Renfe
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (July 2023) |
Spanish government (100%) | |
Number of employees | 13,720 (2018)[2] |
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Subsidiaries |
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Website | renfe.com |
Renfe (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈreɱfe], Eastern Catalan: [ˈreɱfə]), officially Renfe-Operadora, is Spain's national state-owned railway company.[3]
It was created in 2005 upon the split of the former Spanish National Railway Network (Renfe) into the Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias (ADIF), which inherited the infrastructure, and Renfe-Operadora, which inherited the railway service.
History
The name "Renfe" (acronym of
The Railway Sector Act, 2003 separated the management, maintenance and construction of rail infrastructure from train operation. The first activity is now the responsibility of Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias (ADIF), while the newly created Renfe-Operadora (also known as Grupo Renfe or simply Renfe) owns the rolling stock and remains responsible for the planning, marketing and operation of the passenger and freight services.[4]
Renfe no longer has a monopoly on domestic passenger services due to Ouigo España launching in 2021, followed by Iryo in 2022.[citation needed]
Structure
Renfe-Operadora inherited the management model of the old Renfe, which made Renfe-Operadora responsible for the operation of the passenger and freight services. In January 2006, Renfe-Operadora restructured the main business units into four general directorates:
- Dirección General de Servicios Públicos de Cercanías y Media Distancia (General Public Utilities Directorate for Suburban and Medium Distance): responsible for commuter services (Cercanías), medium-distance high-speed rail AVE services and medium-range regional services (es:Regionales and es:Media Distancia). However, control of some Cercanías services were transferred to Spain's Autonomous communities.
- Dirección General de Servicios de Larga Distancia (General Directorate of Long Distance Services): responsible for long-distance intercity and high-speed rail services (except medium-distance AVE services and Media Distancia, which is managed by the above business unit).
- Dirección General de Servicios de Mercancías y Logística (General Directorate for Freight and Logistics Services): responsible for freight services.
- Dirección General de Fabricación y Mantenimiento (General Directorate of Manufacturing and Maintenance): responsible for rolling stock maintenance and manufacture (also known as Integria)
In June 2013, Renfe's board agreed to restructure the group into four separate companies under the holding company:[5][6]
- Renfe Viajeros, operating passenger trains;
- Renfe Mercancías, freight;
- Renfe Fabricación y Mantenimiento, rolling stock maintenance;
- Renfe Alquiler de Material Ferroviario, train leasing.
Figures
Figures[7] | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Passengers (Mio.)[8] | 527,975 | 517,583 | 510,176 | 476,334 | 463,012 | 476,917 | 472,145 | 466,057 | 464,961 | 465,201 | 471,359 | 487,881 | 507,088 | 510,453 |
Passenger-kilometer (Mio.) |
20,480 | 20,167 | 22,281 | 21,895 | 21,166 | 21,585 | 21,319 | 22,563 | 23,754 | 24,825 | 25,291 | 26,060 | 26,931 | 27,263 |
AVE Passengers (Tsd.) | 4.878 | 5.559 | 11.461 | 11.250 | 10.851 | 12.563 | 12.101 | 14.697 | 17.967 | 19.428 | 20.352 | 21.108 | 21.332 | 22.370 |
AVE Passenger-kilometer (Tsd.) | 1.884 | 2.161 | 4.888 | 5.260 | 5.171 | 5.846 | 5.793 | 7.095 | 8.038 | 9.230 | 9.632 | 10.267 | 10.289 | 10.760 |
Operations
The company operates some 12,000 km (7,500 mi) of railways, 7,000 km (4,300 mi) of them electrified. Most of the tracks are constructed to the
Construction of a
Other lines operated by Renfe include Euromed, a moderate-speed line between Barcelona and Alicante.
In addition to
In 2019, Renfe solicited bids for 31 new trains for the Asturias and Cantabria regions and the €258m contract was awarded to the CAF (Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles) in June 2020. Around February 2023, authorities discovered the designs were for the wrong loading gauge and would be too wide for the tunnels.[9] Amidst international embarrassment, Renfe and ADIF each tried to deflect responsibility, and some called for the firing of the executives deemed responsible. Fortunately, the trains were still being designed, however the Cercanía commuter trains will be delayed until 2026.[10][11][9] Subsequently, transport officials including the president of Renfe and the Secretary of State for Transport resigned.[12]
Passenger rolling stock
Renfe-Operadora utilises the following rolling stock and commercial products inside of its two divisions:
Suburban and Medium Distance (DGSPCMD)
Cercanías AM (Meter Gauge Commuter Services)
Rolling stock | Region(s) | Image |
---|---|---|
Feve Class 2400 DMU | Asturias Cantabria Galicia |
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Feve Class 2600 DMU | Asturias Castile and León |
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Feve Class 2700 DMU | Asturias Basque Country Cantabria Castile and León Galicia |
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Feve Class 2900 DMU | Castile and León Galicia Murcia |
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Feve Class 3300 EMU | Asturias | |
Feve Class 3500 EMU | Asturias | |
Feve Class 3600 EMU | Asturias Basque Country Cantabria |
|
Feve Class 3800 EMU | Cantabria |
Cercanías (Commuter Services)
Rolling stock | Metropolitan area(s) | Image |
---|---|---|
Renfe Class 442 EMU |
Madrid | |
Renfe Class 446 EMU | Bilbao Madrid |
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Renfe Class 447 EMU | Santander
|
|
Renfe Class 450 EMU |
Barcelona Madrid |
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Renfe Class 462/463/464/465 EMU | Valencia Zaragoza |
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Renfe Class 592 DMU |
Mainline Medium Distance Services
Rolling stock | Route(s) | Image |
---|---|---|
Renfe Class 440/470 EMU (to be phased out) | Córdoba – Rabanales León – Ponferrada – Vigo León – Gijón Valladolid – Santander Valladolid – Ávila Valladolid – León Valencia − Barcelona Valencia − Alicante |
|
Renfe Class 448 EMU | Catalunya Aragón |
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Renfe Class 449 EMU | Madrid – Jaén León – Ponferrada – Orense – Vigo Sevilla – Cádiz Barcelona – Girona – Figueres – Portbou Huelva – Sevilla Jaén – Córdoba – Sevilla – Cadiz Madrid − Alcázar de San Juan − Albacete Madrid − Alcázar de San Juan − Ciudad Real Alicante – Albacete – Ciudad Real Madrid − León Madrid – Vitoria Irun - Vitoria - Miranda de Ebro Córdoba – Bobadilla Barcelona – Reus Barcelona – Tortosa |
|
Renfe Class 592 DMU (to be phased out) | Madrid – Talavera Murcia – Cartagena Valencia − Alcoi CELTA: Oporto - Vigo (Service CP) |
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Renfe Class 594 DMU | Valladolid – Zamora – Puebla de Sanabria A Coruña – Ferrol A Coruña – Lugo – Monforte de Lemos - Ourense Madrid – Soria Murcia – Cartagena |
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Renfe Class 598 DMU | Cáceres – Valencia de Alcántara Sevilla – Cáceres - Madrid |
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Renfe Class 599 DMU | Madrid – Badajoz Huelva – Zafra A Coruña – Vigo Guixar Salamanca – Ávila – Madrid Salamanca – Palencia Valencia – Cartagena Zaragoza – Valencia Zaragoza – Cartagena Sevilla – Málaga Sevilla – Almería Granada – Algeciras Málaga – Ronda Granada – Linares Madrid − Águilas |
High-Speed Medium Distance Services
Service | Rolling stock | Route(s) | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Avant | Renfe Class 104 EMU | Madrid – Toledo Madrid – Ciudad Real Málaga – Granada Sevilla – Córdoba Barcelona – Camp De Tarragona Sevilla - Málaga |
|
Renfe Class 114 EMU | Madrid – Puertollano Madrid – Valladolid Barcelona – Figueres Barcelona – Lleida Sevilla – Granada |
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Renfe Class 121 EMU | Cádiz – Jaén A Coruña – Ourense A Coruña – Vigo Urzaiz Madrid – Ponferrada Ponferrada-Vigo Madrid – Gandia Madrid-Salamanca |
Long Distance (DGSLD)
Luxury Tourist Train Services
Mainline Long Distance Services
Service(s) | Route(s) | Locomotive | Passenger Car | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|
Intercity | Madrid – Algeciras Madrid – Granada Madrid – Murcia – Cartagena Madrid – Almería Barcelona – Murcia – Cartagena/Lorca Madrid – Cáceres – Badajoz |
Renfe Class 334 Locomotive | Talgo Pendular | |
Madrid – Almería Barcelona – Murcia – Cartagena/Lorca Madrid – Valencia Madrid – Cáceres – Badajoz |
Renfe Class 252 Locomotive | Talgo Pendular |
High-Speed Long Distance Services
Service | Rolling stock | Route(s) | Image |
---|---|---|---|
AVE | Renfe Class 100 EMU |
Madrid – Sevilla Madrid – Alicante Madrid – Marseille[1] Barcelona – Toulouse[2] Barcelona – Lyon[3] |
|
Renfe Class 102 EMU |
Madrid – Huesca Madrid – Zaragoza Madrid – Valladolid Madrid – Málaga Valencia – Sevilla |
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Renfe Class 103 EMU |
Madrid – Barcelona Madrid – Málaga |
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Renfe Class 112 EMU |
Madrid – Cuenca – Valencia Madrid – Cuenca – Albacete Madrid – León Barcelona – Málaga Barcelona – Zaragoza Barcelona – Sevilla |
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Alvia (mixed high-speed & conventional service) |
Renfe Class 120 EMU |
Madrid – Pamplona Madrid – Logroño Madrid – Irún/Hendaya Madrid – Bilbao Madrid – Salamanca Barcelona – Irún Barcelona – Bilbao Barcelona – Pamplona Barcelona – Valladolid Torre del Oro: Barcelona – Valencia – Sevilla – Cádiz |
|
Renfe Class 130 EMU | Madrid – Gijón Madrid – Santander Alicante – Gijón Alicante – Santander Madrid – Cádiz Madrid – Huelva Madrid – Valencia – Castellón Madrid – Valencia – Gandía Barcelona – A Coruña Barcelona – Vigo Barcelona – Gijón Euromed: Barcelona – Valencia – Alicante |
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Renfe Class 730 HMU | Alicante – Madrid – Pontevedra Alicante – Madrid – A Coruña Madrid – Ferrol Madrid – Pontevedra Madrid – Ponferrada Madrid – Murcia Madrid – Badajoz |
Prototype rolling stock
Service | Rolling stock | Image |
---|---|---|
AVE | Renfe Class 105 EMU | |
AVE | Talgo AVRIL EMU |
Future rolling stock
Service | Rolling stock | Quantity |
---|---|---|
Ancho Metrico | Unknown Meter Gauge CAF EMU | 26 |
Unknown Meter Gauge CAF BMU | 5 | |
Cercanías | X'trapolis Coradia EMU | 152 |
FLIRT/KISS EMU | 59 | |
Unknown Meter Gauge CAF EMU | 6 | |
Media Distancia | Unknown Iberian Gauge CAF EMU | 28 |
AVE | Renfe Class 106 EMU | 30 |
Renfe Class 107 EMU | 13 |
Vehicles register numbers
All classes are designated by three numbers. The first digit has a special meaning:
- 1xx: High speed multiple unit
- 2xx: Electric locomotive
- 3xx: Diesel locomotive
- 4xx: Electric multiple unit (EMU)
- 5xx: Diesel multiple unit (DMU)
- 6xx: Hybrid locomotive
- 7xx: Hybrid multiple unit (HMU)
- 8xx: Trams which can run on railways
Tickets
See also
- Renfe Feve
- History of rail transport in Spain
- Rail transport in Spain
- Transport in Spain
- Madrid, Zaragoza and Alicante railway
Notes
- 1.^ Operated by CP in Portugal.
- 2.^ Managed by Elipsos under the brand Renfe-SNCF en Cooperación/en Coopération.
References
- ^ "Renfe cerró 2018 con un beneficio de 111 millones de euros" [Renfe closed 2018 with a profit of 111 million euros]. Rail Press News (in Spanish). 7 April 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "Renfe presenta otro plan de bajas voluntarias para 2018 de hasta 805 trabajadores" [Renfe presents another voluntary leave plan for 2018 of up to 805 workers]. ABC (in European Spanish). Madrid. 20 January 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "Renfe | Train Tickets & Routes | Book in English". Trainline. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "La Nueva Renfe" [The New Renfe]. Federación Castellano Manchega de Amigos del Ferrocarril (in Spanish). 11 January 2005.
- ^ "RENFE restructuring approved". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
- ^ Puente, Fernando. "Renfe confirms four subsidiary split". International Railway Journal. 2 July 2013. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
- ^ "Railway Gazette". Retrieved 11 June 2020.
- ^ Railway Gazette. "Railway Gazette".
- ^ a b "$276 million was spent on 31 Spanish trains before it was realized they were too big to fit in the tunnels". Business Insider. 12 February 2023.
- ^ Badcock, James. "Spain spends €258m to build trains too big for its tunnels". MSN. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
- ^ King, Chris (10 February 2023). "Cantabrian President demands heads of 'big shots' must roll over new trains not fitting through tunnels". Euro Weekly News. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
- ^ "Heads roll in- Spain over trains too wide for tunnels". Stuff/Fairfax. 2023.
- ^ European Commission, Commission accepts commitments by Renfe opening up competition in online rail ticketing in Spain, Press Release IP/24/201, published 17 January 2024