Riken

Coordinates: 35°46′49″N 139°36′45″E / 35.78028°N 139.61250°E / 35.78028; 139.61250
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Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (Riken)
理化学研究所 (理研)
Formation1917; 107 years ago (1917)
TypeDesignated National Research and Development Institute
HeadquartersWakō, Saitama Prefecture, Japan
Location
  • 7 campuses
Coordinates35°46′49″N 139°36′45″E / 35.78028°N 139.61250°E / 35.78028; 139.61250
AffiliationsAsian Research Network
Websitewww.riken.jp Edit this at Wikidata

Riken (

Designated National Research and Development Institute,[2] and was formerly an Independent Administrative Institution
.

Riken conducts research in various fields of science, including

Japanese government, with an annual budget of ¥100 billion (US$750 million) in FY2023.[4]

Name

"Riken" is an acronym of the formal name Rikagaku Kenkyūsho (理化学研究所), and its full name in Japanese is Kokuritsu Kenkyū Kaihatsu Hōjin Rikagaku Kenkyūsho (国立研究開発法人理化学研究所) and in English is the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research.

History

Taishō period
A 1938 ad for Riken Vitamin A

In 1913, the well-known scientist

Dairoku Kikuchi.[citation needed
]

In 1927, Viscount Masatoshi Ōkōchi, the third director, established the Riken Concern (a zaibatsu). This was a group of spin-off companies that used Riken's scientific achievements for commercial ends and returned the profits to Riken. At its peak in 1939 the zaibatsu comprised about 121 factories and 63 companies, including Riken Kankōshi, which is now Ricoh.[citation needed]

During

Japanese army's atomic bomb program was conducted at Riken. In April 1945 the US bombed Riken's laboratories in Komagome, and in November, after the end of the war, Allied soldiers destroyed its two cyclotrons.[citation needed
]

After the war, the Allies dissolved Riken as a private foundation, and it was brought back to life as a company called Kagaku Kenkyūsho (科学研究所), or Kaken (科研). In 1958 the Diet passed the Riken Law, whereby the institute returned to its original name and entered its third incarnation, as a public corporation (特殊法人, tokushu hōjin), funded by the government. In 1963 it relocated to a large site in modern day Wakō then until 1970 in Saitama Prefecture, just outside Tokyo.

Since the 1980s Riken has expanded dramatically. New labs, centers, and institutes have been established in Japan and overseas, including:

  • in 1984, the Life Science Center in Tsukuba
  • in 1995, the Muon Research Facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK
  • in 1997, the Harima Institute, the Brain Science Institute in Wako, and the center at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in the USA
  • in 1998, the Genomic Sciences Center
  • in 2000, the Yokohama Institute, which now contains four centers for research in the life sciences
  • in 2002, the Kobe Institute, which contains the Center for Developmental Biology

In October 2003, Riken's status changed again, to Independent Administrative Institution. As such, Riken is still publicly funded, and it is periodically evaluated by the government, but it has a higher degree of autonomy than before. Riken is regarded as the flagship research institute in Japan and conducts basic and applied experimental research in a wide range of science and technology fields including physics, chemistry, medical science, biology and engineering.[citation needed]

Riken was the subject of international attention in 2014 after the

Stimulus-triggered acquisition of pluripotency cell (also known as STAP) publication, investigation, retraction, and suicide of Yoshiki Sasai, the principal investigator.[citation needed
]

Organizational structure

Main Research Building in Wako
Advanced Institute for Computational Science in Kobe

The main divisions of Riken are listed here. Purely administrative divisions are omitted.

  • Headquarters (mostly in Wako)
  • Wako Branch
    • Center for Emergent Matter Science (research on new materials for reduced power consumption)
    • Center for Sustainable Resource Science (research toward a sustainable society)
    • Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science (site of the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory, a heavy-ion accelerator complex)
    • Center for Brain Science
    • Center for Advanced Photonics (research on photonics including terahertz radiation)
    • Research Cluster for Innovation
    • Cluster for Pioneering Research (chief scientists)
    • Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program
  • Tokyo Branch
  • Tsukuba Branch
    • BioResource Research Center
  • Harima Institute
  • Yokohama Branch (site of the Yokohama
    Nuclear magnetic resonance
    facility)
    • Center for Sustainable Resource Science
    • Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (research toward personalized medicine)
    • Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (also based in Kobe and Osaka) [5]
    • Program for Drug Discovery and Medical Technology Platform
    • Structural Biology Laboratory
    • Sugiyama Laboratory
  • Kobe Branch

Achievements

List of presidents

Notable scientists and affiliated people

See also

  • RIKEN integrated database of mammals

References

  1. ^ "Introduction to RIKEN (2019)". Riken. Archived from the original on 2021-06-06. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  2. ^ "MEXT" (PDF).
  3. ^ "Partnerships | RIKEN". www.riken.jp. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
  4. ^ "人員・予算 | 理化学研究所". www.riken.jp. Retrieved 2024-02-17.
  5. ^ Organisational changes are underway in 2018 with some laboratories joining the Center for Integrative Medical Sciences
  6. ^ Futura-Sciences. "Record : un laser X avec une longueur d'onde de 1,2 angström". Futura-Sciences. Retrieved 2016-04-05.
  7. ^ "Search for element 113 concluded at last". www.sciencecodex.com. 26 September 2012. Retrieved 2016-04-05.
  8. ^ "Discovery Of Element 113 By RIKEN Scientists Completes 7th Row Of Periodic Table". Tech Times. 2016-01-05. Retrieved 2016-04-05.
  9. ^ "Japanese 'K' Computer Is Ranked Most Powerful". The New York Times. 20 June 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2011.
  10. ^ "Japan Reclaims Top Ranking on Latest TOP500 List of World's Supercomputers", top500.org, archived from the original on June 23, 2011, retrieved June 20, 2011
  11. ^ "K computer, SPARC64 VIIIfx 2.0GHz, Tofu interconnect", top500.org, archived from the original on June 23, 2011, retrieved June 20, 2011
  12. ^ "Supercomputer "K computer" Takes First Place in World". RIKEN. Archived from the original on 11 March 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2011.
  13. ^ "With 16 petaflops and 1.6M cores, DOE supercomputer is world's fastest". Ars Technica. 18 June 2012. Retrieved 2016-04-05.
  14. ^ Hiroshi Matsumoto takes helm at Riken, retrieved 7 April 2015
  15. ^ "Makoto Gonokami takes office as President of RIKEN" (Press release). RIKEN. 1 April 2022. Retrieved 2022-08-18.
  16. S2CID 2557966
    .

External links

  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata (in English and Japanese)
  • Riken Research (in English and Japanese) – A resource for up-to-date information on key achievements of Riken researchers.
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