Energia (corporation)

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S. P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia
Founded26 August 1946; 77 years ago (1946-08-26)[1]
FoundersSergei Korolev
Headquarters
Korolyov, Moscow Oblast
,
Russia
ProductsBallistic missiles, Launch vehicles, Satellites, Spacecraft, Space stations
RevenueUS$726 million[2] (2017)
US$37.8 million[2] (2017)
US$21.1 million[2] (2017)
Total assetsUS$1.97 billion[2] (2017)
Total equityUS$65.3 million[2] (2017)
OwnerUnited Rocket and Space Corporation (38.2%)[3]
Number of employees
7,791 (2017) Edit this on Wikidata
Websitewww.energia.ru/english/

PAO S. P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia (Russian: Ракетно-космическая корпорация «Энергия» им. С. П. Королёва, romanized: Raketno-kosmicheskaya korporatsiya "Energiya" im. S. P. Korolyova), also known as RSC Energia (РКК «Энергия», RKK "Energiya"), is a Russian manufacturer of spacecraft and space station components. The company is the prime developer and contractor of the Russian crewed spaceflight program; it also owns a majority of Sea Launch.[4] Its name is derived from Sergei Korolev, the first chief of its design bureau, and the Russian word for energy.

Overview

Energia is the largest company of the

Russian space industry and one of its key players. It is responsible for all operations involving human spaceflight and is the lead developer of the Soyuz and Progress spacecraft, and the lead developer of the Russian end of the International Space Station (ISS). In the mid-2000s, the company employed 22,000–30,000 people.[5]

The enterprise has been awarded 4

cosmonauts employed by the company have been awarded the title "Hero of the Russian Federation".[6]

Structure

Prime Minister Vladimir Putin in the museum of the Energia Rocket and Space Corporation

The company consists of the following subsidiaries and branches:[6]

  • Primary Design Bureau
  • Baikonur branch
  • ZAO Experimental Machine-building Plant
  • ZAO Volzhskoye DB
  • ZAO PO Kosmos

As of 2009, 38% of the company's stock was owned by the Russian state.[6]

History

The company was founded on 26 August 1946[1][a] and has been known successively as:

  • Special
    NII-88
    )
  • TsKBEM (Central Design Bureau of Experimental Machine Building) [7]
  • NPO Energia
  • S. P. Korolev RSC Energia.

It is named after the first chief of its design bureau

Nikolai Sevastianov (2005–2007). Its President and Chief designer was Vitaly Lopota, until 1 August 2014.[8]

Korolev's design bureau was, beginning with the first artificial satellite

Soyuz rocket, the N1 "Moon Shot" rocket, large parts of the Salyut space station program, the uncrewed Progress resupply craft and designed the Energia rocket for the Buran space shuttle program. Since the early beginnings of the Luna programme it designed many space probes, among others of the Venera, Zond and Mars program
.

The company continues to dominate a large part of the Russian space program, and a considerable part of the World's space program, with its Soyuz spacecraft having become the only crewed spacecraft conducting regular flights and the exclusive crew transport vehicle for the International Space Station from the Space Shuttle retirement in 2011 and until the maiden flight of Crew Dragon Endeavour in 2020. The Chinese

Shenzhou program
is the only other program in the world with planned semi-regular crewed spaceflights.

The President of

Vitaly Lopota, was removed from his post as president on August 1, 2014. Dmitry Rogozin indicated that this was the start of "long-awaited personnel reform in [the Russian] space industry... Tough times require tough decisions".[8] Lopota was offered the position of vice president for technological development in the United Rocket and Space Corporation,[8] the new company formed in 2013 to re-nationalize the Russian space industry.[10]

Ongoing projects

Future projects

  1. Modernization of "Soyuz TMA" spacecraft for human circum-lunar missions – pending commercial orders for space tourism.
  2. Development of "
    Progress M
    cargo spacecraft).
  3. Development of multi-aimed
    Orel spacecraft (instead of abandoned Kliper
    project) for six persons.

Historic projects

Over the years the products of Energia and its predecessors included:

IRBMs and ICBMs

Including meteorological rockets as their modifications:

Launch vehicles

Research, observation and communication Earth satellites

Deep Space exploration spacecraft

Cargo spacecraft

Crewed spacecraft

Earth space stations

Lunar orbital spacecraft

  • Soyuz A
  • Soyuz 7K-L1
  • Soyuz 7K-L3
    with Lunar Landing Module (as a part of N1-L3 lunar complex).

Committee of innovative youth projects

KIPM logo

Committee of Innovative Youth Projects (Russian: Комитет инновационных проектов молодежи) also known as KIPM of RSC Energia is a network structure that unites specialists and heads of different divisions to quickly develop and launch innovative products. KIPM was established in early 2016 on the initiative of a group of young engineers from the RSC Energia. The main task of the new structure is to give young specialists the opportunity to realize their creative ideas. The main criterion for projects selecting is their potential demand in the market.

Currently KIPM work on five projects:

  • Unmanned aerial vehicle remote power supply
  • 1U-6U Cubesat Deployer
  • Parachute system with an elastic linkage and tandem cargo separation
  • Assembly of lunar expedition complex at LEO
  • Hardware and software system for space experiments onboard crewed space station.

See also

Note

  1. ^ The book "Rockets and People" Volume 2, p. 16, give the founding day as 16 August.

References

  1. ^ a b "S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia". Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d e Error: Unable to display the reference properly. See the documentation for details.
  3. ^ "Список аффилированных лиц". e-disclosure.ru. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
  4. ^ "Business briefs". Archived from the original on 12 November 2010. Retrieved 10 November 2010.
  5. ISBN 978-0-387-71354-0
    .
  6. ^ a b c "OAO Rocket and Space Corporation Energia after S.P. Korolev". OAO Energia. Archived from the original on 11 July 2016. Retrieved 5 October 2009.
  7. ^ "Tragic Tangle". System Failure Case Studies. 4 (10). NASA. 2010. Archived from the original on 8 April 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2012. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  8. ^ a b c "Chief of RSC Energia removed from his post". Space Digest. 2 August 2014. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 3 August 2014.
  9. ^ "Almaz". RussianSpaceWeb.com.
  10. ^ Messier, Doug (9 October 2013). "Rogozin Outlines Plans for Consolidating Russia's Space Industry". Parabolic Arc. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2014.
  11. ^ "Russia To Spend US2 Billion Dollars For Space Clean-Up". Retrieved 24 November 2010.

External links

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