RTSH
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Type | Public broadcasting |
---|---|
Country | |
Availability | Worldwide |
Headquarters | Rruga Ismail Qemali 11, 1010, Tirana, Albania |
Owner | Albanian State |
Key people | Alfred Peza (General director) |
Launch date | 28 November 1938(radio) 29 April 1960 (television) |
Former names | Radiodifuzioni Shqiptar |
Webcast | Listen Live |
Official website | www |
Radio Televizioni Shqiptar (Albanian: [ˈɾadiɔ tɛlɛviziˈɔni ʃcipˈtaɾ]; English: "Albanian Radio and Television"; mostly called RTSH [ɾətəˈʃə]) is the national public broadcasting company of Albania. Founded in 1938, it operates several radio and television channels, over a domestic transmitter network as well as satellite. The international television service via satellite RTSH Sat (former TVSH Sat) was launched in 1993 and is aimed at Albanian-speaking communities in Kosovo, Serbia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, and northern Greece, plus the Albanian diaspora in the rest of Europe. RTSH is funded by a combination of commercial advertising, an annual licence fee of US$10.00[1] and grant-in-aid from the Albanian government.
There are 12 TV channels in the first multiplexer and 11 radio channels. RTSH also runs a Satellite Multiplexer with 7 channels. RTSH 1 is the flagship generalist channel. RTSH 2 is dedicated niche communities, including cultural and ethnic minorities, broadcasting news editions in Greek, Montenegrin and Aromanian. RTSH 3 is dedicated to Albanians living abroad. RTSH also has dedicated channels, for news (RTSH-24), sports, music, children, etc. In addition, four regional radio and TV stations serve local areas in
The international radio service broadcasts radio programmes in Albanian and seven other languages via Internet Radio, Radio on the Satellite and on OTT with an App for both iOS and Android.
The broadcaster is an active member of the European Broadcasting Union.[3] It organises the music competition Festivali i Këngës, which has been broadcast every year since its inauguration in 1962. Since 2003, Festivali i Këngës has also determined Albania's representative in the Eurovision Song Contest.
History
Early development
The beginnings of RTSH date to the creation of Radio Tirana on 28 November 1938. The first Albanian radio station was launched by
A year earlier, a shortwave
In 1959, Radio Tirana's director by that time, Petro Kita, founded the first Experimental Television Centre to provide the basis for the latter Albanian television, TVSH. The first test programme was held on 29 April 1960, at 6:00 pm and was introduced by the journalist Stoli Beli. The official launch was set for 1 May 1960. Children movies and then adults’ programmes were broadcast, three times a week for about one hour.[5] Television programs were regularly launched by 1971.[6] Color broadcasts started in 1981, and became regular by 1982. In 2002 TVSH ranked second with an audience share of 17.1%. The second channel, TVSH 2, began experimental broadcasts in 2003. In 2012, several digital only channels were launched by RTSH.
Communist period
Despite the country's small size and isolationist policies, Radio Tirana was a fairly major international broadcaster during the Cold War. Its programmes had a reputation for being little more than dull propaganda.
During Albania's alliance with China in the 1960s and 1970s, Radio Tirana had to walk a fine line between being anti-
Polish Communist Kazimierz Mijal (1910–2010) broadcast his radical opinions in Polish 1966–1978.
During the 1970s, the station broadcast to Europe on 1214 kHz, causing interference problems for the British
In 1985, it broadcast only 2.5 hours per day. It opened at 20:00 and closed at 22:30. Later, in 1986, it broadcast each day for 4 hours, from 17:00 to 18:30 and 20:00 to 22:30. Most of the programming during the communist era consisted of propaganda and news programs.
Political programming predominated during this period. Features included Marxism-Leninism – an Ever-Young and Scientific Doctrine and Socialism and the Youth. The feature Leafing Through the Marxist-Leninist Press reviewed the journals of foreign communist parties allied to the
The interval signal of Radio Tirana during this period was the first few bars of the Albanian revolutionary song With a Pickaxe in One Hand and a Rifle in the Other (Albanian: Në njërën dorë kazmën në tjetrën pushkën). This song also served as the signature tune of Radio Tirana's foreign language broadcasts. The pickaxe and rifle were part of the logo of Albanian Radio-Television during this period, and can be seen in the above photograph.
During the last months of the socialist era, overtly political programming was drastically scaled down, and the long-established practice of playing "The Internationale" at the end of each broadcast was abandoned.[7]
A similar
After the fall of the communist system, Albania's TV frequencies started to be filled by a variety of Western broadcasters: from RAI to CNN International.
Radio Tirana is widely seen as a symbol representing
Contemporary
RTSH has dominated the Albanian broadcasting field up to the middle of the 1990s, a period when
One of the post-communist programs leaving a lasting impression was that of talented show-man Adi Krasta, entitled Rreth Fatit për 12-Javë. The show was embedded in a national lottery, something unseen before in Albania and ran on
The broadcaster is known for producing high quality
Up to the early 2000s, the journalistic field was represented by experienced iconic personalities such as news anchors Tefta Radi, Roland Roshi, Arben Kamberi, Reiz Çiço, and Arben Mevlani. The broadcaster also has exclusive coverage of daily and special proceedings of the Parliament of Albania.
In 1997, in Albania, educational institutions were temporarily shut down due to
In 1999, journalists of RTV Pristina were obliged to flee Pristina as the situation in Kosovo was escalating. They took temporal refuge in RTSH by anchoring specific news bulletins on their region's situation.[citation needed]
RTSH owns and operates a vast number of transmitter sites throughout the country such as the Fushe Dajt and Dajt 1613m stations at
On May 6, 2016, RTSH appointed Thoma Gëllçi as Director General as the position had been vacant for years.[8] On the 8th of October 2021, Mr Gëllçi was detained by the Albanian Special Court on Corruption and Organized Crime (SPAK) for alleged corruption in procurement and public tender processes.[9][10] His request to be released while his appeal is pending was approved by the court on 30th of August, 2022.[11]
A Balkan Insight investigation found that RTSH, despite its statutory duty to be impartial, was one of the many local broadcasters which gave disproportionate coverage to the ruling Socialist Party of Albania during the campaign for the 2021 Albanian parliamentary election.[12]
Broadcasting outlets
Television
Logo | Channel | HD | Broadcast | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|
RTSH 1 | Digital terrestrial television | generalist. Launched in 1960. | ||
RTSH 2 | Digital terrestrial television | generalist primarily focused on minorities. Launched in 2003. | ||
RTSH 3 | Digital terrestrial television Satellite |
generalist primarily focused on the diaspora. | ||
RTSH Film | Digital terrestrial television | International movies and series. | ||
RTSH Muzikë | Digital terrestrial television Satellite |
Albanian and international music, culture, shows. Launched in 2012. | ||
RTSH Shqip | Digital terrestrial television Satellite |
Albanian movies, culture, and shows. | ||
RTSH Shkollë | Digital terrestrial television Satellite |
Albanian and international kids and teen programming. Launched in 2020. | ||
RTSH Fëmijë | Digital terrestrial television | Albanian and international kids programming. Launched in 2018. | ||
RTSH Sport | Digital terrestrial television | Sports. Launched in 2012. | ||
RTSH Plus | Digital terrestrial television Satellite |
Albanian culture, shows, and music. | ||
RTSH 24 | Digital terrestrial television Satellite |
24/7 news channel. | ||
RTSH Agro | Digital terrestrial television | Agriculture, travel, and tourism. | ||
RTSH Satelit | Satellite | RTSH 1 encrypted programming on satellite. | ||
RTSH Kuvend | Digital terrestrial television | Live parliament broadcasts only. | ||
RTSH Gjirokastra | Digital terrestrial television | Local television covering the Gjirokastër area and its surroundings. | ||
RTSH Korça | Digital terrestrial television | Local television covering the Korçë area and its surroundings. | ||
RTSH Kukësi | Digital terrestrial television | Local television covering the Kukës area and its surroundings. | ||
RTSH Shkodra | Digital terrestrial television | local television covering the Shkodër area and its surroundings. |
Radio
- Radio Tirana (also, Radio Tirana 1) is the name of Albania's first radio program, concentrating on news, talk, and features
- Radio Tirana 2 is the second radio program targeted at youth broadcasting mainly music
- Radio Tirana 3 is the third radio program dedicated to all genres of Albanian music
- Radio Tirana International is the name of the international service broadcasting in Albanian, English, French. Greek, German, Italian, Serbian, and Turkish
- Radio Tirana Klasik is a radio station broadcasting in Tirana at 101.2 MHz dedicated mainly to classical music.
- Radio Tirana Jazz is a radio station dedicated to jazz classics broadcasting only on digital and not on FM.
- Radio Tirana Fëmijë is a radio station dedicated to Albanian children.
- Radio Korça in Korçë, Albania
- Radio Gjirokastra in Gjirokastër, Albania
- Radio Shkodra in Shkodër, Albania
- Radio Kukësi in Kukës, Albania
RTSH Tani
In 2017, RTSH launched "RTSH Tani" an app which enables users of Android and iOS to watch all the channels from the RTSH digital platform including the regional channels such as TV Korca. In addition, the app enables users to watch catch up TV content from the last 7 days for all 9 channels.[13]
Logo
The unveiling of the new logo of RTSH took place on the opening of the 56th edition of the
In 2020, the logo was modified by bringing the two square shapes almost on top of each other, thus greatly distinguishing it from HRT.
Programs
National
Original name | Format | Origin |
---|---|---|
Revista televizive | Central News Bulletin | Albania |
Hapësirë e Blertë | Agricultural affairs | Albania |
Rubrika Sportive | Sport show | Albania |
E Hëna Sportive | Sport show | Albania |
Më prit në fundjavë | Weekend show | Albania |
E diela jonë | Sunday show | Albania |
Trupi dhe shëndeti | Health show | Albania |
Mirëmëngjes Shqipëri | Morning show | Albania |
Ditë të mbarë | Morning show | Albania |
Festivali i Këngës | Song contest | Albania |
Java në RTSH | Political talk show | Albania |
Auditor Arsimi | Instruction talk show | Albania |
Art and Art | Musical show | Albania |
Bibliotekë | Literature show | Albania |
Autor | Documentary show | Albania |
Në tempull | Cultural show | Albania |
Ditë pas dite | Cultural show | Albania |
Më prit në fundjavë | Cultural show | Albania |
Kosherja | Cultural show | Albania |
Artes | Cultural talk show | Albania |
Përballë | Political talk show | Albania |
Dimensioni 4 | Instruction talk show | Albania |
International
Title | Origin |
---|---|
Voice of America | United States |
The Mentalist | United States |
Millennium |
Sweden |
Person of Interest | United States[14] |
The Closer | United States[15] |
Hallo Robbie! | Germany |
SOKO Wismar | Germany |
Dos Vidas | Spain |
Fuller House | United States |
Sanremo Music Festival | Italy[16] |
Eurovision Song Contest | Europe |
Junior Eurovision Song Contest | Europe |
For Kids
Title | Origin |
---|---|
Rreth Nesh | Albania |
Te mesojme me ogin | Albania |
Go Astro Boy Go! | Japan |
Ben 10: Ultimate Alien | United States |
Ben 10 | United States |
Jurassic Cubs | Italy |
The Black Corsair | Italy |
Zig and Sharko |
France |
What's with Andy? | France |
Kung Fu Dino Posse | Canada |
Timmy Time | United Kingdom |
Shaun the Sheep | United Kingdom |
Broadcasting improvements
The broadcasting quality of Radio Tirana has gradually improved throughout the years. After the
In December 1965, a new building of Radio Tirana was inaugurated. During the upcoming years, a combined total of 18 medium and short wave transmitters were installed, part of which carried Radio Tirana's external service programmes for many years.
In 2003, an attractive TV news room studio was created, and the TV (TVSH) signal on
In 2007, RTSH launched its official webpage with daily news briefs and a variety of information on its services. The online stream of Radio Tirana 3 was launched on 28 November 2008 by the German Radio 700 team while the Radio Tirana 1 stream was launched in January 2009.
In 2011, RTSH launched live streaming of the 50th edition of Festivali i Kenges, by possibly marking the first time that RTSH launched an online streaming video service in its history.
In 2012, RTSH started broadcasting in HD. In 2013, RTSH launched four specialty channels including: RTSH HD, RTSH Muzikë, RTSH Art, RTSH Sport. By far, RTSH holds a monopoly in rural areas where its signal dominates airwaves.
In 2017, RTSH launched three additional channels including: RTSH Fëmijë (featuring children's programming) and RTSH Kuvend, a channel dedicated to Kuvendi, the Albanian Parliament and RTSH 24.
In recent years, RTSH has upgraded TV studios and broadcasting equipment, launched a number of digital TV channels, added live online TV and radio streams, and has uploaded TV programs on YouTube.
Special productions
- RTSH is the producer of the annual national song competition, Festivali i Këngës. The winner of the competition goes on to represent Albania in the Eurovision Song Contest.
- RTSH has produced the most high-rated Albanian television series, Njerëz dhe Fate, Dhimbja e Dashurisë, and radio series Rruga me Pisha
- Miss Albania and Miss Europe were some of the fashion competitions organised by RTSH in the 1990s.
See also
References
- ^ About RTSH - rtsh.sil.at Archived 2005-12-19 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Radio Tirana's Broadcasting Schedule as of 2007 - RadioTirana.org Archived 2009-11-17 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "EBUMembers". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 28 February 2019. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ History of Radio Tirana's Transmitters – DX LISTENING DIGEST 6-150 October 8, 2006
- ^ "Faqe nga historia e Televizionit Shqiptar". Koha Jonë. 2005-06-03. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
- ISBN 1-56750-245-8.
- ^ "Alleged political pressure at public broadcaster Radio Televizioni Shqiptar". IFEX. 30 April 2010.
- ^ Union (EBU), European Broadcasting (2016-05-06). "Albania public service broadcaster Radio Televizioni Shqiptar elects new Director General". www.ebu.ch. Retrieved 2020-11-01.
- ^ "Arrestohet ish-drejtori i RTSH-së Thoma Gëllçi dhe 3 vartësit e tij për abuzim me tendera" (in Albanian). Retrieved 2023-09-11.
- ^ "Korrupsion në tenderin rreth 1 mln $ për kanalin 'Agro', SPAK arreston ish- drejtorin e RTSH-së, Thoma Gëllçi! Në pranga edhe 3 punonjës - Shqiptarja.com". shqiptarja.com (in Albanian). Retrieved 2023-09-11.
- ^ "Del nga qelia e paraburgimit ish-drejtori RTSH-së Thoma Gëllçi - Shqiptarja.com". shqiptarja.com (in Albanian). Retrieved 2023-09-11.
- ^ Likmeta, Besar (2021-06-02). "Albanian Election Commissioner Turns Blind Eye to Broadcast Bias". Balkan Insight. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
- ^ ""RTSH Tani" në telefonat e zgjuar". RTSH-Radio Televizioni Shqiptar (in Albanian). 2018-01-02. Retrieved 2018-08-13.
- ^ ""Person of Interest", dy episode premierë këtë të shtunë në RTSH". 4 November 2016.
- ^ ""The Closer" seriali më i ri në RTSH". 11 September 2016.
- ^ "Sanremo 2024, nis nata finale. Ngjarja muzikore transmetohet drejtpërdrejtë në RTSH1 | RTSH Lajme". lajme.rtsh.al. Retrieved 2024-02-19.
External links
- Official website (in Albanian)
- RTSH on Facebook
- RTSH on Instagram