Quiapo Church

Coordinates: 14°35′56″N 120°59′02″E / 14.598782°N 120.983783°E / 14.598782; 120.983783
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Quiapo Church
Minor Basilica and National Shrine of Jesus Nazareno (Black Nazarene)
Saint John the Baptist Parish
  • Basílika Menor at Pambansang Dambana ni Jesus Nazareno (Itím na Nazareno) (Filipino)
  • Basílica Menor y Santuario Nacional del Jesus Nazareno Negro (Spanish)
Main façade in December 2023
Map
14°35′56″N 120°59′02″E / 14.598782°N 120.983783°E / 14.598782; 120.983783
LocationQuiapo, Manila
CountryPhilippines
Language(s)Filipino
DenominationCatholic Church
TraditionRoman Rite
WebsiteQuiapo Church
History
Former name(s)Church of the Camisa[1]
Status
Founded1588; 436 years ago (1588)
Founder(s)Antonio de Nombela
Style
Mexican Baroque
Years built
  • c. 1588 (dst. 1603)
  • c. 1686 (dst. 1863)
  • 1879–1889 (dst. 1929)
  • 1933–1935; 1984–1986
Groundbreaking1933 (1933) (main façade)
1984 (1984) (expansion)
Completed1935 (1935) (main façade)
1986 (1986) (expansion)
Construction cost₱8 million (expansion)[2]
Specifications
Capacity1,000 (seating)[3]
Length78.8 m (259 ft)[4]
Width33.0 m (108.3 ft)[4]
Nave width11.5 m (38 ft)[4]
Width across transepts33.0 m (108.3 ft)[4]
Other dimensionsFaçade facing southwest
Floor area2,410.5 m2 (25,946 sq ft)[2]
Number of domes1
Number of towers2
MaterialsReinforced concrete
Administration
ProvinceManila
MetropolisManila
ArchdioceseManila
DeaneryJose de Trozo[5]
ParishSt. John the Baptist
Clergy
RectorRev. Fr. Rufino C. Sescon, Jr.
Vicar(s)
  • Rev. Fr. Jonathan Noel Mojica
  • Rev. Fr. Robert Arellano, LRMS
  • Rev. Fr. Jesus Madrid, Jr.
Assistant priest(s)
  • Franklin Villanueva
  • Yulito Ignacio

The Minor Basilica and National Shrine of Jesus Nazareno (Black Nazarene),

basilica in the district of Quiapo in the city of Manila, Philippines. It is the home of the Black Nazarene, a dark statue of Jesus Christ said to be miraculous. The basilica is under the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of Manila under the Vicariate of José de Trozo
and its current rector is Rev. Fr. Rufino C. Sescon, Jr.

History

Early churches

The earliest church, built by missionaries of the

chapel-of-ease) of Santa Ana, the Franciscan friar Antonio de Nombella founded the church in 1588 which was dedicated to Saint John the Baptist, the forerunner of Christ. It burned down in 1603 and the parish was temporarily turned over to the Jesuits until secular clergy objected.[6] Governor-General Santiago de Vera initiated the full construction of the church in 1686.[7] On April 8, 1639, the administration of the church was returned to the seculars who had always taking care of the church's welfare.[6]

During the

invaded Manila. An earthquake in 1863 destroyed the church and in its place a temporary church was built. Eusebio de León later reconstructed the ruined church in 1879,[6] completing the structure in 1889 with the assistance of Manuel Roxas. Roxas had raised the unprecedented amount of ₱40,000.00 from donations and lay contributions. In 1929, the church caught fire again, in which the church's wooden ceiling and sacristy were destroyed.[7]

Present church

Church PHC historical marker

In 1933, Magdaleno Castillo began the reconstruction of the church from the plan prepared by National Artist of the Philippines architect Juan Nakpil – son of composer Julio Nakpil.[8] He added the church's dome and a second belfry to balance out the façade. The reconstructed church, made of reinforced concrete, was completed in 1935. During World War II, parts of Quiapo were destroyed except for the church.[9]

Lorenzo Ruíz on that day.[7]

In 2006, the church celebrated 400 years since the Black Nazarene’s arrival. As part of the celebrations, a jubilee wall was placed at the entrance gate so devotees can post their own testimonials of faith and devotion to the Black Nazarene. The Traslación from Quirino Grandstand back to the basilica was also introduced, re-enacting the image's initial transfer from its destroyed shrine in Intramuros.[11]

On May 10, 2023, Cardinal

Kalibo, Aklan, the episcopacy conferred the title and rank of national shrine on the basilica, bypassing the usual ten-year waiting period.[13] On December 14, the basilica received the official decree making it a national shrine.[14]

On January 29, 2024, at the end of the CBCP's 127th Plenary Assembly in Manila, a

international shrine, a title already conferred by the Holy See on Antipolo Cathedral.[15]

Architecture

Saint John the Baptist
(right).

Built in the

balustrades and decorated with huge scrolls. The tympanum of the pediment has a pair of chalice-shaped finials, and towards the end of the raking cornice, urn-like vases mark the end of the pediment. A quatrefoil window in the center of the pediment was sealed up in the late 1980s and replaced with a relief of the crossed keys and tiara of the pope – a symbol of its status as a minor basilica.[2]

During its expansion, changes to the building were made, such as the removal of the ornate exposed trusses, the removal of the interior columns to create an expansive columnless structure, and the realignment of the perimeter walls. Even though Zaragoza did not tamper the facade and altar area, this received criticisms like comparing the new interior with a basketball court.[9] Only the façade, the dome, the transept, and the apse retained the classic design.[7]

Devotion to the Black Nazarene

Main article: Black Nazarene
High altar
of the church, with the Black Nazarene enshrined above it
Devotees attending Mass inside the church

The masses go to Quiapo Church in downtown Plaza Miranda and drop a visit to the Nuestro Señor Jesús Nazareno (a dark figure of Christ carved by a Mexican artist from black wood) whose image, reputedly miraculous, was brought to the country in a Spanish galleon in the 17th century.[6]

Quiapo Church holds a novena every Friday, Quiapo Day, in honor of the Black Nazarene, and is attended by thousands of devotees. A note is sounded before the novena begins as the devotees to the Black Nazarene troop in and emit their strings of petitions.[6] One can encounter the traditional folk Catholicism of Filipinos when they all climb the narrow flight of stairs to kiss the Señor's foot or wipe it with their handkerchiefs they use every time they visit.[6]

Traslación of the Black Nazarene in 2024

The Feast of the Black Nazarene on January 9 celebrates the traslación (solemn translation) of the statue to the church from the Church of Saint Nicholas Tolentino. Traffic is re-routed round the devotees who participate in this district's fiesta. There are men who are devoted to carry the Black Nazarene statue around a specific route. They have a panata, a vow to serve the Lord in this sacrifice. These people believed that an afternoon's participation in the procession can repent their sins and shady deals in a year.[6]

In 2024, 6.5 million devotees participated in the Traslación.

Archdiocese of Manila has proposed to the Holy See to declare January 9 as the "national feast of the Black Nazarene".[18]

Abortifacients sold by private vendors

The vicinity of the church is a popular area for peddlers of unsafe abortifacients, local gastric irritants and untested herbal folk (

potions) remedies.[6] The merchandise are clandestinely sold from stalls surrounding the Basilica and the Plaza Miranda fronting it. Abortion is illegal in the Philippines, and individuals who cannot afford the surgical procedure resort to these vendors.[19]

The media often covers stories of dead

Roman Catholic Church.[21]
The fetuses covered by the Filipino TV media are often left wrapped in sack-cloth or plain boxes.

Gallery

  • Close-up of the main façade
    Close-up of the main façade
  • Main façade at night
    Main façade at night
  • Church interior
    Church interior
  • Lateral walls
    Lateral walls
  • Historical plaques inside the church
    Historical plaques
    inside the church

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Filipino: Basílika Menor at Pambansang Dambana ni Jesus Nazareno (Itim na Nazareno); Spanish: Basílica Menor y Santuario Nacional del Jesus Nazareno (Nazareno Negro)
  2. ^ Filipino: Simbahan ng Quiapo; Spanish: Iglesia Parroquial de Quiapo
  3. ^ Filipino: Parokya ng San Juan Bautista; Spanish: Parroquia de San Juan el Bautista

References

  1. ^ Camisa Church, Binondo, Manila, Philippines, late 19th century or early 20th century. Flickr. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d Lico, Gerald (2016). "Building Faith: Architecture and Sacred Spaces of Quiapo Church". Journal of Southeast Asian Architecture. National University of Singapore: 13, 31–50.
  3. ^ Aquino, Leslie Ann (July 5, 2020). "Quiapo Church now allowed to accept 100 mass attendees". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d Measured using Google Earth.
  5. ^ "Vicariate of Jose de Trozo". Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i de la Torre, Visitacion (1981). Landmarks of Manila: 1571-1930. Makati: Filipinas Foundation, Inc. pp. 69–71.
  7. ^
    ISBN 971-506-040-4
    .
  8. ^ Medina, Marielle (January 9, 2018). "DID YOU KNOW: Reconstruction of Quiapo Church in 1930s". Inquirer Research. Retrieved March 30, 2023.
  9. ^ a b c Cucueco, Carlos III (January 10, 2022). "The Evolution of Quiapo Church". Renacimiento Manila. Archived from the original on February 13, 2023. Retrieved February 13, 2023.
  10. ^ "Qui Loco Petri" (PDF) (in Latin). December 11, 1987. Retrieved March 30, 2023.
  11. ^ Punay, Edu (January 8, 2007). "Annual Nazarene feast highlights beginnings of 400-year-old image". Philippine Star. Retrieved February 20, 2023.
  12. ^ "Quiapo Church elevated as 'Archdiocesan Shrine of the Black Nazarene'". CBCP News. May 31, 2023. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  13. ^ "CBCP elevates Quiapo Church to national shrine". CBCP News. July 9, 2023. Retrieved July 9, 2023.
  14. ^ "Solemn declaration of Quiapo Church as national shrine slated Jan. 29". CBCP News. December 14, 2023. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
  15. ^ a b c Del Rosario, Rhowen (January 30, 2024). "CBCP head hopes Quiapo Church will turn into int'l shrine". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
  16. ^ Calucin, Diann Ivy C. (January 30, 2024). "'Most welcome development': Mayor Honey on declaration of Quiapo Church as national shrine". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
  17. ^ Rita, Joviland (January 9, 2024). "Black Nazarene back at Quiapo Church; Traslacion took 15 hours". GMA Integrated News. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
  18. ^ Legarde, Roy (January 9, 2024). "Manila archdiocese asks Vatican to designate Jan. 9 as nat'l feast of the Black Nazarene". CBCP News. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
  19. ^ Conde, Carlos H. (May 16, 2005). "Philippines abortion crisis". New York Times.
  20. ^ "Philippine Churches Dismayed by Aborted Babies Dumped on Church Grounds - BCNN1". Archived from the original on May 23, 2013. Retrieved February 1, 2012.
  21. ^ "Fetuses found near churches". ABS-CBN News.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quiapo_Church&oldid=1214890601"