Raša (river)
Raša | |
---|---|
Location | |
Country | Croatia |
Physical characteristics | |
Source | |
• location | Near Pićan |
Mouth | |
• location | Adriatic Sea |
• coordinates | 45°01′59″N 14°02′50″E / 45.0330°N 14.0471°E |
Length | 23 km (14 mi)[1] |
Basin size | 279 km2 (108 sq mi)[1] |
Basin features | |
Tributaries | |
• left | Krapanski Potok |
• right | Karbuna |
The Raša (
. It is 23 kilometres (14 mi) long, and its basin covers an area of 279 km2 (108 sq mi).[1] Its mouth is in the long ria of Raša Bay (Croatian: Raški zaljev, formerly Italian: Porto d'Arsia), which is a drowned river valley scoured out when world sea levels fell, then drowned by the rising waters of the post-glacial era. The Raša rises in springs near Pićan and flows south through a steep-sided valley before opening into the head of the Adriatic Sea.[2] The river, although short in length, has an ancient history as a border.[3]Border river
By Roman times, the Arsia, as it was called in Latin, constituted the border between the
Italia and its regio X, from Illyricum, according to the divisions ratified by Augustus.[7] The 8th-century Irish monk and geographer Dicuil, following his late Latin sources for the geographical summary De mensura Orbis terrae, gives the northeastern boundary of Italia as flumen Arsia.[8]
The
Roman road Via Flavia, reaching from Tergeste (Trieste) into Istria came to an end at the crossing of the Arsia; beyond, it continued into Dalmatia as a local road that linked to Via Gemina
.
In the early 10th century
patriarchs of Aquileia.[4] After centuries of Venetian rule over all of Istria to the Raša,[10] the Raša became the border between Napoleon's Kingdom of Italy and the Austrian Empire;[4][11]
following Napoleon's downfall, Austria gained all of Istria and the river became the border between two Austrian provinces.
The planned city of
wetlands to gain arable land for farming and to serve expanding coal mining operations, as part of Mussolini's urban colonization and Italianization of Istria. The village of Barban
is the other major settlement near the river.
References
- ^ a b c "Karakteristike značajnijih vodotoka". Vodnogospodarska osnova Hrvatske - Strategija upravljanja vodama (in Croatian). Croatian Parliament. Retrieved 2011-12-18.
- ^ Map.
- ^ Shepherd, William. Historical Atlas. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1911: "Ancient Italy, Northern Part"
- ^ a b c d "The Town and River Raša [Arsia]". Extract from Marijan Milevoj, Postcards from Labin / Kartulini z Labinscini (Postcards from Labin), English tr. by Valter Kvalić, Naklada Matthias (Labin, 1997), pp. 59–66. istrianet.org. Archived from the original on 2007-06-16. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
Florus Epitome of Livy, book II.5 mentions the Liburnians or Illyrians (he does not distinguish between them) who live at the foot of the last slopes of the Alps, between the rivers Arsia and Titius, their territories extending far down the Adriatic coast.
- ^ William Smith, A New Classical Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography, Mythology and Geography, (New York, 1880) s.v. "Illyricum".
- ^ H. H. Scullard, A History of the Roman World, 753 to 146 BC 3rd ed. 1961, p. 296.
- Divisio orbis terrarum, Claude Nicolet observes, in Space, Geography, and Politics in the early Roman Empire, 1991, p. 106; Shepherd, William. Historical Atlas. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1911: "The Roman Empire about 395: Diocese of Italy: 1. Venetia and Istria, 11. Dalmatia".
- ^ 1.8. "Jtalia finitur... a Septentrione, mari Adriatico et flumine Arsia" (Dicuil, Dicvili Liber de mensura orbis terrae Gustav Parthey, ed., (1870:8).
- ^ See Tomislav of Croatia; compare Shepherd, William. Historical Atlas. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1911: "Italy about 1050" for the March of Istria's eastern border on the Raša.
- ^ See, for example the eastern border of Venetian territory (green) in Shepherd, William. Historical Atlas. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1911: "Central Europe in 1378 "; Gorizia (gray) is marked "To Görz."
- ^ Shepherd, William. Historical Atlas. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1911: "Germany and Italy in 1806".