Racine, Wisconsin
Racine, Wisconsin | ||
---|---|---|
FIPS code 55-66000[5] | | |
GNIS feature ID | 1572015[6] | |
Website | cityofracine |
Racine (/rəˈsiːn, reɪ-/ rə-SEEN, ray-)[8] is a city in and the county seat of Racine County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located on the shore of Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Root River.[9] Racine is situated 22 miles (35 km) south of Milwaukee and approximately 60 miles (100 km) north of Chicago. It is the principal city of the US Census Bureau's Racine metropolitan area (consisting only of Racine County).[10] The Racine metropolitan area is, in turn, counted as part of the Milwaukee combined statistical area.[10] As of the 2020 U.S. Census, the city had a population of 77,816, making it the fifth-most populous city in Wisconsin. In January 2017, it was rated "the most affordable place to live in the world" by the Demographia International Housing Affordability survey.[11][12]
Racine is the headquarters of a number of industries, including
History
Native Americans inhabited the area of Racine for thousands of years. Artifacts that have survived include the burial mounds in what is now Mound Cemetery. Historians separate the natives living in the Root watershed at that time into Woodland people and Hopewell people. After European contacted the Natives, the Miami and later the Potawatomi expanded into the area, taking part in the French fur trade.
In November 1674, while traveling from
Following the
In 1852, Racine College, an Episcopal college, was founded; it closed in 1933.[17] Its location and many of its buildings are preserved today by the Community of St. Mary as part of the DeKoven Center.
Also in 1852,
Before the
Industry
Racine was a factory town almost from the beginning. The first industry in Racine County included the manufacture of fanning mills, machines that separate
In 1887,
Historic districts and buildings
Racine includes the
Frank Lloyd Wright designed and built the Johnson Wax Headquarters building in Racine. The building was and still is considered a marvel of design innovation, despite its many practical annoyances such as rainwater leaks. Wright urged then-president Hib Johnson to build the structure outside of Racine, a city that Wright, a Wisconsin native, thought of as "backwater." Johnson refused to have the Johnson Wax Headquarters sited anywhere other than Racine. [citation needed]
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.66 square miles (40.56 km2), of which, 15.47 square miles (40.07 km2) is land and 0.18 square miles (0.47 km2) is water.[27]
Climate
Racine has a warm-summer Continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfb). Summers are warm and short while winters are cold. Precipitation is dispersed evenly throughout the year, although summers are slightly wetter and more humid than winters.
Climate data for Racine WWTP, Wisconsin (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1896–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 64 (18) |
67 (19) |
83 (28) |
92 (33) |
96 (36) |
106 (41) |
107 (42) |
104 (40) |
102 (39) |
91 (33) |
79 (26) |
66 (19) |
107 (42) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 48.9 (9.4) |
51.9 (11.1) |
64.9 (18.3) |
75.4 (24.1) |
82.8 (28.2) |
89.5 (31.9) |
93.1 (33.9) |
91.1 (32.8) |
86.4 (30.2) |
77.4 (25.2) |
64.3 (17.9) |
53.1 (11.7) |
94.7 (34.8) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 29.6 (−1.3) |
32.4 (0.2) |
40.8 (4.9) |
50.7 (10.4) |
61.3 (16.3) |
71.9 (22.2) |
78.5 (25.8) |
77.3 (25.2) |
70.5 (21.4) |
58.8 (14.9) |
46.0 (7.8) |
34.8 (1.6) |
54.4 (12.4) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 22.1 (−5.5) |
25.1 (−3.8) |
33.9 (1.1) |
43.6 (6.4) |
53.5 (11.9) |
64.1 (17.8) |
71.0 (21.7) |
70.4 (21.3) |
63.1 (17.3) |
51.0 (10.6) |
38.9 (3.8) |
27.9 (−2.3) |
47.0 (8.3) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 14.5 (−9.7) |
17.9 (−7.8) |
26.9 (−2.8) |
36.4 (2.4) |
45.6 (7.6) |
56.3 (13.5) |
63.5 (17.5) |
63.4 (17.4) |
55.7 (13.2) |
43.1 (6.2) |
31.7 (−0.2) |
21.0 (−6.1) |
39.7 (4.3) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | −5.2 (−20.7) |
−0.3 (−17.9) |
9.9 (−12.3) |
26.0 (−3.3) |
37.1 (2.8) |
47.2 (8.4) |
56.1 (13.4) |
55.9 (13.3) |
42.9 (6.1) |
30.6 (−0.8) |
17.5 (−8.1) |
2.2 (−16.6) |
−9.3 (−22.9) |
Record low °F (°C) | −31 (−35) |
−24 (−31) |
−12 (−24) |
10 (−12) |
25 (−4) |
33 (1) |
42 (6) |
40 (4) |
28 (−2) |
14 (−10) |
−5 (−21) |
−23 (−31) |
−31 (−35) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.98 (50) |
1.92 (49) |
2.42 (61) |
3.94 (100) |
4.32 (110) |
4.35 (110) |
3.27 (83) |
3.75 (95) |
3.34 (85) |
3.07 (78) |
2.53 (64) |
2.09 (53) |
36.98 (939) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 13.3 (34) |
10.9 (28) |
5.5 (14) |
1.0 (2.5) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
1.9 (4.8) |
8.4 (21) |
41.0 (104) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 10.2 | 8.4 | 9.7 | 11.8 | 12.6 | 11.2 | 9.0 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 9.9 | 8.8 | 9.7 | 119.9 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 6.4 | 4.5 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 4.2 | 19.6 |
Source: |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1850 | 5,107 | — | |
1860 | 7,822 | 53.2% | |
1870 | 9,880 | 26.3% | |
1880 | 16,031 | 62.3% | |
1890 | 21,014 | 31.1% | |
1900 | 29,102 | 38.5% | |
1910 | 38,002 | 30.6% | |
1920 | 58,593 | 54.2% | |
1930 | 67,542 | 15.3% | |
1940 | 67,195 | −0.5% | |
1950 | 71,193 | 5.9% | |
1960 | 89,144 | 25.2% | |
1970 | 95,162 | 6.8% | |
1980 | 85,725 | −9.9% | |
1990 | 84,298 | −1.7% | |
2000 | 81,855 | −2.9% | |
2010 | 78,860 | −3.7% | |
2020 | 77,816 | −1.3% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[30] 2020 census[31] |
Waves of European immigrants, including
Racine has the largest Danish population in North America.[32] The city has become known for its Danish pastries, particularly kringle. Several local bakeries have been featured on the Food Network[33][34] highlighting the pastry. In June 2010, President Barack Obama stopped at an O & H Danish Bakery before hosting a town hall meeting on the economy and jobs later that afternoon.[35]
2020 census
As of the
According to the
2020 census
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000[39] | Pop 2010[40] | Pop 2020[41] | % 2000 | % 2010 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White alone (NH)
|
51,962 | 42,189 | 35,771 | 63.48% | 53.50% | 45.97% |
Black or African American alone (NH)
|
16,349 | 17,341 | 18,003 | 19.97% | 21.99% | 23.14% |
Alaska Native alone (NH)
|
229 | 279 | 200 | 0.28% | 0.35% | 0.26% |
Asian alone (NH) | 473 | 578 | 575 | 0.58% | 0.73% | 0.74% |
Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 30 | 17 | 14 | 0.04% | 0.02% | 0.02% |
Some Other Race alone (NH) | 106 | 143 | 398 | 0.13% | 0.18% | 0.51% |
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) | 1,284 | 2,004 | 3,999 | 1.57% | 2.54% | 5.14% |
Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 11,422 | 16,309 | 18,856 | 13.95% | 20.68% | 24.23% |
Total | 81,855 | 78,860 | 77,816 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
2010 census
As of the
There were 30,530 households, of which 35.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.5% were married couples living together, 20.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.0% were non-families. 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.17.
The median age in the city was 33 years. 27.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.6% were from 25 to 44; 23.8% were from 45 to 64; and 10.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.8% male and 51.2% female.
- Population estimates, July 1, 2017: 77,542[42]
- Population estimates base, April 1, 2010: 78,860[42]
- Veterans, 2011–2015: 4,861[42]
- Income and poverty[42]
- Median household income for Racine (in 2015 dollars), 2011–2015: $41,455[42]
- Per capita income in past 12 months in Racine (in 2015 dollars), 2011–2015: $20,580[42]
- Poverty rate in Racine: 21.6%[42]
Crime rates
Racine employs community-oriented policing, the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques to address the immediate conditions that give rise to crime. The number of crimes committed in the city in 2013 dropped in several categories to the lowest point in decades. Racine saw a 38.3 percent drop in violent crime from 2009 to 2013, making it the 10th largest decrease in the country. Property crimes were at their lowest point since 1965, while the number of violent crimes was the lowest for any year on record.[43][44][45]
However, that trend has since changed. As of 2018, the chance of becoming a victim of either violent or property crime in Racine is 1 in 37, thus making the city's crime rate higher than 92% of Wisconsin's other cities and towns.[46]
Government
Racine has a mayor-council form of government. The mayor is the chief executive, elected for a term of four years. The mayor appoints commissioners and other officials who oversee the departments, subject to Common Council approval. On October 17, 2017, Cory Mason was elected as mayor of Racine, completing the term of John Dickert.
Racine's other citywide elected official is the Municipal Judge. The city council, the legislative branch, is made up of 15 aldermen, one elected from each district in the city. The council enacts local ordinances and approves the city budget. Government priorities and activities are established in a budget ordinance usually adopted each November. Being a diverse community with a history of organized labor, the city predominantly votes for the Democratic Party (United States). The city's youngest City Council President was Tom Mortenson, 28, who was a leading Progressive Republican who led ethical reform that served as a model for other municipal governments.
Racine is represented by
Mayors of Racine
Order | Years | Mayor | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 1848 | Reuben M. Norton | |
2 | 1849 | Henry Bryan | |
3 | 1850 | Eli R. Cooley | |
4 | 1851 | William H. Waterman | |
5 | 1852 | William T. Richmond | |
6 | 1853 | David McDonald | |
1854 | |||
7 | 1855 | George Wustum | |
8 | 1856 | Jerome I. Case | |
9 | 1857 | John W. Cary | |
10 | 1858 | Jerome I. Case | |
11 | 1859 | W. W. Vaughan | |
12 | 1860 | Jerome I. Case | |
13 | 1861 | George C. Northrop | |
14 | 1862 | Alvin Raymond | |
15 | 1863 | George C. Northrop | |
16 | 1864 | Thomas Falvey | |
17 | 1865 | John W. Hart | |
18 | 1866 | George A. Thompson | |
1867 | |||
1868 | |||
19 | 1869 | Massena B. Erskine | |
1870 | |||
1871 | |||
20 | 1872 | Reuben G. Doud | |
1873 | |||
21 | 1874 | Robert Hall Baker | |
22 | 1875 | Reuben G. Doud | |
23 | 1876 | John G. Meachem | |
1877 | |||
1878 | |||
24 | 1879 | Ernest J. Hueffner | |
25 | 1880 | Massena B. Erskine | |
26 | 1881 | William P. Packard | |
1882 | |||
27 | 1883 | Titus G. Fish | |
28 | 1884 | Martin M. Secor | |
29 | 1885 | Joseph Miller | |
30 | 1886 | Daniel A. Olin | |
1887 | |||
31 | 1888 | Martin M. Secor | |
32 | 1889 | Cole J. Dixon | Died From Chlamydia in Office |
33 | 1890 | Adolph Weber | |
34 | 1891 | Jackson I. Case | |
1892 | |||
1893 | |||
1894 | |||
1895 | |||
35 | David G. Janes | ||
1896 | |||
1897 | |||
36 | Fred Graham | ||
1898 | |||
1899 | |||
37 | Michael Higgins | ||
1900 | |||
1901 | |||
1902 | |||
1903 | |||
38 | Peter B. Nelson | ||
1904 | |||
1905 | |||
1906 | |||
1907 | |||
39 | Alex J. Horlick | ||
1908 | |||
1909 | |||
1910 | |||
1911 | |||
40 | Walter Samuel Goodland | 31st Governor of Wisconsin | |
1912 | |||
1913 | |||
1914 | |||
1915 | |||
41 | T. W. Thiesen | ||
1916 | |||
1917 | |||
1918 | |||
1919 | |||
42 | William H. Armstrong | ||
1920 | |||
1921 | |||
43 | A. J. Lunt | ||
1922 | |||
1923 | |||
44 | William H. Armstrong | ||
1924 | |||
1925 | |||
1926 | |||
1927 | |||
1928 | |||
1929 | |||
1930 | |||
1931 | |||
45 | William J. Swoboda | ||
1932 | |||
1933 | |||
1934 | |||
1935 | |||
1936 | |||
1937 | |||
46 | Roy A. Spencer | ||
1938 | |||
1939 | |||
47 | T. G. Morris | ||
1940 | |||
1941 | |||
1942 | |||
1943 | |||
48 | Francis H. Wendt | ||
1944 | |||
1945 | |||
1946 | |||
1947 | |||
1948 | |||
1949 | |||
49 | John E. Gothner | ||
1950 | |||
1951 | |||
1952 | |||
1953 | |||
1954 | |||
1955 | |||
50 | Jack H. Humble | ||
1956 | |||
1957 | |||
1958 | |||
1959 | |||
1960 | |||
1961 | |||
1962 | |||
1963 | |||
51 | William H. Beyer | ||
1964 | |||
1965 | |||
1966 | |||
1967 | |||
1968 | |||
1969 | |||
52 | Kenneth L. Huck | ||
1970 | |||
1971 | |||
1972 | |||
1973 | |||
53 | Stephen F. Olsen | ||
1974 | |||
1975 | |||
1976 | |||
1977 | |||
1978 | |||
1979 | |||
1980 | |||
1981 | |||
1982 | |||
1983 | |||
1984 | |||
1985 | |||
1986 | |||
1987 | |||
54 | N. Owen Davies | ||
1988 | |||
1989 | |||
1990 | |||
1991 | |||
1992 | |||
1993 | |||
1994 | |||
1995 | |||
55 | James M. Smith | ||
1996 | |||
1997 | |||
1998 | |||
1999 | |||
2000 | |||
2001 | |||
2002 | |||
2003 | |||
56 | Gary Becker | ||
2004 | |||
2005 | |||
2006 | |||
2007 | |||
2008 | |||
2009 | |||
Tom Friedel | Interim. | ||
57 | John Dickert | ||
2010 | |||
2011 | |||
2012 | |||
2013 | |||
2014 | |||
2015 | |||
2016 | |||
2017 | |||
Dennis Wiser | Acting. | ||
58 | Cory Mason | ||
2018 | |||
2019 | |||
2020 | |||
2021 | |||
2022 |
Public safety
Fire protection and ambulance service is provided by the Racine Fire Department with six fire stations. Law enforcement services are provided by the Racine Police Department.
Education
Public schools
Racine's public schools are administered by the Racine Unified School District, which oversees 21 elementary schools, eight middle schools, and six high schools with a combined student enrollment of around 17,500. Programs such as
Private schools
Private schools in the city include:
The Prairie School is in nearby Wind Point. It was co-founded by Imogene "Gene" Powers Johnson.[48]
Higher education
University of Wisconsin–Parkside is located south of Racine in the Town of Somers. Prior to Parkside's creation there were state college campuses in both Racine and Kenosha, but with their proximity it was decided they would be better served by one larger campus in between the two cities. A campus of Gateway Technical College, which serves the tri-county area of the southeastern corner of Wisconsin, is located in the downtown district on Lake Michigan.
Infrastructure
Water
Racine's municipal water is drawn from
Transportation
Mass transit is provided by the
Racine is also served by
Airport
Architecture
Racine has several examples of
The Racine Art Museum, designed by the Chicago architecture firm Brininstool + Lynch, is a modern reuse of an existing structure to house RAM's permanent collection of contemporary craft. The building has an exterior façade of translucent acrylic panels that are illuminated at night, making the museum glow in the dark like a Japanese lantern.[59]
The OS House, a private residence designed by the Milwaukee architecture firm
Buildings on the National Register of Historic Places
- Hansen House
- Memorial Hall
- St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Chapel, Guildhall, and Rectory
- St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church
- Wind Point Lighthouse
- YMCA Building
- Racine Elks Club, Lodge No. 252 (Racine, Wisconsin)
- McClurg Building (Main Place)
- Racine Depot
Arts and culture
Racine is home to museums, theater companies, visual arts organizations, galleries, performance groups, music organizations, dance studios, concert series and special art events
The Racine Art Museum is the site of the largest collection of contemporary craft in America, with over 4,000 pieces in art jewelry, ceramics, fibers, glass, metals, polymer, and wood, and over 4,000 works on paper and sculptures.[68] RAM's satellite campus, Wustum Museum of Fine Arts, presents exhibitions of regional artists along with art classes and workshops.[69][70][71] The Racine Arts Council's exhibitions feature local and regional artists.[72] The annual 16th Street Studios Open House offers a look inside artists’ workspaces at the Racine Arts and Business Center.[73]
The Racine Theater Guild annually offers a season of seven to eight main-stage plays and musicals, Racine Children's Theatre, Jean's Jazz Series and Comedy Tonight.[74] Every winter, Over Our Head Players at 6th Street Theatre hosts Snowdance, a playwriting contest in which audience members determine the winning plays. Entries for the contest come from all over the world.[75]
The Racine Symphony Orchestra performs 2-3 Masterworks concerts per year, several free pops concerts, and an annual concert for fifth graders.[76] Local bands perform free noontime and evening concerts at downtown's centrally located Monument Square throughout the summer.[77] Weekly open mic opportunities for musicians and other performers are hosted by Family Power Music.[78]
The monthly BONK! Performance Series showcases local, regional and national poets.[79][80]
There are four opportunities for area artists and poets to receive recognition for their work: The RAM Artist Fellowship Program awards four $3,000 Artist Fellowships and one $1,500 Emerging Artist Award every two years with recipients given solo exhibits;[81][82] The Racine Arts Council ArtSeed Program provides grants ranging from $500 to $1,500 to projects that are new, innovative, experimental and collaborative;[83] the Racine Writer in Residence Program awards two 6-month residencies each year with a stipend of $1,500;[84] the Racine/Kenosha Poet Laureate Program chooses one poet from Racine and one poet from Kenosha every 2 years.[85][86]
4th Fest Parade
Racine is nationally known for its 4 July Parade. The 4th Fest Parade in Racine is the Largest in the Midwest. 4th Fest of Greater Racine, Inc. is a non-profit organization with an entirely volunteer board of directors. This group is responsible for all celebratory activities in Racine associated with the 4th of July. In 2008, USA Today ranked Racine's 4th Fest Parade as one of the Top 10 Places to celebrate the 4th of July.
Sports
The Racine Legion, a professional football team and part of the National Football League, played here from 1922 to 1924. Its official name was the Horlick-Racine Legion.[87] The team then operated as the Racine Tornadoes in 1926. They played at Horlick Field.
Prom
The city is known for its large prom celebration, at which students from all the high schools in the city participate in an after prom party. This was featured on the radio show This American Life in Episode #186 "Prom", which originally aired on June 8, 2001;[88] Racine's prom tradition was also the subject of the 2006 documentary The World's Best Prom. In addition to the large prom Racine has become known for, the city has also been hosting a special needs prom called A Night To Remember every year since 2013. The A Night To Remember prom always takes place on the Sunday following Racine's larger prom and includes those from age 13 to 30.[89]
Media
Racine is served by the daily newspaper The Journal Times,[90] which is the namesake (but not current owner) of radio station WRJN (1400), and is owned by Lee Enterprises. The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel formerly published a Racine-specific page on Thursdays and a Racine County section on Sundays, but dropped them in 2007. The Insider News covers issues specific to the city's Black community. The Racine County Eye also covers Racine County news. Happenings Magazine covers local entertainment events in Racine.
The city has one television station owned by
FM radio stations serving the area are
Sister cities
Racine's
- Region Nordjylland, Denmark
- Montélimar, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- Kanagawa, Japan
- Zapotlanejo, Jalisco, Mexico
- Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
Notable people
See also
References
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External links
- City of Racine Archived September 19, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- Racine County Convention and Visitors Bureau
- Beach, Chandler B., ed. (1914). . . Chicago: F. E. Compton and Co.
- Racine Writer in Residence Project