species Quercygale angustidens
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Clade:
Pan-Carnivora
Clade: Carnivoramorpha
Clade:
Carnivoraformes
Family: †Quercygalidae
Kretzoi, 1945[1]
Genus: †Quercygale
Kretzoi, 1945
Type species
†Quercygale angustidens
Filhol, 1872
Species
[see classification]
Synonyms
synonyms of genus:
  • Humbertia (De Beaumont, 1965)[2]
synonyms of species:
  • Q. angustidens:
    • Humbertia angustidens (De Beaumont, 1965)
    • Procynodictis euzetensis (Depéret, 1917)[3]
    • Viverra angustidens (Filhol, 1872)[4]
    • Viverravus euzetensis (Depéret, 1917)
  • Q. hastingsae:
    • Viverra hastingsae (Davies, 1884)
    • Viverravus hastingsae (Depéret, 1917)
  • Q. helvetica:
    • Cynodon helveticus (Rütimeyer, 1862)
    • Humbertia helvetica (De Beaumont, 1965)
    • Miacis macintyri (Van Valen, 1965)[5]
    • Quercygale macintyri (Russell, 1982)[6]
    • Tapocyon macintyri (Russell, 1982)

Quercygale ("weasel from

Carnivoraformes, that lived in Europe during the early to late Eocene.[7][8] Phylogenetic analysis of the basicranial morphology of carnivoramorphans suggests Quercygale is the most advanced member of clade Carnivoraformes as a sister taxon to crown group Carnivora, predating the split between Feliformia and Caniformia,[9][10][11] although another recent study has proposed genus Quercygale should be placed as a stem group within Feliformia.[12]

Taxonomy

Family: †Quercygalidae (Kretzoi, 1945)
Genus: †Quercygale (Kretzoi, 1945)
Species: Distribution of the species and type locality: Age:
†Q. angustidens (Filhol, 1872)[4]  France (Quercy Phosphorites and Sables Du Castrais) 40.0–37.5 Ma
†Q. hastingsae (Davies, 1884)[13]  UK (Headon Bedes) 37.8–37.5 Ma
†Q. helvetica (Rütimeyer, 1862)[14]  France
 Germany
  Switzerland 		47.8–41.2 Ma
†Q. smithi (Solé, 2014)[10]  France (Mutigny and Mancy) 55.2–47.8 Ma
†Q. sp. [MNNA 9010] (Astibia, 2000)[15]  Spain (Basque Country) 37.0–35.0 Ma

References

  1. ^ Miklos Kretzoi (1945) "Bemerkungen über das Raubtiersystem." Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, Budapest, vol. 38, pp. 59–83.
  2. ^ Gérard de Beaumont (1965.) "Les Viverravinae (Carnivora, Miacidae) de l’Eocène de la Suisse." Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 69:133–146.
  3. ^ Depéret C. (1917.) "Monographie de la faune de mammiféres fossiles du Ludien inférieur d'Euget-les-Bains (Gard)." Ann. Univ. Lyon (N. S.), Div. 1, 40, 1–288.
  4. ^ a b Filhol, H (1872). "Recherches sur les mammifères fossiles des dépots de phosphate de chaux dans les départements du Lot, du Tarn et de Tarn−et− Garonne". Annales des Sciences Géologiques. 3: 1–31.
  5. ^ Van Valen, Leigh (1965). "Some European Proviverrini (Mammalia, Deltatheridia)" (PDF). Palaeontology. 8: 638–665.
  6. ^ Donald E. Russell, Jean-Louis Hartenberger, Charles Pomerol, Sevket Sen, Norbert Schmidt-Kittler and Monique Vianey-Liaud (1982.) "Mammals and stratigraphy: the Paleocene of Europe" Palaeovertebrata Vol. 12
  7. ISBN 978-0-231-11012-9
    .
  8. ^ "Quercygale". www.paleodb.org. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
  9. ^ Wesley-Hunt, G. D.; Werdelin, L. (2005). "Basicranial morphology and phylogenetic position of the upper Eocene carnivoramorphan Quercygale". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 50 (4): 837–846.
  10. ^
    S2CID 129314381
    .
  11. S2CID 247465166
    .
  12. PMID 27853569
    .
  13. S2CID 131595417
    .
  14. ^ Rütimeyer, L. (1862.) "Eocaene Säugetiere aus dem Gebiet des Schweizerischen Jura." Neue Denkschriften der allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 19, 1–98.
  15. ^ H. Astibia, A. Aranburu, X. Pereda Suberbiola, X. Murelaga, C. Sesé, M. A. Cuesta, S. Moyà-Solà, J. E. Baceta, A. Badiola and M. Köhler (2000.) "Un nouveau site à vertébrés continentaux de l'Éocène supérieur de Zambrana (Bassin de Maranda-Treviño, Alava, Pays basque)." Géobios 32(2):233-248
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